Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Joslyn Gober, Sruthi P. Thomas, David R. Gater
Summary: This manuscript discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, prevention, and management strategies for pediatric spina bifida and spinal cord injury. Growing and developing children are at high risk for spinal cord tethering, syringomyelia, and other complications that must be addressed carefully. Proper management of neurogenic bladder and neurogenic bowel is crucial for both medical safety and psychosocial integration into the child's expanding social circle.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nathalie Elisabeth Perez, Neha Pradyumna Godbole, Katherine Amin, Raveen Syan, David R. Gater
Summary: This article discusses the common causes and physiological abnormalities that can lead to urinary incontinence after spinal cord injury. It also explores the pathophysiology associated with spinal cord injury, including the diagnosis and treatment of autonomic dysreflexia and the risks to the kidneys and ureters. The article also reviews recent guidelines on the diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of neurogenic bladder, as well as the available management options.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Karina Kirby, Sidharth Pancholi, Zada Anderson, Caroline Chesler, Thomas H. Everett, Bradley S. Duerstock
Summary: Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a condition that affects around 70% of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and can have serious consequences if not detected and managed promptly. Currently, continuous blood pressure monitoring is used as the gold standard for AD detection, but it can be inconvenient. Therefore, a non-invasive detection device would be valuable for rapid and continuous AD detection.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Kawami Cao, Anibal Bohorquez, Tom E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe cardiovascular dysfunction, and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is one of the causes of high blood pressure in SCI patients. Recently, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been considered as a potential intervention to alleviate unstable blood pressure after SCI. This case series demonstrates the real-time effect of epidural SCS (eSCS) at the lumbosacral spinal cord in mitigating AD in individuals with SCI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Marisa A. Jeffries, Veronica J. Tom
Summary: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) exhibit increased susceptibility to infection due to immune dysfunction, which is characterized by immunosuppression and chronic inflammation. Recent research has identified altered sympathetic input to lymphoid organs post-SCI as a key instigator of immune dysfunction, resulting in secondary effects that exacerbate immune pathology. Promising therapies, such as modulation of neuroimmune activity, have shown potential to improve regulation of peripheral immune function in SCI individuals to enhance resistance to deadly infections.
Article
Physiology
Tristan W. Dorey, Matthias Walter, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: The study examined the effects of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections on heart rate and heart rate variability in individuals with spinal cord injury during urodynamic studies. It was found that the injections led to improvements in autonomic nervous system function, resulting in reduced abnormalities in heart rate responses.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Diana M. M. Molinares, David R. R. Gater, Scott Daniel, Nicole L. L. Pontee
Summary: This article discusses the essential role of the spinal cord in the central nervous system and the various complications that arise after traumatic and nontraumatic spinal cord injuries. It also outlines the pathophysiology and classification of nontraumatic spinal cord injuries, and provides management strategies.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nora Civicos Sanchez, Marian Acera, Ane Murueta-Goyena, Nagore Sagastibeltza, Raquel Martinez, Montserrat Cuadrado, Arrate Orueta, Beatriz Tijero, Tamara Fernandez, Rocio Del Pino, Inigo Gabilondo, Maria Luisa Jauregui Abrisqueta, Juan Carlos Gomez Esteban
Summary: Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a life-threatening condition in individuals with cervical or high-thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI). This study found a high incidence of AD in SCI patients, with 63.6% of them being asymptomatic during episodes. AD patients showed a decrease in sympathetic outflow and increased baroreflex sensitivity, leading to a higher occurrence of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Non-invasively measured autonomic parameters were proposed as a powerful clinical tool to predict AD in SCI patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Rahul Sachdeva, Tamila Kalimullina, Kiran Pawar, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: Spinal cord injury can lead to severe cardiovascular dysfunction and autonomic dysreflexia during bowel routine. The use of lidocaine jelly in bowel care is an effective method to reduce sensory input and significantly decrease the severity of autonomic dysreflexia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Inderjeet S. Sahota, Vera-Ellen M. Lucci, Maureen S. McGrath, H. J. C. (Rianne) Ravensbergen, Victoria E. Claydon
Summary: This study assessed the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular responses of individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) undergoing urodynamic testing (UDS) and their association with autonomic injury. The results showed that UDS can lead to severe autonomic dysfunction and increased risk of arrhythmia, highlighting the need for continued monitoring during UDS.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Cindy W. Kyi, Virginia B. Garcia, Michael L. Garcia, David J. Schulz
