Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Pawel Kordowitzki, Wing-Hong Jonathan Ho, Dave R. Listijono
Summary: The search for an anti-aging miracle drug is ongoing worldwide, with an increasing number of older women relying on assisted reproductive technologies for pregnancy, resulting in a significant increase in the age of women having their first child.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Palmiro Poltronieri, Valeria Mezzolla, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Maria Di Girolamo
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are common features in many human disorders, with NAD(+) playing a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial and cell functions. Supplementing NAD(+) cycling intermediates and inhibiting sirtuins and ADP-ribosyl transferases may offer a potential therapeutic approach for treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ekaterina Podyacheva, Yana Toropova
Summary: Despite the progress in developing new anticancer strategies, the issue of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity remains unresolved. Nicotinamide riboside, a precursor to NAD(+), shows potential in addressing this problem, although there is limited research on its effects on cardiomyopathy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cuiyan Zhou, Weihai Ying
Summary: This study found that oxidative stress can lead to a decrease in Nampt level, which plays important roles in NAD(+) synthesis and cell survival. The findings suggest that Nampt plays crucial roles in maintaining NAD(+) levels and cell survival under both basal and oxidative stress conditions.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ryan W. W. Dellinger, Holly E. E. Holmes, Tina Hu-Seliger, Rodney W. W. Butt, Stephen A. A. Harrison, Dariush Mozaffarian, Oliver Chen, Leonard Guarente
Summary: This study demonstrates that NRPT at the recommended dose is safe and may hold promise in lowering markers of hepatic inflammation in patients with NAFLD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhuming Fan, Zhiyang Liu, Nan Zhang, Wenyu Wei, Ke Cheng, Hongyan Sun, Quan Hao
Summary: Lysine lactylation (Kla) is a newly discovered histone post-translational modification. HDAC1-3 have been identified as effective Kla erasers. SIRT3 shows higher eraser activity against H4K16la site and its binding mechanisms have been revealed. Chemical probes have been developed to capture potential Kla erasers and detect Kla for further research on its roles in gene transcription regulation.
Review
Cell Biology
Daniel C. Levine, Kathryn M. Ramsey, Joseph Bass
Summary: Intrinsic circadian clocks regulate daily anticipation of light/dark cycles and energy storage/utilization cycles. Disruption of the core clock can contribute to disease. Peripheral clocks can be influenced by metabolic cues. NAD(P)(H) nucleotides and NAD+-dependent sirtuin deacetylases play a key role in integrating circadian and metabolic cycles.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Wang, Fei Zhang, Wuxun Peng, Lei Wang, Jian Zhang, Wentao Dong, Xiaobin Tian, Chuan Ye, Yanlin Li, Yuekun Gong
Summary: This study confirms that overexpressing NMNAT3 can improve mitochondrial function and resistance to stress-induced apoptosis in BMSCs. By increasing NAD+ levels, NMNAT3 can increase the activity of Sirt3 and decrease the acetylation levels of related proteins. This provides a new mechanism and approach for improving the survival rate and curative effect of BMSCs.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Dijana Stojanovic, Miodrag Stojanovic, Jelena Milenkovic, Aleksandra Velickov, Aleksandra Ignjatovic, Maja Milojkovic
Summary: The cellular mechanisms and signaling network underlying cardiac disease are complex, leading to the current lack of effective therapy. Cardiomyocytes and mitochondrial dysfunction have emerged as key targets for intervention. This review explores the potential of renalase to improve mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac disease through multiple mechanisms, including preserving mitochondrial integrity and dynamics, increasing ATP content, enhancing mtDNA copy numbers, upregulating mitochondrial genes, inhibiting mitochondrial fission, supplementing NAD(+), upregulating sirtuins, and exerting antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing Xu, Munehiro Kitada, Daisuke Koya
Summary: The role of NAD+ in mitochondria is linked to the pathogenesis of kidney diseases, where its accumulation can improve oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial biosynthesis, while its depletion may contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carrie A. Sims, Hanna E. Labiner, Sohini S. Shah, Joseph A. Baur
Summary: The resistance to stress is related to longevity and genes studied for their role in longevity, such as SIRT1, have shown potential in improving outcomes in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Treatments with resveratrol and NAD precursors have demonstrated promising results in rodent models by enhancing SIRT1 activity, providing a potential therapeutic approach for acute stresses like hemorrhagic shock. Further research on the role of SIRT1 in these conditions, particularly through genetic modifications in animal models, could shed light on the mechanisms underlying the benefits observed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ekaterina Podyacheva, Natalia Semenova, Vsevolod Zinserling, Daria Mukhametdinova, Irina Goncharova, Irina Zelinskaya, Eric Sviridov, Michael Martynov, Svetlana Osipova, Yana Toropova
Summary: This study demonstrated the cardioprotective effects of intravenous administration of nicotinamide riboside (NR) in chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in Wistar rats. Both combined and preventive administration of NR showed protective effects on the cardiovascular system, reducing fibrous tissue formation and improving antioxidant system performance. The preventive administration of NR had a more significant protective effect on the overall animal organism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiuyan Li, Xuye Jiang, Yujia Zhou, Yingying Gu, Yijie Ding, Jing Luo, Nengzhi Pang, Yan Sun, Lei Pei, Jie Pan, Mengqi Gao, Sixi Ma, Ying Xiao, De Hu, Feilong Wu, Lili Yang
