Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Guangying Du, Shuzhi Ma, Xiaoyin Zhu, Pengfei Yu, Xin Yu, Ye Liang, Xin Shao, Baiping Sun, Changlin Dou, Hongbo Wang, Jingwei Tian
Summary: LY01008 is a biosimilar of Avastin, and non-clinical studies have shown that LY01008 has similar pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects, as well as comparable safety profile, to Avastin.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Neetu Singh, Surender Singh Yadav, Sanjiv Kumar, Balasubramaniam Narashiman
Summary: Trigonella foenum-graecum is widely used for culinary and clinical purposes. It has pharmacological effects attributed to its diverse phytoconstituents. Nanoparticle synthesis can enhance its pharmacological efficacy. Clinical studies have validated its therapeutic potential in diabetes and reproductive health.
Review
Plant Sciences
Xia Li, Ziwei Tang, Li Wen, Cen Jiang, Quansheng Feng
Summary: Sophora flavescens, known as Dogel ebs, is a traditional Mongolian herbal medicine with various pharmacological effects like anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties mediated by matrine. Despite its potential benefits, concerns about toxicity and bioavailability exist, highlighting the need for further research to understand its mechanism and enhance therapeutic potential.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bin Zeng, Ailing Wei, Qiang Zhou, Minghao Yuan, Kelu Lei, Yushi Liu, Jiawen Song, Li Guo, Qiang Ye
Summary: Andrographis paniculata, known as "Chuan Xin Lian" in China, is a widely used herb in traditional Chinese medicine for various ailments. Its main active compound, andrographolide, has multiple therapeutic actions, but there is a lack of systematic summaries on its specific mechanisms, safety issues, and clinical transformation bottlenecks. Further research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yingchao Zhu, Yu Lai
Summary: This article mainly reviews the important anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral mechanisms of saikosaponins, which are medicinal monomers with a triterpene tricyclic structure. Saikosaponin A exerts anti-inflammatory effects by modulating cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid metabolism. Saikosaponin D inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis and autophagy, showing antitumor effects. Saikosaponins also have potential as anti-addiction, anxiolytic, and antidepressant treatments.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Nuan Zhang, Jun He, Cong-Yuan Xia, Wen-Wen Lian, Yu Yan, Kang Ding, Ya-Yao Zhang, Jie-Kun Xu, Wei-Ku Zhang
Summary: The Stellera genus, which consists of several species of perennial herbs and shrubs mainly found in temperate regions of East Asia to West Asia, has been traditionally used for treating various ailments. The plants contain chemical constituents with potential pharmacological activities, but caution is needed due to their toxic nature. Further research is required to fully understand the medical applications, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, clinical uses, and toxicology of the Stellera genus.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Qi Wang, Ying Li, Kun-Wei Li, Chang-Zheng Zhou
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological, molecular mechanism, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity studies of sophoridine. Sophoridine exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, myocardialprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. However, it also has serious adverse effects, primarily neurotoxicity and acute toxicity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Xie, Changhong Wang
Summary: Polyacetylenes are small active compounds with carbon-carbon triple bond that widely exist in plants. They have diverse biofunctions such as tumor suppression, immunity regulation, depression resistance, and neural protection. This review systematically and comprehensively reconstructs data on the occurrence, pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics of polyacetylenes from herbal medicine, aiming to support their curative potential and healthcare properties. Polyacetylenes have been found to possess multiple biological activities, including antitumor, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and anti-depression activities. As important bioactive components of herbal medicine, polyacetylenes show pharmacological curative potential against carcinomas, inflammatory responses, central nervous system disorders, endocrine disorders, and microbial infections. However, further research on the toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and molecular mechanisms of polyacetylenes is still limited and needs to be conducted intensively.
