Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Teresa Hernandez-Gonzalez, Rocio Gonzalez-Barrio, Carolina Escobar, Juan Antonio Madrid, Maria Jesus Periago, Maria Carmen Collado, Frank A. J. L. Scheer, Marta Garaulet
Summary: The study found that consuming chocolate in the morning or in the evening/night had different effects on hunger and appetite, body weight, energy intake, substrate oxidation, fasting glucose, microbiota, and sleep rhythms.
Review
Biology
R. James Stubbs, Graham Horgan, Eric Robinson, Mark Hopkins, Clarissa Dakin, Graham Finlayson
Summary: Over the past 50 years, there has been an increase in the absolute energy from fats and carbohydrates, and the proportion of carbohydrates in the food supply. The dietary energy density (ED) is mainly influenced by the water and fat content in foods. Protein, carbohydrates, and fat have different effects on satiety and energy intake, with protein having the greatest impact. However, when comparing foods with equal energy density, the differences between fat and carbohydrates are modest. Increasing the dietary energy density covertly with fat, carbohydrates, or a mix of macronutrients leads to higher energy intake and weight gain.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Esra Tasali, Kristen Wroblewski, Eva Kahn, Jennifer Kilkus, Dale A. Schoeller
Summary: Short sleep duration is associated with obesity risk. This study demonstrates that extending sleep duration can reduce energy intake and achieve negative energy balance.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Marchetti, Paola Gualtieri, Antonino De Lorenzo, Domenico Trombetta, Antonella Smeriglio, Mariarosaria Ingegneri, Rossella Cianci, Giulia Frank, Giulia Schifano, Giulia Bigioni, Laura Di Renzo
Summary: This study provides evidence that an omega-3-enriched Modified Mediterranean Diet can improve the inflammatory status and reduce the frequency and intensity of morning headache.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stacy A. Clemes, Veronica Varela-Mato, Danielle H. Bodicoat, Cassandra L. Brookes, Yu-Ling Chen, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Laura J. Gray, Amber J. Guest, Vicki Johnson, Fehmidah Munir, Nicola J. Paine, Gerry Richardson, Katharina Ruettger, Mohsen Sayyah, Aron Sherry, Ana Suazo Di Paola, Jacqui Troughton, Thomas Yates, James A. King
Summary: The study evaluated the effectiveness of the 'Structured Health Intervention For Truckers' (SHIFT) program on long-distance heavy goods vehicle drivers. It found that at the 6-month follow-up, drivers who participated in the program experienced significantly higher daily step counts, reduced sitting time, and increased moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. However, these differences were not maintained at the 16-18-month follow-up. The program shows potential in promoting physical activity among this underserved occupational group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beate Brandl, Rachel Rennekamp, Sandra Reitmeier, Katarzyna Pietrynik, Sebastian Dirndorfer, Dirk Haller, Thomas Hofmann, Thomas Skurk, Hans Hauner
Summary: This study investigated the acceptance and consumption of fiber-enriched foods and found that they can increase fiber intake in middle-aged individuals, providing a simple and novel strategy to improve fiber intake in the population.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stephen R. Hennigar, James P. McClung, Adrienne Hatch-McChesney, Jillian T. Allen, Marques A. Wilson, Christopher T. Carrigan, Nancy E. Murphy, Hilde K. Teien, Svein Martini, Jess A. Gwin, J. Philip Karl, Lee M. Margolis, Stefan M. Pasiakos
Summary: This study shows that strenuous physical activity decreases dietary iron absorption and energy deficit exacerbates the hepcidin response to physical activity and declines in dietary iron absorption compared with energy balance.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bea Klos, Jessica Cook, Letizia Crepaz, Alisa Weiland, Stephan Zipfel, Isabelle Mack
Summary: This meta-analysis examines the impact of manipulating the energy density (ED) of a diet on energy intake. The results show that lowering ED significantly reduces energy intake while food intake remains constant. This approach can be considered a powerful tool for weight management through nutrition therapy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anupama Gupta, Jasmin Kaur, Garima Shukla, Khushpreet Kaur Bhullar, Pasang Lamo, K. C. Biju, Aman Agarwal, Achal Kumar Srivastava, Gautam Sharma
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Yoga-based lifestyle modification on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The results showed that Yoga intervention and modification of the staple Indian diet can effectively reduce the severity of OSA among obese patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew J. Landry, Alexandra E. van den Berg, Deanna M. Hoelscher, Fiona M. Asigbee, Sarvenaz Vandyousefi, Reem Ghaddar, Matthew R. Jeans, Lyndsey Waugh, Katie Nikah, Shreela Sharma, Jaimie N. Davis
