Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuhong Wang, Xiang Ma, Parthasarathy Muthuraman, Arun Raja, Aravindan Jayaraman, Konstantin Petrukhin, Christopher L. Cioffi, Jian-Xing Ma, Gennadiy Moiseyev
Summary: This study identifies a compound called RPE65-61 that inhibits the activity of key enzyme RPE65 in the visual cycle, protecting the retina from degenerative eye diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosario Amato, Alessio Canovai, Alberto Melecchi, Salvatore Pezzino, Roberta Corsaro, Massimo Dal Monte, Dario Rusciano, Paola Bagnoli, Maurizio Cammalleri
Summary: Studies have shown that the combination of lutein and C3G can prevent oxidative stress, inflammation, gliotic and apoptotic responses caused by LD, thus protecting photoreceptor cells more effectively than each component alone. Furthermore, they can improve dysfunctional electroretinogram and enhance rod and cone photoreceptor responses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Su, Xiaoqun Gong, Ruiyan Fan, Tianwen Ni, Fuhua Yang, Xiaomin Zhang, Xiaorong Li
Summary: This study introduced Pt NPs as a therapeutic strategy for the degeneration of photoreceptors in blind retinal diseases. The Pt NPs exhibited antioxidant activity, protecting photoreceptors from oxidative damage. They reduced cell apoptosis, maintained retinal structure, and preserved retinal function in a mouse model of retinal degeneration. The upregulation of antioxidative genes and metabolic reprogramming contributed to the beneficial effects of Pt NPs on retinal survival.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elisabetta Catalani, Federica Silvestri, Silvia Bongiorni, Anna Rita Taddei, Giuseppina Fanelli, Sara Rinalducci, Clara De Palma, Cristiana Perrotta, Giorgio Prantera, Davide Cervia
Summary: High-sucrose diets inducing hyperglycemia in fruit flies lead to eye defects, apoptosis/autophagy dysregulation, oxidative stress, and visual dysfunctions. These findings suggest that a simple in vivo model like the fruit fly can be used to study the pathophysiology of neuroretinal alterations in early stages of diabetic retinopathy.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yumeng Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhao, Xiaohuan Zhao, Hai Xie, Chaoyang Zhang, Xiaodong Sun, Jingfa Zhang
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a key role in retinal degenerative diseases, and the exact function of HMGB2 in these diseases is still unknown. This study found that HMGB2 expression increased in the retina after light exposure and was released into the cytoplasm. In cell experiments, HMGB2 inhibited the expression of antioxidant proteins Nrf2 and HO-1 and induced pyroptosis-related signaling pathway. Further experiments showed that silencing HMGB2 increased cell viability and protected photoreceptors in a mouse model.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali Raza Khan, Wardah Azhar, Junyu Wu, Zaid Ulhassan, Abdul Salam, Syed Hassan Raza Zaidi, Shuaiqi Yang, Ge Song, Yinbo Gan
Summary: The study demonstrates that ZnO NPs cause toxicity in rice seedlings, with ethylene playing a crucial role by upregulating the gene expression of ethylene biosynthesis responsive genes, thereby promoting oxidative stress induced by ZnO NPs. Exogenous application of ethylene signaling and biosynthesis antagonists can reverse the damage induced by ZnO NPs.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Yuelei Dong, Xiaoyu Zhou, Jianwei Zheng, Jingyi Cen, Yuzao Qi, Songhui Lu, Lei Cui
Summary: This study focused on the accumulation of retinal (RAL) in marine algae induced by light and its teratogenic effects on aquatic organisms. The results showed that high-intensity blue light exposure induced RAL accumulation, leading to teratogenic effects on vertebrate fish.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali Raza Khan, Xingming Fan, Abdul Salam, Wardah Azhar, Zaid Ulhassan, Jiaxuan Qi, Fiza Liaquat, Shuaiqi Yang, Yinbo Gan
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of exogenously applied melatonin (MT) in mitigating the toxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on maize seedlings. The results showed that exogenous supply of MT improved plant tolerance, growth and photosynthesis, enhanced antioxidant defense system, and protected chloroplast and stomatal structure under CuO NPs stress. Therefore, the exogenous supply of MT can improve plant growth and yield in CuO NPs-contaminated soils.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feifei Zhao, Sara Whiting, Sarah Lambourne, R. John Aitken, Ying-pu Sun
