Review
Zoology
Thomas A. Kim, Michelle D. Syty, Kaitlyn Wu, Shaoyu Ge
Summary: Adult neurogenesis is the creation of new neurons in the adult brain, which play a crucial role in brain functions such as learning and memory. However, diseases like Alzheimer's can impair hippocampal neurogenesis, leading to cognitive decline and memory loss.
ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shaoyi Fang, Zhibin Wu, Yali Guo, Wenjun Zhu, Chunmiao Wan, Naijun Yuan, Jianbei Chen, Wenzhi Hao, Xiaowei Mo, Xiaofang Guo, Lili Fan, Xiaojuan Li, Jiaxu Chen
Summary: This review explores the roles of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and microglia in the etiology of depression, and discusses the mechanisms by which microglia regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and potential drugs for improving neurogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Peng Chen, ZhiLei Guo, Benhong Zhou
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common form of dementia that significantly impacts the quality of life for the elderly. Hippocampal dysfunction plays a pivotal role in neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's patients and understanding the impact of neurogenesis on aging and cognitive deficits is crucial for advancing research in this field.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Yujuan Zhou, Xu Wang, Yingying Liu, Yulu Gu, Renjun Gu, Geng Zhang, Qing Lin
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that causes progressive loss of cognitive functions and impacts the daily life of patients. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus plays a crucial role in learning and memory functions. In AD, AHN is affected to different extents at different times, and understanding its molecular mechanisms can contribute to the research for better diagnostics and treatments for AD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroyoshi Doi, Taito Matsuda, Atsuhiko Sakai, Shuzo Matsubara, Sumio Hoka, Ken Yamaura, Kinichi Nakashima
Summary: Early-life exposure to midazolam alters neural stem cells in the mouse hippocampus, leading to reduced neurogenesis and impaired memory functions. Voluntary exercise can restore hippocampal neurogenesis, normalize the transcriptome, and improve cognitive abilities in exposed mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hesham Essa, Lee Peyton, Whidul Hasan, Brandon Emanuel Leon, Doo-Sup Choi
Summary: Alzheimer's disease, characterized by impaired neurogenesis, affects millions of people worldwide. A beta accumulation and neurofibrillary tangles are key factors leading to neuronal loss, while APP gene expression also plays a significant role in neurogenesis.
Article
Neurosciences
Elena P. Moreno-Jimenez, Julia Terreros-Roncal, Miguel Flor-Garcia, Alberto Rabano, Maria Llorens-Martin
Summary: The rodent hippocampus generates new neurons throughout life, but direct evidence of adult neurogenesis in humans remains elusive. Research indicates that adult hippocampal neurogenesis may persist until the 10th decade of human life, with marked impairments in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methodological aspects in processing and analyzing postmortem human brain samples may limit the detection of markers of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, highlighting the need for strict controls in human studies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Virendra Tiwari, Akanksha Mishra, Sonu Singh, Shubha Shukla
Summary: Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the functional and developmental unit of neurogenesis, and they have the ability to self-renew and generate new neurons in different neurogenic niches. Neurogenesis in adult brain is associated with synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, particularly in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. Impaired neurogenesis has been implicated as a culprit in age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review provides evidence for the association between impaired neurogenesis and AD, and discusses the molecular and cellular regulation of neurogenesis in the young and aging brain. The review also summarizes therapeutic strategies for targeting the manipulation of the neural stem cell pool and factors affecting this pool in AD.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Houben, Megane Homa, Zehra Yilmaz, Karelle Leroy, Jean-Pierre Brion, Kunie Ando
Summary: AHN plays a critical role in sustaining hippocampal functions such as learning and memory, and impaired AHN in AD patients may contribute to cognitive deficits. NFTs and amyloid plaques are key neuropathological hallmarks of AD, with abnormal tau protein accumulation impacting AHN. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between tau pathology and AHN.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yukai Luo, Aisheng Zhan, Yunchang Fan, Lanxiang Tian
Summary: This study reveals that 8-week exposure to low magnetic field induces abnormalities in the neurogenic niche of the hippocampus, including activation of microglia and increased number of astrocytes. Additionally, the exposure decreases proliferation and differentiation of adult neural stem cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, impairs cognitive function, and induces anxiety-like behaviors in mice.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bingfang Zhang, Lei Wang, Aisheng Zhan, Min Wang, Lanxiang Tian, Weixiang Guo, Yongxin Pan
Summary: Exposure to a hypomagnetic field (HMF) influences the cognitive processes of various animals, from insects to human beings. The authors show that in mice exposed to HMF, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent learning are impaired and could be rescued by restoring ROS levels.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Taylor Landry, Hu Huang
Summary: Recent evidence suggests a strong association between metabolism and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, crucial for cognitive function. Interventions promoting energy balance have shown promising potential in enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Bryon M. Smith, Angela I. Saulsbery, Patricia Sarchet, Nidhi Devasthali, Dalia Einstein, Elizabeth D. Kirby
Summary: This study compares the efficiency and effects of two methods (injection and chow consumption) of tamoxifen administration in adult neurogenesis. The injection method results in higher recombination efficiency but disrupts neural progenitor cell proliferation, while the chow consumption method has lower recombination efficiency but increases neuronal differentiation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fatima Javed Mirza, Sanila Amber, Sumera, Deeba Hassan, Touqeer Ahmed, Saadia Zahid
Summary: The study demonstrated the proneurogenic effects of rosmarinic acid and ursolic acid in an A beta(1-42)-induced AD mouse model, showing protection against deficits in spatial and recognition memory and changes in anxiety. Treatment with these compounds normalized neuronal density and levels of neurogenic and synaptic markers.