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) has significant impacts on autonomic function, but little is known about its effects on autonomic neurons that directly innervate the affected areas. This study investigated the cellular changes associated with SCI in downstream neurons. Understanding these off-target impacts of SCI is critical for effective restoration of function through neuromodulation or pharmacological therapeutic approaches.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Silvia Fernandes, Emily Oatman, Jeremy Weinberger, Alethia Dixon, Patrick Osei-Owusu, Shaoping Hou
Summary: High-level spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts autonomic control, leading to an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. This study using a rat model found that rats with T2/3 injury exhibited reduced heart rate variability, decreased sympathetic and increased parasympathetic outflow to the heart, and were more susceptible to severe arrhythmias during autonomic dysreflexia induction. These findings suggest that compromised autonomic homeostasis contributes to the development of cardiac arrhythmias in high-level SCI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hiroyuki Mizuno, Fumiaki Honda, Hayato Ikota, Yuhei Yoshimoto
Summary: This case report describes a recurrent autonomic dysreflexia case associated with a cervical spinal cord tumor, presenting as paroxysmal hypertension and seizures. The patient underwent radiotherapy and died approximately 3 months after treatment initiation.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Abanoub Aziz Rizk, Marina Saad, Mandeep Singh, Bernhard Schaller, Lashmi Venkatraghavan, Tumul Chowdhury
Summary: Quadriplegia patients undergoing surgery are prone to a variety of health complications, including autonomic dysreflexia, cardiac ischemia, and respiratory compromise. There is currently no clear consensus on the ideal anesthesia management technique for this patient population, and further research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms involved in perioperative complications.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shane J. T. Balthazaar, Tom E. Nightingale, Katharine D. Currie, Christopher R. West, Teresa S. M. Tsang, Matthias Walter, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) experience significant changes in cardiac structure and function from 3 to 6 months post-injury, while individuals with thoracolumbar SCI do not. Early rehabilitation is needed to minimize cardiac consequences in this specific population.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giovanni Benfari, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Gorm Jensen, Peter Schnohr, Rasmus Mogelvang, Stefano Nistri, Tor Biering-Sorensen
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Annette Halvorsen, Aslak Steinsbekk, Annelie Schedin Leiulfsrud, Marcel W. M. Post, Fin Biering-Sorensen, Kristine Pape
Summary: This study investigated the impact of spinal cord injury on labour market participation using data from the Norwegian SCI registry. The results showed that individuals with SCI had significantly lower rates of employment compared to the control group up to six years after injury.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel Modin, Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Ankeet S. Bhatt, Simin Gharib Lee, Brian L. Claggett, Erica L. Dueger, Sandrine I. Samson, Matthew M. Loiacono, Lars Kober, Scott D. Solomon, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Jens Ulrik Staehr Jensen, Cyril Jean-Marie Martel, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Tyra Grove Krause, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: Digital behavioral nudges, such as electronic letters, emphasizing the potential cardiovascular benefits of influenza vaccination and using a reminder letter strategy, were found to be effective in increasing influenza vaccine uptake among older adults both with and without cardiovascular disease.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mats C. Hojbjerg Lassen, Daniel Modin, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Brian Claggett, Scott D. Solomon, Michael Fralick, Jens Ulrik Staehr Jensen, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Manan Pareek, Morten Schou, Tyra Grove Krause, Anders Hviid, Lars Kober, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar Gislason, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Daniel Modin, Lene Nielsen, Jens Ulrik Staehr Jensen, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: The link between influenza infection and cardiovascular morbidity has been established for almost a century. This review explores the cardiovascular complications associated with influenza and the possible mechanisms behind this relationship. The most common complications include cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and heart failure hospitalization. Proposed mechanisms include direct cardiac infection, endothelial dysfunction, hypoxemia, and systemic inflammatory responses. The significance of each mechanism and whether influenza directly or indirectly causes cardiovascular events remains uncertain.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Ankeet S. Bhatt, Simin Gharib Lee, Daniel Modin, Brian L. Claggett, Erica L. Dueger, Sandrine Samson, Matthew M. Loiacono, Rebecca C. Harris, Lars Kober, Scott D. Solomon, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Jens Ulrik Staehr Jensen, Cyril Jean-Marie Martel, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Tyra Grove Krause, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of two behavioral nudging letter strategies on influenza vaccination rates in patients with heart failure (HF). The results showed that the vaccination rate in HF patients was relatively low, but the behavioral nudging letter strategies were effective in increasing the vaccination rate and had no negative impact on the use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in the long term.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Valdemar Romer, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Josefin Ekloef, Susanne D. Nielsen, Zitta B. Harboe, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Theis Itenov, Jens-Ulrik S. Jensen