Summary: School gardens have become common strategies for promoting healthy dietary behaviors in the US. This study examined the effects of a one-year school-based gardening, cooking, and nutrition program on students' dietary intake and quality, showing modest improvements in protein intake and vegetable consumption in the intervention group compared to control. Further research on scaling and sustaining nutrition education programs in schools is recommended.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luiz Eduardo Mateus Brandao, Alexandru Popa, Erasmus Cedernaes, Christopher Cedernaes, Lauri Lampola, Jonathan Cedernaes
Summary: This randomized trial showed that short-term consumption of an unhealthy high-fat/high-sugar diet alters sleep oscillatory features, which may have detrimental effects on health.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chiou Yi Ho, Zuriati Ibrahim, Zalina Abu Zaid, Zulfitri Azuan Mat Daud, Nor Baizura Mohd Yusop, Mohd Norazam Mohd Abas, Jamil Omar
Summary: This study aimed to investigate postoperative dietary intake and its predictors in gynecologic cancer patients. The study found significant associations between postoperative dietary intake and changes in weight, muscle mass, and handgrip strength. Preoperative whey protein-infused carbohydrate loading, postoperative nausea vomiting, age, and time to tolerate clear fluid were identified as significant predictors of postoperative dietary intake.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshinari Matsumoto, Kanae Takahashi, Yuko Sugioka, Kentaro Inui, Tadashi Okano, Koji Mandai, Yutaro Yamada, Ayumi Shintani, Tatsuya Koike
Summary: The study confirmed that Brazilian propolis has no effect on disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. No significant differences were observed between the propolis group and the control group in terms of both primary and secondary endpoints.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Justina Dressler, Maximilian Andreas Storz, Carolin Mueller, Farid Kandil, Christian S. Kessler, Andreas Michalsen, Michael Jeitler
Summary: A plant-based diet (PBD) can provide numerous health benefits for patients with cardiovascular risk factors. The present study found that a PBD has a more favorable nutrient composition for cardiovascular health compared to an omnivorous dietary pattern. It can lead to a decrease in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, HbA1c, and fasting blood glucose. However, deficiencies in vitamin B12, vitamin D, and iodine were observed in both groups.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ching-Ling Lin, Li-Chi Huang, Yao-Tsung Chang, Ruey-Yu Chen, Shwu-Huey Yang
Summary: The study demonstrated a significant improvement in HbA1c and healthy diet of patients with type 2 diabetes after a 6-month health coaching intervention, leading to a reduction in the intake of whole grains, fruits, meats, protein, and fats while increasing vegetable consumption. Further research with higher quality evidence on health coaching is required.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wendy L. Hall
Summary: The Winter Conference 2021 focused on the effects of obesity on brain function, developments in behavioural change interventions, neurobiology of appetite regulation and treatment, and personalised medicine for obesity prevention and treatment. The plenary lectures discussed sweetness perceptions and the potential mismatch between metabolic signals and reward systems in the brain, as well as novel approaches to treating binge-eating disorders.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Haya Al Khatib, Vita Dikariyanto, Kate M. Bermingham, Rachel Gibson, Wendy L. Hall
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between sleep duration, social jetlag, and their impact on nutrient intake, body composition, and cardio-metabolic risk factors in a representative UK adult population. The results show that both short sleep and social jetlag are associated with higher intake of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES), but only short sleep is associated with greater adiposity. Social jetlag is also associated with lower fiber intake. These findings suggest that irregular sleep habits, including social jetlag, can have negative effects on food choices and adiposity.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wendy L. Hall
Summary: Sleep habits are directly related to obesity risk due to their influence on food choices and eating behavior. Short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and irregular sleep timing contribute to weight gain and cardiometabolic health issues. Short-term sleep restriction increases energy intake, and individuals with habitual short sleep tend to have a less healthy diet compared to those with adequate sleep. Increasing sleep duration through interventions may reduce sugar and overall energy intake. Poor sleep quality, night shift work, and social jetlag are also associated with lower diet quality and consumption of energy-dense foods.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Louise Keehn, Wendy L. Hall, Sarah E. Berry, Thomas A. B. Sanders, Phil Chowienczyk, Christopher N. Floyd