Review
Plant Sciences
Yabin Gao, Hang Fan, Anzheng Nie, Kang Yang, Haiyan Xing, Zhiqing Gao, Liujie Yang, Zheng Wang, Linqi Zhang
Summary: This paper reviews the research progress on the pharmacokinetics, physiological and pathological processes of aconitine, and discusses promising research directions and detoxification methods.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Hanze Liu, Changhong Wang
Summary: Genus Asarum has been widely used as herbal medicine, particularly Asari Radix et Rhizoma, with functions of dispelling cold, relieving pain and reducing phlegm. Over 277 compounds have been identified from genus Asarum, with volatile oil and lignans as major active constituents. Modern studies have shown pharmacological effects including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protection, antitussive, immunosuppressive, anti-tumor, and microbicidal activities, indicating therapeutic potential in various conditions.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Consolata Nanjala, Wyclif Ochieng Odago, Peninah Cheptoo Rono, Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa, Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda, Millicent Akinyi Oulo, Felix Wambua Muema, Vincent Okelo Wanga, Elijah Mbandi Mkala, Josiah Kuja, Moses Mucugi Njire, Guang-Wan Hu
Summary: The genus Didymocarpus is widely used in traditional medicine in Asian countries and has shown various pharmacological activities, including antiurolithiatic, nephro-protective, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, wound healing, and antioxidant activities. However, further studies on the pharmacology and toxicology of these species are needed to ensure their safety, efficacy, and quality.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Entomology
David L. Findley, Michael D. Berquist, Michael D. Hambuchen
Summary: Studies on invertebrate animals like Periplaneta americana showed that methamphetamine can increase locomotion and lethality in these species. The LD50 of methamphetamine in these cockroaches was found to be significantly higher than in rats. High doses of methamphetamine led to a decrease in locomotor activity in surviving cockroaches.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
David M. Fairlamb, Bela Kelety, Anke Bachert, Anika Scholtissek, Richard D. Jones, Stephen C. Davis, Robert S. Kirsner
Summary: A recombinant proteolytic enzyme derived from maggot saliva has been studied for its potential use as a debridement agent for chronic wounds. The enzyme has been found to have a good safety profile and is rapidly inactivated in the systemic circulation. In-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown that the enzyme has fibrinolytic action and additional proteolytic action against collagen and elastin, making it a promising candidate for clinical use.
INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ya-Nan Li, Jun He, Jia Zhang, Ying-Xue Shi, Lin-Bo Guo, Zhong-Can Peng, Ting Yang, Kang Ding, Wei-Ku Zhang, Jie-Kun Xu
Summary: Euphorbia fischeriana has been identified as a toxic herb with medicinal uses for various conditions. A total of 241 chemical constituents have been found in its roots, exhibiting various pharmacological activities, especially anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-leukemia activities. Further research on its toxicity and pharmacological mechanisms may contribute to the development of more effective lead compounds.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Qi Zheng, Shuo Li, Xiaojiaoyang Li, Runping Liu
Summary: Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, also known as rhubarb or Da Huang, has been utilized as a spice and traditional herbal medicine for centuries. Emodin, a major bioactive component extracted from rhubarb, has shown various health benefits in treating immune-inflammatory abnormalities, tumor progression, infections, and metabolic syndrome. Studies have elucidated the multiple therapeutic mechanisms of emodin, making it a promising option for immune and inflammation abnormalities, organ fibrosis, malignancies, infections, and endocrine disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lola Torz, Kristoffer Niss, Sofia Lundh, Jens C. Rekling, Carlos Damian Quintana, Signe Emilie Dannulat Frazier, Aaron J. Mercer, Anda Cornea, Charlotte Vinther Bertelsen, Marina Kjaergaard Gerstenberg, Ann Maria Kruse Hansen, Mette Guldbrandt, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Linu Mary John, J. Carlos Villaescusa, Natalia Petersen
Summary: Restoring control of food intake is crucial for obesity management. NPFF has the potential to reduce food intake by inhibiting ARC NPY neurons, suggesting its therapeutic potential in obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anders N. Myken, Bjorn H. Ebdrup, Mikkel E. Sorensen, Brian Broberg, Martin W. Skjerbaek, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Mette O. Nielsen
Summary: The study found that patients with schizophrenia and psychosis had lower levels of vitamin C, and higher baseline levels of vitamin C were associated with improvement in negative symptoms. More randomized clinical trials should be conducted in the future to test the potential adjunctive effect of vitamin C on treatment response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anitra C. Carr, Gladys Block, Jens Lykkesfeldt
Summary: This study suggests that individuals with higher body weights may need to consume additional vitamin C to reach comparable levels as lighter individuals, potentially underscoring the inadequacy of current recommendations for higher body weight individuals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vivi F. H. Jensen, Anne-Marie Molck, Jette Nowak, Johannes J. Fels, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Ingrid B. Bogh
Summary: Prolonged hypoglycemia inactivates beta-cells, but they can be rapidly reactivated when needed, demonstrating the high plasticity of beta-cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Christina Mortensen, Karina Dahl Steffensen, Emma Simonsen, Kamille Herskind, Jonna Skov Madsen, Dorte Aalund Olsen, Ditte Bork Iversen, Troels Korshoj Bergmann, Anton Pottegard, Tore Bjerregaard Stage
Summary: Using a translational approach, this study assessed the utility of neurofilament light chain (NFL) as a biomarker for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) in a human cell model and in ovarian cancer patients, finding that high serum NFL levels predicted adverse outcomes related to PIPN.