Summary: A high-fat diet can lead to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) can improve mitochondrial function and reduce oxidative stress by increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). However, whether NR can ameliorate insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is still uncertain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keisuke Yaku, Takashi Nakagawa
Summary: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) functions as a cofactor in important biological processes. Administration of NAD(+) precursors increases cellular NAD(+) levels, promoting beneficial effects on aging-related physiological changes and diseases. Preclinical studies have shown promising results, leading to the development of clinical trials using NAD(+) precursors like NR and NMN. In vivo studies on NAD(+) metabolism have also progressed rapidly.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Robin Mesnage, Scarlett Ferguson, Inger Brandsma, Nynke Moelijker, Gaonan Zhang, Francesca Mazzacuva, Anna Caldwell, John Halket, Michael N. Antoniou
Summary: The co-formulant POE-15 tallow amine (POE-15) and the active ingredient glyphosate in herbicides have been found to be cytotoxic, causing cell necrosis and oxidative stress. The study highlights the importance of comprehensive testing of both co-formulants and active ingredients of commercial pesticides to ensure better regulation and protection of public health and the environment.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah A. Grainger, John D. Crawford, Julia C. Riches, Nicole A. Kochan, Russell J. Chander, Karen A. Mather, Perminder S. Sachdev, Julie D. Henry
Summary: This study provides the first assessment of all 4 social cognitive domains in an adult life-span sample and found that normal adult aging is associated with multidirectional changes in social cognition. Theory of mind and social perception show nonlinear decline across much of the life-span, while affective empathy and social behavior improve. Age remains a significant predictor of all 4 social cognitive domains, even after accounting for broader cognitive function.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tessa Helman, Nady Braidy
Summary: The role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in aging and its links to chronic diseases are discussed in this review. The mechanisms behind age-associated NAD+ decline are not well understood, but supplements aimed at increasing NAD+ levels are becoming popular. The clinical utility and benefits of NAD+ precursors in attenuating NAD+ decline and age-related disorders are explored.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Thanwarat Chantanachai, Daina L. Sturnieks, Stephen R. Lord, Jasmine Menant, Kim Delbaere, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty, Peter Humburg, Morag E. Taylor
Summary: This study examined longitudinal changes in cognitive and physical function, as well as the associations between these changes and falls in people with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that the MCI and cognitively fluctuating groups experienced declines in cognitive function, while the cognitively normal group did not. The MCI group had worse physical function at baseline but similar decline over time compared to other groups. Decline in global cognitive function and sensorimotor performance were associated with multiple falls in the cognitively normal group, and decline in mobility was associated with falls in the entire sample. Therefore, exercise should be recommended for maintaining physical function in older adults, and interventions aimed at mitigating cognitive decline should be encouraged for people with MCI.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Catherine A. Browning, Claire L. Thompson, Nicole A. Kochan, Henry Brodaty, Perminder S. Sachdev, Julie D. Henry
Summary: This study examined whether prospective memory (PM) could serve as an early cognitive marker of future cognitive decline and incident dementia. The results showed that decreased PM accuracy and missed PM responses were associated with cognitive decline over 8 years and risk of incident dementia over 4 years. The effects remained significant even after controlling for baseline cognition and were strongest for event-based and regular PM tasks. These findings suggest that PM tasks could be useful in clinical assessments.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dae Jong Oh, Jong Bin M. Bae, Darren Lipnicki, Ji Won S. Han, Perminder Sachdev, Tae Hui Kim, Kyung Phil Kwak, Bong Jo Kim, Shin Gyeom Kim, Jeong Lan Kim, Seok Woo Moon, Joon Hyuk Park, Seung-Ho Ryu, Jong Chul Youn, Dong Young Lee, Dong Woo Lee, Seok Bum Lee, Jung Jae Lee, Jin Hyeong Jhoo, Ingmar Skoog, Jenna R. Najar, Therese Sterner, Antonio Guaita, Roberta Vaccaro, Elena Rolandi, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Mary H. Yannakoulia, Mary G. Kosmidis, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Susanne Roehr, Jacqueline Dominguez, Ma Fe De Guzman, Krizelle Cleo Fowler, Antonio Lobo, Pedro Saz, Raul J. Lopez-Anton, Kaarin Anstey, Nicolas E. Cherbuin, Moyra Mortby, Henry Brodaty, Julian Trollor, Nicole Kochan, Ki Woong Kim
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between parental history of dementia and the risk of dementia in offspring, and found that maternal history of dementia is associated with increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), while paternal history of dementia is not. These findings may have important implications for identifying high-risk individuals for AD and stratifying the risk in clinical trials.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Quoc C. C. Truong, Carol Choo, Katya Numbers, Adam Bentvelzen, Alexander G. G. Merkin, Henry Brodaty, Nicole A. A. Kochan, Valery L. L. Feigin, Perminder S. S. Sachdev, Oleg N. N. Medvedev
