Review
Microbiology
Tarek Mazzawi
Summary: Research suggests that manipulating gut microbiota can improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with dietary management and other approaches showing promise in changing gut composition and alleviating IBS symptoms. However, more research is needed to identify the exact mixture of beneficial bacteria.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chatpol Samuthpongtorn, Piyawat Kantagowit, Rapat Pittayanon, Tanisa Patcharatrakul, Sutep Gonlachanvit
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) significantly improved short-term symptoms of IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL in IBS patients. However, there was no significant improvement in global symptoms. Well-defined donors and appropriate fecal administration routes appear to be important factors for the successful outcomes of FMT in IBS.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sergii Tkach, Andrii Dorofeyev, Iurii Kuzenko, Oksana Sulaieva, Tetyana Falalyeyeva, Nazarii Kobyliak
Summary: This study found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can significantly improve symptoms in patients with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) and has better safety and tolerability compared to traditional pharmacotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yuka Ikeda, Kurumi Taniguchi, Haruka Sawamura, Ai Tsuji, Satoru Matsuda
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is an important health concern that may be linked to alterations in the microbiota of the gut-brain axis. Dietary intake can contribute to the production of D-amino acids, which play key roles in cellular physiological processes against oxidative stresses. The gut microbiota may have significant effects on emotional stability through the action of D-amino acids.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Justyna Paulina Wielgosz-Grochowska, Nicole Domanski, Malgorzata Ewa Drywien
Summary: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is common in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Antibiotic treatment is the first-line approach, but focusing solely on antimicrobial effects without considering lifestyle factors and dietary patterns may lead to intestinal microbiota dysfunction. Recent studies suggest that dietary manipulation can alleviate SIBO gastrointestinal symptoms, but the efficacy of the IBS diet in SIBO remains largely hypothetical and further research is needed to establish a specific diet for SIBO treatment.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aki Ronkainen, Imran Khan, Eva Krzyzewska-Dudek, Kaisa Hiippala, Tobias L. Freitag, Reetta Satokari
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is commonly used to treat recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) and is being investigated for the treatment of other gut microbiota-related conditions. This study found that selected Bifidobacterium strains from FMT donors, such as DX_pv23, have the potential to colonize the recipient's gut and restore antibiotic-disturbed microbiota. The study also revealed that DX_pv23 expressed genes related to adherence and pilus formation, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sona Ciernikova, Aneta Sevcikova, Lubos Drgona, Michal Mego
Summary: Treatment resistance and adverse effects are important issues in cancer patient management. The use of microbiome in oncology is showing promising results. Favorable bacterial species and gut diversity are associated with increased treatment efficacy, while alterations in gut microbiome contribute to intestinal dysbiosis and treatment-induced toxicity.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Antonio Picarelli, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rapidly increasing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Recent research suggests that factors such as genetics, environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in its development, but the underlying causes are unclear. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, particularly a decrease in specific genera, has been identified as a possible trigger for IBD. Improving gut microbiota and identifying specific bacterial species are crucial for understanding and treating IBD and autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Jongwook Yu, Jae Hee Cheon
Summary: Gut dysbiosis is a prominent feature in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) with unknown causes. Research has focused on managing IBD by modulating and correcting gut dysbiosis, using methods such as antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. However, studies on specific changes in the gut microbiota depending on the treatment options are limited.
Article
Immunology
Jie Wu, Liang Lv, Chunlian Wang
Summary: The meta-analysis examined the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and found inconsistent results. FMT administered via colonoscopy or gastroscope may benefit IBS patients and improve their quality of life. However, the quality of evidence supporting the use of FMT in IBS is very low.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Boicean, Victoria Birlutiu, Cristian Ichim, Paula Anderco, Sabrina Birsan
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are complex diseases characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown increasing effectiveness and safety in treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and CDI. By modifying the gut microbiota, FMT offers an alternative approach to indirectly influence the host's immune system in a safe way, improving clinical symptoms and endoscopic findings in IBD patients. Further validation is needed to establish a clinical protocol for FMT in IBD.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marina A. Senchukova
Summary: The gut microbiota is an external organ of the human body that plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation and protection. With over 3 million genes, it significantly outnumbers the human genome. Changes in the composition of the microbiome can lead to disruptions in bacterial metabolite synthesis, intestinal barrier function, and inflammation, thereby contributing to various diseases. Understanding the impact of the gut microbiota on health requires considering it as a unified biological system with interconnected components.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bhupinder Kapoor, Monica Gulati, Reena Gupta, Rajeev K. Singla
Summary: Dysregulated immune system, in which self-antigens are not recognized properly, is a common pathogenesis in autoimmune diseases. Environmental factors, such as disturbed gut microbiota, have been found to play a crucial role. Recent studies have shown that dysbiosis of gut microbiota is associated with the development of myasthenia gravis (MG), a rare autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction. The modulation of gut microbiota through interventions like probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered a promising approach for the management of MG.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patrick Denis Browne, Frederik Cold, Andreas Munk Petersen, Sofie Ingdam Halkjaer, Alice Hojer Christensen, Stig Gunther, Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
Summary: FMT treatment induces significant long-term changes in the gut microbiome of IBS patients, including the engraftment of anaerobic bacteria and increased microbial diversity, but these changes do not correlate with clinical improvement. The relationship between the microbiome and the etiology of IBS remains unresolved.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Vinod Metta, Valentina Leta, Kandadai Rukmini Mrudula, L. K. Prashanth, Vinay Goyal, Rupam Borgohain, Guy Chung-Faye, K. Ray Chaudhuri
Summary: Gastrointestinal symptoms and gut dysbiosis may precede motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), potentially serving as early biomarkers. Environmental toxins and gut dysbiosis can trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and early alpha-synuclein accumulation in the enteric nervous system, leading to neuro inflammation and neuro degeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)