Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hailan Jin, Ryota Kose, Nobushige Akada, Takayuki Okayama
Summary: The wettability of recycled pulp fibers greatly affects the strength of recycled paper and the bonding strength between fibers. This study found that recycled softwood kraft pulp fibers are less hydrophilic than the original fibers, regardless of whether they have been bleached or not. The contact angle of the fibers decreased with increased recycling. The Page equation was used to evaluate the contributions of single fiber and fiber-fiber bonding to paper's tensile strength. The results showed that the bonding strength between fibers weakened with recycling for recycled softwood kraft pulp, while the bonding strength weakened less for the original chemi-thermomechanical pulp.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Anh-Thang Le, An Le Hoang
Summary: This study investigates the variation of tensile strength in high-performance concrete (HPC) through various tensile tests and compares the results of different fiber reinforcement methods. The average tensile strength of bending and splitting tensile tests is significantly higher, and the results of splitting and flexural tensile tests follow a normal distribution.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xichen Yu, Wei Fan, Elfina Azwar, Shengbo Ge, Changlei Xia, Yanli Sun, Xingzhong Gao, Xue Yang, Shujuan Wang, Su Shiung Lam
Summary: This study investigates the effects of twist levels, twist ratios, and epoxy resin impregnation rates on the tensile properties of high performance composites derived from waste cotton fibers. The optimal twist factors for producing high tensile strength in plied yarn-reinforced composites were determined. Twisting significantly influences the manufacturing of high-performance composites from waste-derived yarn, providing a new paradigm for recycling waste textiles into valuable materials.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyue Wang, Qiang Wang, Ping Wang, Man Zhou, Bo Xu, Ying Liu, Yuanyuan Yu
Summary: Chitosan was modified with thioctic acid to prepare soft films with improved physical-mechanical, antibacterial, and thermal properties. The modified films showed higher flexibility, good antibacterial activity, and resistance to harsh conditions, making them suitable for flexible devices and packaging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Julian Carrillo, Diego Torres, Hector Guerrero
Summary: The study aims to establish correlations between SFRC's strength and toughness test results, finding that strength correlations between 4PBT and DPT can be used for SFRC with varying compressive strength. The results indicate that the prediction provides conservative and close to measured values.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Narayan Shirolkar, Prachi Patwardhan, Aowabin Rahman, Ashley Spear, Satish Kumar
Summary: The manufacturing of carbon fiber is a time-consuming and costly process, and the integration of machine learning and experimental techniques is crucial in understanding the processing-structure-property relationships. Research indicates that machine learning models can be used to approximate the effect of manufacturing process parameters on the mechanical properties of carbon fibers.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jesus Gonzalez-Julian, Irina Kraleva, Manuel Belmonte, Fabian Jung, Thomas Gries, Raul Bermejo
Summary: The paper presents the processing and characterization of laminates based on Ti2AlC MAX phase and triaxial alumina braids, evaluating their multifunctional response in terms of thermal and electrical conductivity, oxidation resistance, and mechanical behavior. The study shows that the laminates exhibit anisotropic thermal and electrical behavior, as well as excellent oxidation resistance, but with lower biaxial strength compared to monolithic Ti2AlC, indicating potential for optimization in MAX-phase layered structures for enhanced multifunctional performance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Faust Seculi, Francesc X. Espinach, Fernando Julian, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Pere Mutje, Quim Tarres
Summary: Bio-based polymers can meet the demands of society and regulations to minimize environmental impact, especially for companies seeking a smooth transition with less uncertainty. By using BioPE as the matrix, similar to HDPE, abaca-fiber-reinforced composites were obtained and compared with commercial glass-fiber-reinforced HDPE. Micromechanical models were employed to estimate the interface strength and tensile strength of the reinforcements. The addition of 8 wt.% coupling agent improved the interface strength of biocomposites, resulting in tensile properties comparable to commercial glass-fiber-reinforced HDPE composites.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abolfazl Eslami, Hosein Mohammadi, Hosein Mirabi Banadaki
