Editorial Material
Optics
Sophie Brasselet
Summary: The combination of polarization modulation Fourier analysis and spatial information in a joint reconstruction algorithm for polarization-resolved fluorescence imaging improves spatial resolution and enables sensitive readout of anisotropy in cell samples.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Samira Jadavi, Paolo Bianchini, Ornella Cavalleri, Silvia Dante, Claudio Canale, Alberto Diaspro
Summary: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a nano-mechanical tool used for biological studies at the molecular scale, measuring surface topography, mechanical, and electrical properties. Integrating AFM with super-resolved fluorescence microscopy addresses the resolution mismatch issue, while also utilizing the label-free imaging capabilities of AFM to complement fluorescence images. Recent research highlights the importance of combining these techniques in biological research for better specificity and resolution.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shiraz S. Kaderuppan, Wai Leong Eugene Wong, Anurag Sharma, Wai Lok Woo
Summary: We propose a fast and precise deep-learning architecture, O-Net, for obtaining super-resolved images from conventional optical microscopical techniques. O-Net is a novel deep convolutional neural network that can be trained on both simulated and experimental data. It demonstrates the ability to achieve super-resolved images even under poor signal-to-noise ratios, without requiring prior information on the system's characteristics. Compared to previous deep neural networks, O-Net architecture shows immunity to network hallucination caused by overfitting and is validated through empirical comparison with scanning electron microscope images.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ilya O. Aparin, Rui Yan, Remi Pelletier, Alexander A. Choi, Dmytro I. Danylchuk, Ke Xu, Andrey S. Klymchenko
Summary: This study proposes a concept of ON/OFF switchable probes for super-resolution fluorescence microscopy based on bright cyanine dyes. The new probes provide higher brightness and slower diffusion at the cell surface, improving the localization precision. The study validated the concept and demonstrated the observation of nanoscale cellular structures with enhanced dynamics.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shilpa Tayal, Shubham Tiwari, Dalip Singh Mehta
Summary: We introduce a high-resolution white light quantitative phase nanoscopy (WLQPN) system for visualizing nanoparticles and subcellular features in biological specimens. The system utilizes the five-phase shifting technique and deconvolution to achieve super-resolution phase imaging. Compared to the Fourier analysis method, the phase shifting technique provides full detector resolution. The technique was tested on various samples and showed significant improvement in resolution.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huaiyin Wang, Xingwen Yi, Jing Zhang, Fan Li
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) on coherent optical receivers, specifically for high-order modulation formats. The study explores the differences between intra-symbol and inter-symbol EEPN, as well as the distribution of EEPN on different modulations. Practical carrier phase recovery algorithms are also analyzed and predicted.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Manuel S. Neves, Paulo P. Monteiro, Fernando P. Guiomar
Summary: This article introduces the multi-subcarrier modulation as a notable feature in the latest generation of high-speed coherent optical transceivers, and proposes a novel pilot-based joint-subcarrier CPE method based on a dual-reference subcarrier approach. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method enables near-optimum performance at symbol-rates per subcarrier as low as 1 Gbaud over ultra-long-haul distances.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Xiliang Yang, Minghui Hong
Summary: A new technique is proposed to improve the axial resolution and imaging contrast of a reflection mode confocal microscope, utilizing a 50 μm silica microsphere and an adjustable pinhole to achieve high-resolution imaging. The setup demonstrates success in imaging performance by enhancing both the focusing of illumination and the collection of light.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Toni Haugwitz, Niels Neumann, Dirk Plettemeier
Summary: This study investigates the optical scattering behavior of an artificial plasmonic molecule formed by a linear arrangement of three gold nanobars on a glass substrate. By modifying the near-field coupling effect, it demonstrates an increase in the feedback of optically induced coherent mechanical oscillations. The research also highlights the differences compared to isolated plasmonic nanostructures, particularly in the near-infrared spectral range, and presents the behavior of coherent acoustic vibrations in such artificial plasmonic molecules at an optical carrier wavelength of 1560nm.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Luis E. Villegas-Hernandez, Vishesh Dubey, Mona Nystad, Jean-Claude Tinguely, David A. Coucheron, Firehun T. Dullo, Anish Priyadarshi, Sebastian Acuna, Azeem Ahmad, Jose M. Mateos, Gery Barmettler, Urs Ziegler, Asa Birna Birgisdottir, Aud-Malin Karlsson Hovd, Kristin Andreassen Fenton, Ganesh Acharya, Krishna Agarwal, Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia
Summary: This study introduces a photonic chip as a high-throughput microscopy platform for super-resolution imaging of histological samples. It demonstrates diverse imaging capabilities and paves the way for the adoption of super-resolution high-throughput multimodal analysis of cryopreserved tissue samples.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Archita Hati, Craig W. Nelson
Summary: We propose a simple method for adjusting the in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) Armstrong-type modulator as a calibrator for precision noise metrology. The method can correct for the phase and amplitude imbalance in IQ modulators without the need for a calibrated IQ demodulator. Calibration results show that the modulator can provide high-purity AM/PM signals with spurious modulations as low as 1 ppm when used as a calibrator for a PM and AM noise measurement system.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yijing Zhang, Phil Surman, Sailing He
Summary: This paper introduces a resolution-enhanced system for digital micromirror device (DMD) projected images using time multiplexing and birefringence, with the aim of achieving high resolution display with static components only. The system provides a less expensive solution than reducing hardware pixel size and can be applied to higher resolution displays. The functioning of the system is verified through enlarged images of the letter 'R' and a checkerboard pattern formed from a small number of DMD pixels.
