Review
Microbiology
Amber J. Barton, Jennifer Hill, Christoph J. Blohmke, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: The lack of vaccines against paratyphoid, multidrug resistance, and chronic carriage pose challenges for enteric fever elimination, despite the recent recommendation of conjugate vaccines for typhoid fever by WHO. Advances in in vitro and human challenge models in the past decade have enhanced understanding of enteric fever pathogenesis and have the potential to drive future developments in vaccines and antimicrobials.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Amber J. Barton, Jennifer Hill, Christoph J. Blohmke, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: This review summarizes the advances in understanding the pathogenesis of enteric fever, including mechanisms of host restriction, intestinal invasion, interactions with innate immunity, and chronic carriage, and discusses how this knowledge may advance future vaccines and antimicrobials.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anahit Sedrakyan, Zhanna Ktsoyan, Karine Arakelova, Zaruhi Gevorgyan, Magdalina Zakharyan, Shoghik Hakobyan, Alvard Hovhannisyan, Arsen Arakelyan, Rustam Aminov
Summary: This study analysed human isolates of nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica from salmonellosis cases in Armenia from 1996 to 2019. The findings revealed variability and dynamics in the epidemiology of salmonellosis, with a high virulence potential of human NTS isolates circulating in the region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Khaled El Khatib, Ribal Aby Hadeer, Anis Saad, Aline Kalaydjian, Elie Fayad, Youssef Mahfouz, Victorien Dougnon, Ziad Daoud, Roula M. Abdel-Massih
Summary: This study investigated the antibacterial activity of Ilex paraguariensis extract against different strains of nontyphoidal Salmonella. The extract showed varying MIC values and a high MPC, resulting in a wide MSW range. Several pathogenicity genes were detected in the Salmonella isolates. The antibacterial activity of the extract was not affected by antimicrobial resistance or pathogenicity genes, suggesting the presence of other active compounds.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Boimpoundi Eunice Flavie Ouali, Tsyr-Huei Chiou, Jenn-Wei Chen, I-Chu Lin, Ching-Chuan Liu, Yu-Chung Chiang, Tzong-Shiann Ho, Hao-Ven Wang
Summary: The study investigated virulence traits and molecular diversity of clinical isolates of Salmonella, revealing varying virulence properties among different serotypes depending on the environment. The susceptibility of the tested strains to antibiotics varied, with some showing resistance to multiple drugs, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and updating of microbiological and molecular reports.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Thida Kong-Ngoen, Sirijan Santajit, Witawat Tunyong, Pornpan Pumirat, Nitat Sookrung, Wanpen Chaicumpa, Nitaya Indrawattana
Summary: This study investigated the antimicrobial-resistant and virulent genotypes and phenotypes of Salmonella isolated from retail food samples in Bangkok, Thailand. The findings showed that these isolates were generally resistant and carried some resistance genes. Increasing public awareness and implementing food hygienic practices are required for the prevention and control of Salmonella.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amal Ben Hassena, Julie Haendiges, Sonia Zormati, Sonda Guermazi, Radhouane Gdoura, Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona, Mariam Siala
Summary: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to analyze 39 non-typhoidal Salmonella strains isolated from various sources in Tunisia, revealing 12 different virulence profiles and several antimicrobial resistance genes. The phylogenetic relationships among the strains were further assessed, demonstrating the accuracy and utility of WGS for genetic characterization of bacterial strains in comparison to traditional molecular typing methods. This study represents the first application of WGS for genetic characterization of food-borne Tunisian strains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jiancai Chen, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, Haiyang Zhou, Beibei Wu, Yunyi Zhang, Min Yue
Summary: The study investigated the antimicrobial resistance and genomic features of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city in 2020. The results showed high resistance to multiple antibiotics, presence of multiple resistance genes and plasmids, and typical virulence genes. The isolates of the same serovar clustered closely together in phylogenomic analysis, indicating a high incidence of multi-drug resistance among the studied isolates.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Joshua Fierer