Summary: This study investigates the performance of adobe bricks containing palm fibers of different soil weight ratios. The findings reveal that fiber-reinforced adobe bricks have superior compressive strength, tensile strength, and ductility compared to their unreinforced counterparts.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wisal Ahmed, C. W. Lim
Summary: FRAC, a sustainable and economically feasible structural concrete, is gaining popularity due to its high strength, eco-friendly, and cost-effectiveness benefits. This article comprehensively reviews the use of fibers such as steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, basalt fiber, and glass fiber in enhancing the strength of FRAC, highlighting their effects on flowability, compressive strength, flexural strength, and other durability aspects. Effective utilization of these fibers can help in maximizing the use of recycled concrete aggregate in structural concrete and implementing the concept of circular economy in the construction sector.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Taotao Cui, Baokuan Ning, Xinxin Shi, Jinyu Li, Anqi Li
Summary: The tensile behavior of hybrid fiber reinforced HSLC was investigated, and it was found that hybrid fibers improved the tensile properties of HSLC at both micro and macro levels. Polypropylene fibers increased the tensile toughness by inhibiting the propagation of micro-cracks, while steel fibers improved the peak stress, peak strain, and tensile toughness by extending the propagation path of macro-cracks and restraining the increase of the width of macro-cracks. An equation for the axial tensile stress-strain curve of the hybrid fiber reinforced HSLC was formulated based on the test results, which can be used for engineering design.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xin Long, Changwei Shao, Shuai Zhang, Yingde Wang
Summary: The high-temperature oxidation behavior of SiCN fibers with different C/N ratios in air was studied in detail, showing a diffusion-controlled process following the parabolic oxidation law. As the C/N ratios decreased, the oxidation rate decreased as well. However, fibers with lower C/N ratios exhibited a more significant decrease in tensile strength after oxidation due to the formation of a rough interface causing enhanced stress concentration.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shahrukh Shoaib, Hilal El -Hassan, Tamer El-Maaddawy
Summary: This research explores the performance of concrete reinforced with various sizes and combinations of basalt fibers. The study finds that the base concrete grade and the configuration of the fibers have an impact on properties such as slump, strength, and resistivity. Short fibers have a minor increase in strength, while long or hybrid fibers can worsen the slump. The use of fibers slightly reduces the compressive strength but improves the bulk resistivity. Simulation models and a new tensile softening law for fiber-reinforced concrete are developed.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ting Wu, Chunxiang Lu, Tongqing Sun, Yonghong Li, Shuxia Yuan, Denghua Li, Guanbo Wang, Xiaodan Ren
Summary: The tensile strength of T and MJ series carbon fibers is related to microvoid size and amorphous structure parameters, following the Griffith microcrack theory. The introduction of amorphous structure parameters in the Griffith formula improves the fitting results, showing that MJ series strength increases with amorphous size while T series exhibits the opposite trend. The amorphous region in MJ series provides a crack propagation path, increasing strength, while nitrogen-based defects in T series have a greater impact on strength compared to crack propagation in the amorphous region.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Xun Guo, Yang Wang, Yuanlin Ren, Xiaohui Liu
Summary: Improving flame retardancy of lyocell fibers has become an important issue in the textile industry. By modifying lyocell fibers and preparing flame retardant lyocell fibers, significant improvements in thermal properties, oxygen index value, and strength retention were achieved. The ability of flame retardant lyocell fibers to generate a highly graphitized char layer and release more water at high temperatures contributes to their enhanced flame retardancy.