Article
Geography, Physical
Jemil Avers Butt, David Salido-Monzu, Andreas Wieser
Summary: Distance measurement based on the accumulated phase of intensity-modulated continuous-wave lasers is a precise method for pointwise geometry acquisition. However, the performance of these systems is limited by signal mixing caused by different delays. This study proposes an algorithm based on mixed integer linear programming to address the signal mixing and mixed pixel detection issues in multi-wavelength phase-based distance estimation. The results demonstrate the reliability of the proposed method and its ability to identify mixed pixel affected measurements.
ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jun Yang, Hongxu Liu, Fanda Zeng, Chenxu Zhang, Jian Xu, Linguo Lu, Yanan Wang, Jinyu Bao, Xucong Sun, Shansheng Yu, Hongwei Tian
Summary: By adjusting the film thickness and annealing time, this study successfully prepared VO2 thin films with excellent optical performance, showing promising potential for a wide range of applications.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Brian Sinquin, Marco Romanelli, Steve Bouhier, Ludovic Frein, Mehdi Alouini, Marc Vallet
Summary: A direct-modulation OEO capable of generating stable 10 GHz and 20 GHz signals was presented, utilizing both single and dual loop approaches. The output signal exhibited high RF power and low phase noise, with a reduction in spurious levels in the dual loop architecture.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthieu Starck, Jack D. Fradgley, Robert Pal, Jurriaan M. Zwier, Laurent Lamarque, David Parker
Summary: A set of four luminescent Eu-III complexes with an extended aryl-alkynylpyridine chromophore have been studied, showing significant differences in pH-dependent behavior in their absorption and emission spectral response. The best-behaved probe exhibited no significant emission dependence on the concentration of endogenous cations, reductants, and serum albumin, and was able to monitor time-dependent lysosomal acidification effectively. Through optimization of the 'switch-on' intensity ratio, enhancement factors between 250 to 1330 were measured between pH 8 and 4.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lewis E. MacKenzie, Robert Pal
Summary: This review discusses the challenges and potential of using lanthanide-based, circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) security inks, including their photophysical properties, technological advances, and candidate discussion. These security inks may become important elements in global commerce and security in the future.
NATURE REVIEWS CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Poppy O. Smith, Dominic J. Black, Robert Pal, Joao Avo, Fernando B. Dias, Victoria L. Linthwaite, Martin J. Cann, Lars-Olof Palsson
Summary: A new method for delivering TADF complexes using liposomes was developed, showing successful uptake and intracellular localisation in HepG2 cells. The study demonstrated the removal of molecular oxygen during liposome preparation without disrupting their structure. Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy revealed a weak but detectable delayed fluorescence component in internalised liposomal TADF in HepG2 cells.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
King-Him Yim, Chi-Tung Yeung, Michael R. Probert, Wesley Ting Kwok Chan, Lewis E. Mackenzie, Robert Pal, Wing-Tak Wong, Ga-Lai Law
Summary: The study investigates the impact of ionic radii and linker length on the formation of lanthanide supramolecular complexes, revealing that the supramolecular transformation is governed by both the ionic radii as well as the ligand design. Controlled formation of helicates or tetrahedron shaped cages is achieved by adjusting the interplay between the metal ionic radius and the ligand composition.
