Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Xu Dai, Antonio Gamba, Chang Liu, Johan Anderson, Marion Charlier, David Rush, Stephen Welch
Summary: This study investigates the temperature heterogeneity in large open-plan office compartments caused by fire, as well as the ability of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models to reproduce fire spread behavior over timber cribs. The results show that fire spread is highly sensitive to various parameters and linear relationships exist between different fire modes and thermal exposures.
ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Praveen Vijayan, Gireesh Kumaran Thampi, Pushpendra K. Vishwakarma, Adriana Palacios
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the geometry of jet flames and the ambient conditions. The results show that reduced pressure leads to longer flame lengths and larger flame areas.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Rahul Kallada Janardhan, Saani Shakil, Wei Lu, Simo Hostikka, Jari Puttonen
Summary: This paper presents a unidirectional coupling methodology for combining fire simulation with finite element analysis to study the response of long-span steel truss beams exposed to non-uniform temperature distributions. Experimental studies and fire simulations were conducted to analyze the impact of fire spread on the beams and the various responses of the beams in non-uniform temperature fields.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Gabriele Vigne, Wojciech Wegrzynski, Alexis Cantizano, Pablo Ayala, Guillermo Rein, Candido Gutierrez-Montes
Summary: Fires in large-volume buildings present unique challenges, especially regarding smoke control for life safety. This study conducted experimental and numerical research on smoke dynamics from multiple fire sources, showing worse conditions compared to single fires. The findings highlight the importance of considering fires with multiple sources due to quicker smoke production.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhi Liu, Guo-Qiang Li
Summary: Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the fire performance of bridges. However, there is still a lack of studies on the safety evaluation of steel cable-stayed bridges subjected to ship fires. This study developed an advanced numerical method to accurately evaluate the response of steel cable-stayed bridges to ship fires. The proposed method was validated and it was found that fires can introduce local damage to the bridge and alter its internal force distribution.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jinggang Zhou, Xuanyi Zhou, Beihua Cong, Wei Wang
Summary: This study investigated the h(c) coefficient of the steel column surfaces in a fire scenario using CFD simulation. The distribution laws of h(c) at different parts of the column were analyzed using both theoretical and empirical formulas. The results showed that the h(c) values based on the theoretical definition were larger and took into account the effects of both velocity and temperature on heat transfer behavior.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
N. Verma, S. Hostikka, J. Vaari, T. Korhonen
Summary: Nuclear power plants face a significant risk from cable fires, which can cause cable failures and spread to other equipment, jeopardizing their safe operation. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics-based method to model the heat release rate of cable fires, and the results show promising accuracy.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jaiho Lee, Byeongjun Kim, Sangkyu Lee, Weon Gyu Shin
Summary: A validation study was conducted on the FDS model for fire scenarios involving multiple liquid pool fires in multiple compartments. The study compared the results obtained from open and blind simulations with experimental data. The analysis showed that the input parameters, such as the MLRPUA time curve, significantly affected the output parameters in terms of bias factor and model standard deviation.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Azad Hamzehpour, Vittorio Verda, Romano Borchiellini
Summary: This article presents a numerical analysis of the performance of three water mist fire suppression systems on shielded fires. It shows that two of the analyzed mist sprays could successfully extinguish the shielded fires in a short time, while the third mist system had a longer extinguishing time. All three nozzles failed to suppress the fire covered by the largest obstacle. The shielding conditions and nozzle characteristics can affect the performance of water mist systems to some extent.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hossein Hadi Najafabadi, Vinod Suresh, Callum James Thomas Spence, Eu-Lee Teh, John Edward Cater
Summary: The study utilized a numerical model and experimental data to investigate the generation and behavior of surgical smoke during laparoscopic surgery, showing that the smoke is mainly composed of water vapor, particulate matter, and volatile substances, with specific generation rates also measured.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pengzhen Lu, Qingtian Shi, Kai Ye, Ying Wu, Libo Lu, Yutao Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a modified finite-element model (FEM) of a bridge following a fire based on the fire dynamics simulator (FDS)-artificial intelligence algorithm. The static behavior of the bridge is predicted using the updated model, which is obtained through numerical simulation and dynamic load test results.
STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Til Baalisampang, Elie Saliba, Fatemeh Salehi, Vikram Garaniya, Longfei Chen
Summary: Understanding the consequences of fuel release and fire accidents is crucial for the design and construction of buildings and infrastructures. A framework for simulating liquefied petroleum gas heat release and modeling evacuee visibility during fire events using CFD model has been proposed in this study, aiming to enhance fire safety in buildings.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rafat Al-Waked, Mohammad Nasif, Nathan Groenhout, Lester Partridge
Summary: The study assessed the performance of a residential block with an Atrium using CFD simulations for natural ventilation and fire scenarios. Results showed the importance of ambient conditions for natural ventilation and recommended using operable louvres based on outdoor temperature. Location of fire within the Atrium was found to significantly impact air quality and ventilation strategy.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaosheng Liu, Dong Hou, Jun Ji, Hui Zhu
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of fire detector sensitivity on fire detection results through experiments and numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that detectors with lower alarm thresholds have shorter response times, and the sensitivity of suction-type smoke detectors significantly affects detection outcomes.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yu-Shuang Wang, Hao Zhou, Jian-Ying Wu
Summary: This study focuses on a hybrid fire collapse simulation method that combines damage analysis of locally fire-heated components and collapse simulation of the remaining major structure. The integrated simulation allows for predicting the entire process from high temperature damage of materials to fire destruction of local components and to the collapse of the entire RC structure.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Craig G. Weinschenk, Kristopher J. Overholt, Daniel Madrzykowski
Article
Engineering, Civil
C. Weinschenk, C. M. Beal, O. A. Ezekoye
JOURNAL OF FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING
(2011)
Article
Thermodynamics
Craig G. Weinschenk, O. A. Ezekoye
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
(2013)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Craig Weinschenk, Daniel Madrzykowski, Paul Courtney
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mark B. McKinnon, Craig Weinschenk
Summary: Controlled gas burner experiments were conducted in residential structures to investigate the effect of flow paths on fire dynamics and thermal conditions. Data collected provided validation for the fire modeling community, with the simulator accurately predicting changes in pressure measurements due to ventilation events.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark McKinnon, Craig Weinschenk, Daniel Madrzykowski, Keith Stakes
Summary: The fire modeling community currently lacks full-scale data from tests conducted in realistic residential-style structures. Controlled gas burner tests were conducted in purpose-built structures to provide new validation cases for the fire modeling community.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shruti Ghanekar, Craig Weinschenk, Gavin P. Horn, Keith Stakes, Richard M. Kesler, Tonghun Lee
Summary: This study investigates the impact of HVAC operating status and bedroom door position on the concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor produced by propane gas burners in a residential structure. The experimental results show that both HVAC status and bedroom door position have a significant influence on species concentrations.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Craig Weinschenk, Shruti Ghanekar, Keith Stakes, Adam Quiat, Richard M. Kessler, Tonghun Lee
Summary: The fire modeling community lacks full-scale experimental data on fires in residential-style structures with HVAC systems, as well as data on the generation and transport of H2O due to combustion. Propane gas burner fire experiments were conducted in a purpose-built two-story structure to measure temperature, pressure, velocity, and gas concentrations. The experiments aimed to assess heat and gas species transfer under different conditions.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Dushyant M. Chaudhari, Craig Weinschenk, Jason E. Floyd
Summary: Controlled fire experiments were conducted in a two-story residential structure to study the impact of HVAC systems and door positions on fire-induced environment. The experiment monitored temperatures, gas concentrations, and differential pressures in the structure. The study used Fire Dynamics Simulator to simulate these experiments, and experimental data on air tightness and HVAC flowrates were found to be important for optimizing simulation setup.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Craig Weinschenk, Ofodike A. Ezekoye, Robert Nicks