Article
Polymer Science
Amanda L. Forster, Zois Tsinas, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Ajay Krishnamurthy, Faraz Burni, William Osborn, Amanda L. Forster
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Amy Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Faraz Burni, Ajay Krishnamurthy, Amanda L. Forster
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
A. Engelbrecht-Wiggans, F. Burni, E. Guigues, S. Jiang, T. Q. Huynh, Z. Tsinas, D. Jacobs, A. L. Forster
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Amanda L. Forster, Dennis D. Leber, Amy Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Virginie Landais, Allen Chang, Emilien Guigues, Guillaume Messin, Michael A. Riley
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zois Tsinas, Ran Tao, Amanda L. Forster
Summary: This study utilized solution blow spinning (SBS) technology to fabricate nanocomposite fiber mats, exploring the effects of critical parameters and providing guidance for optimizing the experimental setup.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Desu Chen, Joy P. Dunkers, Wolfgang Losert, Sumona Sarkar
Summary: This study investigates the impact of nanofiber density on osteogenic differentiation and cell morphology of human bone marrow stromal cells using a machine learning approach. The results demonstrate enhanced osteogenic differentiation with increased nanofiber density and successful prediction of differentiation potential based on cell morphology measurements on day 1.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Joy P. Dunkers, Hariharan Iyer, Brynna Jones, Charles H. Camp, Stephan J. Stranick, Nancy J. Lin
Summary: The study aims to develop a viability method for distinguishing individual quiescent from dead cells, with promising results from fluorescence lifetime imaging of Streptococcus mutans. Using five variable models for classification showed the most accurate results, indicating the potential for further refinement of this approach through future research on other bacterial species and fluorophores.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yang Song, Jiaoyue Long, Joy P. Dunkers, Jeremiah W. Woodcock, Hungchun Lin, Douglas M. Fox, Xiaoling Liao, Yonggang Lv, Li Yang, Martin Y. M. Chiang
Summary: This study experimentally demonstrates the importance of micromechanical compatibility between cells and substrates for cells to achieve favorable mechano-transduction and phenotypic transitions. The thermodynamic model proposed in this study suggests that the response of cells to their mechanical environment is influenced by the interchange of energy forms. Experimental validation with dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) on electrospun fibrous scaffolds shows a significant correlation between micromechanical compatibility and mechanosensitive gene expression, highlighting the importance of this compatibility for regenerative medicine efficacy.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Zois Tsinas, Sara Orski, Viviana R. C. Bentley, Lorelis Gonzalez Lopez, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, Amanda L. Forster
Summary: This study investigates the chemical degradation and physical changes of thermally aged UHMMPE fibers, aiming to improve the lightweight and soft UHMMPE inserts used in ballistic-resistant body armor. The results demonstrate a decrease in the molar mass of the fibers and changes in their crystalline morphology, which negatively affect their performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Babak Nikoobakht, Jonathan Lee, Amit Agrawal, Scott Wight, Michael Shur
Summary: Nanostructured semiconductors have the potential to miniaturize electrically driven semiconductor lasers. This study analyzes lateral ZnO fins as an optical gain medium and an optical resonator, revealing their excellent performance in electron-hole pair collection efficiency and resonance mode formation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Amy Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Zois Tsinas, Ajay Krishnamurthy, Amanda L. Forster
Summary: There is an increasing use of flexible unidirectional composite laminates in the construction of ballistic-resistant body armor. These laminates are made up of multiple layers of hexagonally packed high-performance fibers and low modulus matrix. The tensile behavior of an ultra-high molar mass polyethylene flexible laminate aged at accelerated conditions was investigated and showed less than 10% degradation in tensile strength, indicating high reliability for armor made from this material.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Thanh Nhi Hoang, Viviana Bentley, Ajay Krishnamurthy, Lucas Kaplan, Amanda L. Forster
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ajay Krishnamurthz, Ran Tao, Erkan Senses, Sagar M. Doshi, Faraz Ahmed Burni, Bharath Natarajan, Donald Hunston, Erik T. Thostenson, Antonio Faraone, Amanda L. Forster, Aaron M. Forster
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Danielle Schultz, Robert G. Brinson, Nese Sari, Jeffrey A. Fagan, Christina Bergonzo, Nancy J. Lin, Joy P. Dunkers