Summary: The study evaluated the psychometric properties of the TICS-M and used the Rasch methodology to improve its accuracy. The results showed good reliability of the TICS-M assessment scores, but there were some misfitting items and local dependency issues. By combining these problematic items into super-items, the Rasch model fit for the TICS-M improved, resulting in improved reliability and no misfitting or local dependency. The creation of a transformation table allows for converting raw TICS-M scores into interval-level data, increasing the precision of the instrument.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Princess Neila Litkouhi, Katya Numbers, Michael Valenzuela, John D. Crawford, Ben C. P. Lam, Princess Noosha Litkouhi, Perminder S. Sachdev, Nicole A. Kochan, Henry Brodaty
Summary: Cognitive, social, and physical activities, especially during young adulthood, are associated with better late-life cognitive outcomes. Formal education plays a significant role in the relationship between young adulthood cognitive activity and late-life global cognition.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Matthew J. Lennon, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Ben Chun Pan Lam, John D. Crawford, Perminder S. Sachdev
Summary: This UK Biobank study found that genetic propensity for high and low blood pressure impacts midlife cognition in subtle ways, affecting cognitive domains differently. While a genetic propensity to low blood pressure may preserve nontimed tests in midlife, it may come at a trade-off with worsened attention scores and reaction time.
Article
Cell Biology
Marina Ulanova, Lucy Gloag, Andre Bongers, Chul-Kyu Kim, Hong Thien Kim Duong, Ha Na Kim, John Justin Gooding, Richard D. Tilley, Joanna Biazik, Wei Wen, Perminder S. Sachdev, Nady Braidy, Alexander E. Kalyuzhny
Summary: Nanoparticle-based magnetic contrast agents have been developed for early non-invasive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study developed a biocompatible magnetic nanoparticle targeted to amyloid beta (A beta) plaques to enhance the sensitivity of T2-weighted MRI for imaging of amyloid pathology in AD. The nanoparticles showed no significant cytotoxicity and were able to bind to amyloid species. The study provides promising preliminary results for the development of a targeted non-invasive method for early AD diagnosis using contrast-enhanced MRI.
Article
Cell Biology
Rodrigo Cataldi, Perminder S. Sachdev, Neerja Chowdhary, Katrin Seeher, Adam Bentvelzen, Vasee Moorthy, Tarun Dua
Summary: The WHO blueprint for dementia research is a guide for addressing challenges and reshaping the approach to dementia research. This Comment focuses on operationalizing the research drivers highlighted in the blueprint to ensure equity, impact, and global reach.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alice Powell, Zara A. Page, Jacqueline C. T. Close, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty
Summary: A consistent approach to defining cognitive super-ageing is needed to increase the value of research insights that may be gained from studying this population including ageing well and preventing and treating neurodegenerative conditions. This review aims to evaluate the existing definitions of 'super-ageing' with a focus on cognition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric L. Stulberg, Perminder S. Sachdev, Anne M. Murray, Steven C. Cramer, Farzaneh A. Sorond, Kamakshi Lakshminarayan, Behnam Sabayan
Summary: This study provides a narrative review on post-stroke brain health, defining and evaluating it based on literature databases. Clinical recommendations for monitoring and managing post-stroke brain health are presented, as well as potential future work in the field.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alice Powell, Ben C. P. Lam, David Foxe, Jacqueline C. T. Close, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty
Summary: This study aims to investigate the frequency of exceptional cognition in Australian older adults using different definitions and to explore its relationship with function, brain imaging markers, and incident dementia. The frequency of super-aging varied depending on the definition used and was associated with better functional performance and lower rates of incident dementia. The study highlights the importance of consistency in defining super-aging for better characterization of this minority group.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Sladana Pavkovic, Lynette Ruth Goldberg, Maree Farrow, Jane Alty, Melissa Abela, Sharon Naismith, Perminder Sachdev, Lee-Fay Low
Summary: This study examined the current practices, barriers, and facilitators to post-diagnostic support in Australian memory clinics. It found that current practices focused on ensuring patients understood their diagnosis, providing information on support, and prescribing dementia medications. There was a need for increased funding, particularly to establish a single point of contact for continuity of care.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Satoshi Hosoki, Gurpreet K. Hansra, Tharusha Jayasena, Anne Poljak, Karen A. Mather, Vibeke S. Catts, Ruslan Rust, Abhay Sagare, Jason C. Kovacic, Amy Brodtmann, Anders Wallin, Berislav V. Zlokovic, Masafumi Ihara, Perminder S. Sachdev
Summary: This review examines the role of large and small vessel disease in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and considers the underlying pathophysiological processes that lead to vascular brain injury. It discusses the potential of key molecules involved in these processes as molecular biomarkers and the challenges in translating these biomarkers into clinical application.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)