Review
Genetics & Heredity
Yongxin Li, Yan Tong, Jiaqi Liu, Jianlin Lou
Summary: DNA is crucial for organism development and function. MiRNA, a type of non-coding RNA, may play an important role in the DNA damage response by influencing processes like cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis, thereby impacting genomic stability and tumorigenesis.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yanting Yang, Xiuhong Zhu, Guohua Yu, Jinbo Ma
Summary: This study demonstrates that Pyxinol can mitigate cisplatin-induced renal injury by attenuating DNA damage response and tubular cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Pyxinol can enhance the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of cisplatin against xenograft tumors in nude mice. The combination of Pyxinol with cisplatin may represent a beneficial adjunct therapy for cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimens in the clinic.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Angelos Papaspyropoulos, Orsalia Hazapis, Nefeli Lagopati, Aikaterini Polyzou, Anastasios D. Papanastasiou, Michalis Liontos, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis, Athanassios Kotsinas
Summary: The text highlights the underappreciated role of non-coding RNAs, particularly circular RNAs, in the DNA damage response and repair network. It emphasizes the importance of further research in this area for potential therapeutic opportunities, while also acknowledging the lack of detailed understanding of the properties and functional roles of these molecules.
Review
Cell Biology
Yu-Hsiu Wang, Michael P. Sheetz
Summary: The mechanisms that maintain genome stability are crucial for preventing tumor progression. Nuclear phosphoinositide lipids play an important role in DNA damage signaling and provide a new signaling interface for DNA repair pathway selection. However, our understanding of the underlying regulatory mechanisms of nuclear phosphoinositides in DNA damage repair is limited due to a lack of techniques for real-time monitoring of changes in these lipids.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hongrui Guo, Yujuan Ouyang, Jiaqi Wang, Hengmin Cui, Huidan Deng, Xinyue Zhong, Zhijie Jian, Huan Liu, Jing Fang, Zhicai Zuo, Xun Wang, Ling Zhao, Yi Geng, Ping Ouyang, Huaqiao Tang
Summary: Copper is essential but over-exposure can lead to adverse health effects. CuSO4 was found to induce spermatogenesis disorder through oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis, impairing male reproductive function.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ya-Yun Hsiao, Fang-Hsin Chen, Chun-Chieh Chan, Ching-Chih Tsai
Summary: This study estimated the yields of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by ultrasoft X-rays, evaluated their relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and repair outcomes, and compared them to Co-60 gamma-rays. The results showed higher RBE values for ultrasoft X-rays under different conditions, indicating a potential advantage in cancer treatment through the synergistic effects of DSB induction and enzymatic DSB formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dimitra T. Stefanou, Marousa Kouvela, Dimitris Stellas, Konstantinos Voutetakis, Olga Papadodima, Konstantinos Syrigos, Vassilis L. Souliotis
Summary: The deregulated DNA damage response network is associated with the onset and progression of lung cancer. This study found that lung cancer patients have higher levels of endogenous DNA damage, which may be caused by oxidative stress and defective DNA repair mechanisms. The findings suggest that oxidative stress and DDR-related aberrations contribute to the accumulation of endogenous DNA damage in lung cancer patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Yuli Thamires Magalhaes, Viktor Kalbermatter Boell, Giovanna Duo Cardella, Fabio Luis Forti
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Rho GTPases on DNA damage repair and therapeutic sensitivity. The results showed that inhibiting the Rho pathway increased the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiation therapy and delayed DNA repair. Additionally, the study found that there is an interdependence between p53 and Rho, with G-actin mediating nuclear translocation of p53 enhanced by IR. Overall, the findings suggest that Rho and actin cytoskeleton dynamics are sensitive targets for reversing acquired resistance in GBM tumors with wild-type p53.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Lia Yedidia-Aryeh, Michal Goldberg
Summary: Cancer development is often associated with impaired DNA repair and DNA damage signaling pathways. Estrogen has a regulatory role in the repair and cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks. There is a complex interplay between the cellular DNA damage response and the actions of estrogen, which may contribute to the development of estrogen-dependent cancers.
Article
Cell Biology
Ilias Tsochantaridis, Alexandros Kontopoulos, Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou, Margaritis Tsifintaris, Charisios Triantafyllou, Aglaia Pappa
Summary: ALDH1B1 plays a protective role in DNA damage and apoptosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and is associated with the transcriptional activation of DNA repair-related genes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuqin Zhao, Shuailin Hao, Wenchi Wu, Youhang Li, Kaiping Hou, Yu Liu, Wei Cui, Xingzhi Xu, Hailong Wang
Summary: Lysine crotonylation is a reversible protein posttranslational modification that plays a crucial role in maintaining genome stability and responding to genotoxic stresses. It connects cellular metabolism with gene regulation and is involved in various cellular processes, including transcriptional repression induced by double-strand breaks, DNA repair, and the response to DNA replication stress.
Article
Pathology
Ansar Karimian, Maryam Majidinia, Afshin Moliani, Forough Alemi, Zatollah Asemi, Bahman Yousefi, Andarz Fazlollahpour Naghibi
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of quercetin and thymoquinone on the expression levels of key factors of DNA damage response in breast, lung, and prostate cancer cell lines. The results showed that both flavonoids effectively induced cytotoxicity in these cancer cells, increased the expression levels of DNA damage markers, and decreased the expression levels of DNA repair genes.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariarosaria De Falco, Alessandra Porritiello, Federica Rota, Viviana Scognamiglio, Amina Antonacci, Giovanni del Monaco, Mariarita De Felice
Summary: Generation of the 3' overhang is a crucial step in homologous recombination and replication fork rescue processes. In archaea, the nuclease NurA and ATPase HerA, along with the highly conserved MRE11/RAD50 proteins, play a significant role in producing 3' single-stranded DNA during homologous recombination. The single-strand binding protein SSB regulates the DNA repair process by inhibiting the activities of NurA and HerA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dana Jurkovicova, Christiana M. Neophytou, Ana Cipak Gasparovic, Ana Cristina Goncalves
Summary: Resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy is a common occurrence in cancer patients, necessitating the continuous investigation and development of new cancer therapies. The DNA damage response (DDR) plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability, but defects in DDR machinery are associated with different types of cancers. Current developments include the use of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) as DDR inhibitors (DDRi) for various cancers. However, resistance to DDRi, including PARP inhibitors, is becoming a growing concern in clinical settings. This review highlights the importance of DDR pathways in cancer therapy, its role in treatment resistance, and its potential for anticancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Arathi Rajan, Geetu R. Varghese, Induprabha Yadev, Jaimie Anandan, Neetha R. Latha, Dipyaman Patra, Neethu Krishnan, Krithiga Kuppusamy, Arathy Warrier, Satej Bhushan, Revathy Nadhan, Ram Mohan Ram Kumar, Priya Srinivas
Summary: BRCA1 mutation carriers have a higher risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study found that in breast cancer cells, E2 and ER-α signaling can enhance BRCA1-mediated DNA repair, while deficiency in ER-α delays DNA damage repair and promotes tumor progression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)