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Julie Rudbech Krumborg, Nicolaj Mikkelsen, Per Damkier, Zandra Nymand Ennis, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Mads Lillevang-Johansen, Sidsel Arnspang Pedersen, Troels K. Bergmann
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Katrina Jogvansdottir Gradel, Stephanie K. K. Holm, Sarah Byberg, Myrte Merkestein, Wouter Frederik Johan Hogendorf, Mari Lilith Lund, Jesse Arnold Buijink, Jesper Damgaard, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Birgitte Holst
Summary: Ghrelin is a key hormone regulating energy balance, while LEAP2 acts as an endogenous antagonist of the GHSR. This study found that different meal challenges and diets can regulate the expression and secretion of LEAP2 in the small intestine and liver.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emil List Larsen, Andreas Andersen, Laura K. Kjaer, Mie K. Eickhoff, Marie Frimodt-Moller, Frederik Persson, Peter Rossing, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Filip K. Knop, Tina Vilsboll, Jorgen Rungby, Henrik E. Poulsen
Summary: Animal studies have shown that SGLT2 inhibition decreases oxidative stress, which may explain the cardiovascular protective effects observed following SGLT2 inhibition treatment. This study investigated the effects of two and twelve weeks of SGLT2 inhibition on DNA and RNA oxidation, and found that longer-term dapagliflozin treatment decreased DNA oxidation.
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anitra C. Carr, Jens Lykkesfeldt
Summary: The study examines the relationship between vitamin C dose and concentration, specifically in relation to age and smoking status. It found that while vitamin C intake was similar across age groups, older individuals had significantly lower circulating vitamin C concentrations. This effect was more pronounced in non-smokers and suggests that older individuals may be more sensitive to low vitamin C intake, possibly due to the effects of long-term smoking and increased chronic disease prevalence.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kamilla Pedersen, David Hojland Ipsen, Josephine Skat-Rordam, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Pernille Tveden-Nyborg
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high-fat diets based on coconut oil or cocoa butter on glucose homeostasis and NASH in guinea pigs. The results showed that a diet high in long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) promoted metabolic imbalance and accelerated NASH-associated hepatic fibrosis. The study highlights the importance of evaluating fatty acid composition when investigating NASH-related endpoints.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anitra C. Carr, Jens Lykkesfeldt
Summary: In this study, the relationship between vitamin C status and demographic and lifestyle factors was investigated using NHANES 2017-2018 datasets. It was found that gender, smoking, and body weight have significant impacts on vitamin C requirements. Males and smokers require higher vitamin C intakes to achieve adequate serum concentrations. Overall, the general population should consume around 110 mg/day of vitamin C, smokers require approximately 165 mg/day, and heavier individuals (100+ kg) require about 155 mg/day to reach comparable vitamin C concentrations.
Article
Cell Biology
Kirsten L. Wahlstrom, Hannah F. Hansen, Madeline Kvist, Jakob Burcharth, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Ismail Gogenur, Sarah Ekeloef
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction occurs due to inflammation and excessive reactive oxygen species production during surgical stress. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) may have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, but it did not affect endothelial function or markers of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability until 24 hours after sub-acute laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical removal of the inflamed gallbladder reduced markers of NO bioavailability and oxidative stress caused by acute cholecystitis.
Article
Oncology
N. H. Paulsen, P. Pfeiffer, M. Ewertz, S. Feddersen, H. S. Holm, T. K. Bergmann, C. Qvortrup, P. Damkier
Summary: The study aimed to compare the frequency of grade >3 FP-TOX before and after the implementation of DPYD genotyping. The results showed that the overall frequency of grade >3 FP-TOX was 27% in the DPYD genotype-guided group compared to 24% in the historical cohort. DPYD genotyping reduced the frequency of FP-related hospitalization from 19% to 0% in DPYD variant carriers. In wild-type patients, those with uracil >16 ng/mL had a higher frequency of FP-TOX than those with uracil <16 ng/mL.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pernille Tveden-Nyborg, Troels K. Bergmann, Niels Jessen, Ulf Simonsen, Jens Lykkesfeldt
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