Summary: Salmonella enterica invades the host through the intestinal tract, causing gastroenteritis with approximately 2,000 distinct serovars in normal hosts. However, bacteremia is a rare complication except in extreme ages. Enteric fever and invasive NTS infections are primarily caused by only a few serovars.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Minori Takaichi, Kayo Osawa, Ryohei Nomoto, Noriko Nakanishi, Masanori Kameoka, Makiko Miura, Katsumi Shigemura, Shohiro Kinoshita, Koichi Kitagawa, Atsushi Uda, Takayuki Miyara, Ni Made Mertaniasih, Usman Hadi, Dadik Raharjo, Ratna Yulistiani, Masato Fujisawa, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Toshiro Shirakawa
Summary: This study confirms the increase in antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) in Indonesia. The NTS strains isolated from chicken meat showed high resistance to multiple antibiotics and had many virulence factors. Particularly, a serotype called S. Schwarzengrund was frequently detected as multi-antimicrobial resistant and had a high prevalence of virulence genes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kitchawan Hengkrawit, Chidchanok Tangjade
Summary: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for multi-drug resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella (MDR-NTS) infection in invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease (iNTS) patients. The study found that patients over 60 years old or with onset of illness more than 3 days before admission were more susceptible to MDR-NTS infection. The choice of antimicrobials should be based on the local prevalence and epidemiology of MDR-NTS.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Benoit Bernar, Nina Gande, Aline Bernar, Thomas Mueller, Joern Schoenlaub
Summary: Non-typhoidal Salmonella infections can cause bacterial diarrhea, and severe complications can occur in at-risk populations. Contact with reptiles and amphibians, especially bearded dragons, can transmit Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Monschaui (S. Monschaui) to newborns and infants. The incidence of reptile- and amphibian-associated salmonellosis has been rising due to the popularity of these pets, posing a risk to vulnerable individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Belisa Usmael, Bruk Abraha, Sisay Alemu, Bahar Mummed, Adem Hiko, Abdallahi Abdurehman
Summary: This study reveals the importance of dogs as carriers and spreaders of antimicrobial resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella, especially in diarrheic and apparently healthy housed dogs. The risk of non-typhoidal Salmonella spread is higher in households that use offal as the main feed type. Therefore, an integrated approach is needed to tackle this problem.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Momen Askoura, Ahmad J. Almalki, Amr S. Abu Lila, Khaled Almansour, Farhan Alshammari, El-Sayed Khafagy, Tarek S. Ibrahim, Wael A. H. Hegazy
Summary: The CRISPR-Cas9 system was used to target the S. enterica sdiA gene, showing significant impacts on biofilm formation, cell adhesion, and invasion, but not intracellular survival. Double mutations in sdiA and ssaV attenuated S. enterica virulence and in vivo pathogenesis. Mutations in selected genes increased Salmonella susceptibility to antibiotics.
Article
Microbiology
Susan M. Brewer, Christian Twittenhoff, Jens Kortmann, Sky W. Brubaker, Jared Honeycutt, Liliana Moura Massis, Trung H. M. Pham, Franz Narberhaus, Denise M. Monack
Summary: Bacterial pathogens adjust their virulence factor expression in response to temperature changes through an RNA thermosensor, impacting their survival and infection capability. Specific pathogens like Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) regulate gene expression to successfully infect hosts and evade immune responses.
Article
Microbiology
Rebecca Johnson, Alexander Byrne, Cedric N. Berger, Elizabeth Klemm, Valerie F. Crepin, Gordon Dougan, Gad Frankel
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James P. R. Connolly, Sabrina L. Slater, Nicky O'Boyle, Robert J. Goldstone, Valerie F. Crepin, David R. Gallego, Pawel Herzyk, David G. E. Smith, Gillian R. Douce, Gad Frankel, Andrew J. Roe
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Elli Mylona, Julia Sanchez-Garrido, Trang Nguyen Hoang Thu, Sabina Dongol, Abhilasha Karkey, Stephen Baker, Avinash R. Shenoy, Gad Frankel
Summary: The study investigated the impact of Salmonella Paratyphi A on human macrophages, revealing that it induces a specific form of cell death through activation of multiple caspases. Furthermore, the very long O-antigen chains produced by SPtA interfere with bacterial interactions with epithelial cells and inhibit inflammasome-mediated macrophage cell death. The differential expression of FepE in SPtA and Salmonella Typhimurium leads to serovar-specific inflammasome modulation, suggesting distinct virulence mechanisms between the two strains.
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Melanie A. McDowell, Alexander M. P. Byrne, Elli Mylona, Rebecca Johnson, Agnes Sagfors, Valerie F. Crepin, Susan Lea, Gad Frankel
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Rebecca Johnson, Matt Ravenhall, Derek Pickard, Gordon Dougan, Alexander Byrne, Gad Frankel
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2018)