Summary: This study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection was not associated with an increased risk of psychiatric admissions in the general population of Denmark. However, there was an increased risk of de novo prescription of psychoactive medication among infected individuals.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tor Biering-Sorensen, Maja Cikes, Mats C. H. Lassen, Brian Claggett, Masatoshi Minamisawa, Angela B. S. Santos, Elisabeth Pieske-Kraigher, Amil M. Shah, Michael R. Zile, John J. McMurray, Scott D. Solomon, Susan Cheng
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether regional differences in impaired myocardial function contribute to the greater mechanical dysfunction seen in HFPEF compared to HHD.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Christian Kjer Heerfordt, Josefin Eklof, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Truls Sylvan Ingebrigtsen, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Zitta Barrella Harboe, Jesper Koefod Petersen, Christian Ostergaard Andersen, Jonas Bredtoft Boel, Anne Kathrine Bock, Alexander G. Mathioudakis, John R. Hurst, Shailesh Kolekar, Sofie Lock Johansson, Jette Marie Bangsborg, Jens Otto Jarlov, Ram Benny Dessau, Christian Borbjerg Laursen, Michael Perch, Jens-Ulrik Staehr Jensen
Summary: This study found that the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia. Furthermore, the risk of pneumonia is dose-dependent, with higher doses of ICS associated with higher risk. Caution should be exercised when administering high doses of ICS to patients with COPD, as low doses do not seem to carry this risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Emilie K. Frimodt-Moller, Eric Vittinghoff, Gurbani Kaur, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Gregory M. Marcus
Summary: This post hoc analysis found that targeting intensive blood pressure control was associated with a lower risk of developing left ventricular conduction disease.
Article
Immunology
Jorge Jacob, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Lars Holger Ehlers, Christina H. Edwards, Kristin Greve-Isdahl Mohn, Anna Nilsson, Jonas Hjelmgren, Wenkang Ma, Yuvraj Sharma, Emanuele Ciglia, Joaquin Mould-Quevedo
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the MF59 (R)-adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIV) compared to the traditional standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (SD-QIV) and the high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (HD-QIV) for adults aged 65 years and above in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The results showed that vaccination with aQIV could prevent a significant number of influenza infections, hospitalizations, and deaths compared to SD-QIV. From a healthcare payer perspective, aQIV was cost-effective in all three countries and was cost saving compared to HD-QIV.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Liv Borum Schops, Morten Sengelov, Daniel Modin, Peter Godsk Jorgensen, Niels Eske Bruun, Thomas Fritz-Hansen, Gunnar Gislason, Emil Wolsk, Morten Schou, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: This study aims to identify clinical and echocardiographic parameters associated with improvement in systolic function in outpatients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), in order to improve targeted treatment and outcomes. The results showed that improvement in systolic function was significantly associated with various echocardiographic parameters as well as heart failure etiology and comorbidities. Furthermore, greater improvement in systolic function was associated with lower mortality risk.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Flemming Javier Olsen, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Mats Christian Hojbjerg Lassen, Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Gorm Boje Jensen, Peter Schnohr, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Sogaard, Gunnar Gislason, Jesper Hastrup Svendsen, Rasmus Mogelvang, John Moene Aalen, Otto Armin Smiseth, Espen Wattenberg Remme, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: This study evaluates the prognostic value of myocardial work indices in the general population. The results indicate that hypertension modifies the association between myocardial work indices and heart failure/cardiovascular death. All work indices are associated with outcome in normotensive participants, whereas only global work efficiency (GWE) predicts outcome in hypertensive participants. Furthermore, GWE improves risk prediction in the hypertensive population.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Katja Vu Bartholdy, Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Nino Landler, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Jesper Jensen, Iain Bressendorff, Morten Schou, Jacob Christensen, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Scott Solomon, Richard Haynes, Frederik Persson, Peter Rossing, Lars Kober, Faiez Zannad, Ditte Hansen, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac structure and function in patients with CKD. The results will provide insights into the cardioprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with CKD.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Saba Manzoor, Mike Colacci, Jason Moggridge, Michelle Gyenes, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Mats Hojbjerg C. Lassen, Fahad Razak, Amol Verma, Shohinee Sarma, Michael Fralick
Summary: Hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients does not always indicate diabetes, and overtreatment can lead to potential harm.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
