Clinical Features of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy With Type 1 Choroidal Neovascularization

PURPOSE: To evaluate the type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) incidence and associated factors in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Records of 363 eyes (324 patients) with CSC were reviewed. Age, sex, CSC type, choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), and systemic hypertension (HT) were assessed and compared between subjects with and without neovascular CSC. RESULTS: We identified 219 and 144 eyes with chronic and acute CSC, respectively. The mean participant age was 55.2 +/- 12.0 years, and 58 (15.6%) eyes had neovascular CSC. Age (no CNV: 54.8 +/- 12.1 years, CNV: 57.3 +/- 10.9 years; P=.118) and SCT (no CNV: 388.0 +/- 104.5 mu m, CNV: 377.4 +/- 108.9 mu m; P=.487) were comparable between eyes with and without CNV. However, BCVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was significantly worse in subjects with CNV (0.28 +/- 0.33 [20/38] vs 0.15 +/- 0.29 [20/28]; P=.014). Neovascular CSC occurred more often in women (72 [23.6%] vs 20 [34.5%], P=.099) and in cases of chronic CSC (171 [56.1%] vs 48 [82.8%], P<.001), CVH (205 [67.2%] vs 58 [100%], P<.001), and HT (91 [29.8%] vs 24 [41.4%], P=.092). Chronic CSC (P=.001), female sex (P=.075), and poor BCVA (P=.091) were associated with neovascular CSC (multiple regression). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic CSC, female sex, CVH, and poor BCVA are risk factors for CNV in eyes with CSC. ((C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)