Summary: The study demonstrates that melatonin can protect human sperm from heat-induced oxidative stress by suppressing sperm mitochondrial ROS generation, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE formation, and decreasing sperm DNA damage and apoptosis. This suggests melatonin as a potential treatment option for male infertility caused by heat-induced oxidative stress.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Hongtao Shen, Jing Li, Tyler Heisler-Taylor, Ryan Makin, Huan Yang, Timur A. Mavlyutov, Bradley Gelfand, Colleen M. Cebulla, Lian-Wang Guo
Summary: The absence of TMEM97 in RPE cells disrupts redox-balancing systems, leading to increased oxidative stress and loss of photoreceptors. TMEM97 KO also affects proteins crucial to mitochondrial and lysosomal stability, as well as impeding autophagy flux.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Martinez-Vacas, Johnny Di Pierdomenico, Francisco J. Valiente-Soriano, Manuel Vidal-Sanz, Serge Picaud, Maria Paz Villegas-Perez, Diego Garcia-Ayuso
Summary: In this study, we investigated the effects of taurine deficiency on glial cell activation and oxidative stress. The results showed that taurine deficiency caused cell damage in various layers of the retina and increased the susceptibility of photoreceptor outer segments to light damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liyin Wang, Xin Yu, Dongyan Zhang, Yingying Wen, Liyue Zhang, Yutong Xia, Jinbo Chen, Chen Xie, Hong Zhu, Jianping Tong, Ye Shen
Summary: Long-term exposure to blue light can cause oxidative stress and damage to the retinas of mice, particularly the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Destruction and dysfunction of mitochondria occur in RPE cells both in vivo and in vitro after blue light exposure. Mitochondrial dynamics are disrupted, leading to fusion-related obstruction.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ming Yang, Michelle Grace Tsui, Jessica Kwan Wun Tsang, Rajesh Kumar Goit, Kwok-Ming Yao, Kwok-Fai So, Wai-Ching Lam, Amy Cheuk Yin Lo
Summary: This study reveals that both the GSH-GPx-4 and FSP1-CoQ(10)-NADH pathways inhibit retinal ferroptosis in RPE degeneration, suggesting potential treatment targets for RPE degenerative disorders.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guang-Ping Zou, Tao Wang, Jin-Xing Xiao, Xiao-Yu Wang, Li-Ping Jiang, Fang-Fang Tou, Zhi-Ping Chen, Xin-Hui Qu, Xiao-Jian Han
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration, a common cause of blindness in the elderly, is primarily attributed to oxidative stress and dysregulated autophagy in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Lactate has been found to act as a signaling molecule that protects against oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of lactate against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration. The results showed that lactate alleviated oxidative stress-induced cell death and retinal degeneration by activating autophagy and preserving mitochondrial function.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Annalisa Altera, Virginia Barone, Ivanela Kondova, Jan A. M. Langermans, Mariangela Gentile, Carmen Pin, Claudio Nicoletti, Eugenio Bertelli
Summary: The study revealed a novel arrangement of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ICPSER) in the RPE of primates, with significant increases in ICPSER cells in the fovea and parafovea upon light exposure. This unique feature may be related to the primate retina's structure or diurnal habits, suggesting a function in protection from photo-oxidation or enhanced visual pigments regeneration.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weizhuo Lu, Zhiwu Chen, Jiyue Wen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a common and serious disease, and neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in its progression. Microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating immune cells are involved in the complicated neuroinflammation cascade, releasing different molecules that affect inflammation. Flavonoids, plant-specific compounds, have shown protective effects against cerebral ischemia injury by modulating the inflammatory responses.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2024)