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrycja Stachelek, Lewis MacKenzie, David Parker, Robert Pal
Summary: The authors introduce a live-cell imaging system using chiroptical contrast, enabling the study of chiral interactions. They demonstrate simultaneous imaging of enantiomeric pairs of molecular probes emitting circularly polarised light, using both single and two-photon excitation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lewis E. MacKenzie, Diana Alvarez-Ruiz, Robert Pal
Summary: In this study, alpha-phase NaYF4:Yb,Er,Mn upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were synthesized using a more convenient method. The synthesis requires lower temperatures and reaction time, and the resulting UCNPs can disperse in water and organic solvents and undergo further surface modification. The optimized co-doping level greatly enhances red emission.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
P. Torok, D. Schmidt, Z. Batori, E. Aradi, A. Kelemen, A. A. Habenczyus, P. Diaz Cando, C. Tolgyesi, R. W. Pal, N. Balogh, E. Toth, G. Matus, J. Taborska, G. Sramko, L. Laczko, S. Jordan, A. McIntosh-Buday, G. Kovacsics-Vari, J. Sonkoly
Summary: It is crucial to gather information on the distribution, characteristics, and ecological impact of an invasive species like Sporobolus cryptandrus to effectively control its spread. Field surveys in Hungary revealed the species' invasion in disturbed sand grasslands, dunes, and natural habitats, affecting vegetation composition and seed bank formation. The species' ability to form a persistent seed bank and its negative impact on species richness highlight the importance of further research on its origin, competitive ability, and suppression methods.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rebecca G. Clarke, Jake Weatherston, Rafid A. Taj-Aldeen, Paul G. Waddell, William McFarlane, Thomas J. Penfold, Jonathan Bogaerts, Wouter Herrebout, Lewis E. Mackenzie, Robert Pal, Michael J. Hall
Summary: A method for the synthesis of helically chiral BODIPY dyes and preparation of a series of helically chiral BODIPYs with different substituents has been reported in this study. Absolute stereochemistry was determined by comparing experimental and calculated spectra, and solution phase chiroptical properties were characterized.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Davide F. De Rosa, Patrycja Stachelek, Dominic J. Black, Robert Pal
Summary: Circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) has gained popularity in life and material sciences. CPL active luminescent lanthanide complexes are being developed due to their unique properties, but their application in intelligent security inks is limited due to lack of suitable instrumentation. This study presents a solution: an all solid-state CPL camera for ad hoc time-resolved enantioselective differential chiral contrast-based photography.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ross Birch, Jochen Bruckbauer, Marta Gajewska, Grzegorz Cios, Robert Pal, Lewis E. MacKenzie
Summary: This research indicates that the molecular weight and relative amount of PVP can greatly influence the morphology and diameter of NaYF4:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). Reducing the quantity of PVP can result in a greater range of UCNP diameters and the production of unexpected rhombus-shaped UCNPs. The study highlights the importance of carefully considering PVP content in the synthesis of UCNPs.
METHODS AND APPLICATIONS IN FLUORESCENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Osama El-Zubir, Pablo Rojas Martinez, Gema Dura, Cameron Doherty, Fabio Cucinotta, Lewis E. E. Mackenzie, Robert Pal, Benjamin R. R. Horrocks, Andrew Houlton
Summary: An RNA-based coordination polymer [Cu-I(mu(3)-S-thioG)](n) 1 is formed by aqueous reaction of Cu-I ions with (-)6-thioguanosine (6tGH). The polymer has a one-dimensional structure based on a [Cu-4-S-4] core and undergoes hierarchical self-assembly from oligomeric chains -> rod -> cable -> bundle, resulting in the formation of a fibrous gel that syneresises to form a self-supporting mass. The assembly involves the formation of helical cables/bundles and, together with the intrinsic photoemission of the polymer, exhibits circularly polarised luminescence (CPL).
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Davide F. De Rosa, Matthieu Starck, David Parker, Robert Pal
Summary: This article investigates the factors affecting the circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) emission profiles of europium(III)-based CPL emitters. It highlights the importance of solvent polarity, ligand field changes, and the nature of coordinating donor atoms in these complexes. The research shows that these complexes can accurately probe local polarity.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Josue Jimenez, Ruth Prieto-Montero, Sergio Serrano, Patrycja Stachelek, Esther Rebollar, Beatriz L. Maroto, Florencio Moreno, Virginia Martinez-Martinez, Robert Pal, Inmaculada Garcia-Moreno, Santiago de la Moya
Summary: The development from BINOL moieties to O-BODIPY dyes paves the way for photonics applications based on triplet excited states of BODIPY dyes.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Osama El-Zubir, Pablo Rojas Martinez, Gema Dura, Lamia L. G. Al-Mahamad, Thomas Pope, Thomas J. Penfold, Lewis E. Mackenzie, Robert Pal, Jackie Mosely, Fabio Cucinotta, Liam F. McGarry, Benjamin R. Horrocks, Andrew Houlton
Summary: This article discusses the properties of a one-dimensional coordination polymer formed by the reaction of Ag(i) ions with the thionucleoside enantiomer. The study found that the resulting polymer has a left-handed helical chain structure and exhibits enhanced chiro-optical response compared to the parent ligand. Experimental results also show that at higher concentrations, the reaction forms a self-repairing hydrogel that exhibits circularly polarised luminescence.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jack D. Fradgley, Andrew T. Frawley, Robert Pal, David Parker
Summary: The examination of total emission and circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) spectra of three 9-coordinate Eu(iii) complexes with well-defined speciation demonstrates that the ligand fields of these C-3 symmetric complexes are highly sensitive to solvent polarity, even if the solvent is not present in the first coordination sphere. The variations in energies, intensities, and sign of transitions with solvent polarity are rationalized through analysis of the factors influencing total and circularly polarised emission, with important implications for the design of responsive luminescent Ln(iii) probes.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