Summary: This study aimed to determine the reproducibility of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in normotensive and well controlled hypertensive individuals. The results showed that single ABPM measurements have considerable variability, potentially leading to misclassification of hypertension status and incorrect treatment regimes. Therefore, repeated ABPM may be necessary to refine antihypertensive therapy.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kate M. Bermingham, Inbar Linenberg, Wendy L. Hall, Kirstin Kade, Paul W. Franks, Richard Davies, Jonathan Wolf, George Hadjigeorgiou, Francesco Asnicar, Nicola Segata, JoAnn E. Manson, Louise R. Newson, Linda M. Delahanty, Jose M. Ordovas, Andrew T. Chan, Tim D. Spector, Ana M. Valdes, Sarah E. Berry
Summary: This large-scale study on menopause and metabolic health highlights the importance of monitoring risk factors for type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged to older women to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with estrogen decline.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sylvia Zanesco, Wendy Hall, Rachel Gibson, Christopher Griffiths, Thiviyani Maruthappu
Summary: This article focuses on the relationship between psoriasis and dietary factors. By conducting observational studies and dietary intervention trials, it evaluates the impact of the Mediterranean diet and time-restricted eating on psoriasis, and explores the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of diet on psoriasis.
NUTRITION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifan Xu, Yong Li, Xuemei Ma, Wafa Alotaibi, Melanie Le Sayec, Alex Cheok, Eleanor Wood, Sabine Hein, Paul Young Tie Yang, Wendy L. Hall, Chiara Nosarti, Paola Dazzan, Rachel Gibson, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
Summary: This study compared the agreement between a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 7-day food diary (7DD) in assessing (poly)phenol intake and explored their associations with urinary and plasma (poly)phenol metabolites. The results showed that FFQ estimated a higher (poly)phenol intake compared to 7DD, and the agreement between the two assessment methods was moderate for major (poly)phenol classes but poor with biomarkers. Therefore, further research using biomarker approaches is needed to increase the accuracy of estimating (poly)phenol exposure in larger populations.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sinead Watson, Leigh-Ann McCrum, Bernadette McGuinness, Christopher Cardwell, Mike Clarke, Jayne V. Woodside, Gerry McKenna, Laura McGowan
Summary: An RCT showed that a habit-based dietary intervention after oral rehabilitation increased automaticity for healthy eating behaviors in older adults, presenting significant nutritional challenges for partially dentate adults in an ageing population.
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachel Gibson, Jo Lewis, Annewies Hilberink, Elena Philippou, Dona Wilson, Hannah E. Theobald, Kiu Sum, Deborah David, Jumanah S. Alawfi, Holly J. Roper, Fiyin Makinwa, Greg Lessons, Alison Clark, Natasha Maynard, Laura Viner, Wendy L. Hall
Summary: Understanding the impact of the work environment on health behaviors is crucial for public health nutrition. A roundtable event was held to discuss the priorities for researchers and practitioners in workplace diet and health. Participants agreed on the importance of nutritional wellbeing in the workplace and identified three priority areas for further action.
NUTRITION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kate M. Bermingham, Mohsen Mazidi, Paul W. Franks, Tyler Maher, Ana M. Valdes, Inbar Linenberg, Jonathan Wolf, George Hadjigeorgiou, Tim D. Spector, Cristina Menni, Jose M. Ordovas, Sarah E. Berry, Wendy L. Hall
Summary: This study characterized the variability and correlations of postprandial metabolite changes in a large cohort. The majority of metabolites showed significant changes after a meal, particularly in very large lipoprotein particles and ketone bodies. Strong correlations were observed between fasting and postprandial metabolites, although some metabolites showed weak correlations.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gladys O. Latunde-Dada, Naroa Kajarabille, Sophie Rose, Sarah M. Arafsha, Tugba Kose, Mohamad F. Aslam, Wendy L. Hall, Paul A. Sharp
Summary: With the increasing popularity of plant-based diets, there is a growing interest in evaluating the nutritional value of meat substitutes. Understanding the mineral content and absorption of these products is crucial as plant-based eating becomes more common. This study aimed to analyze the mineral composition and uptake of plant-based meat-free burgers compared to a typical beef burger.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Emma H. Cassinelli, Michelle C. McKinley, Lisa Kent, Kelly-Ann Eastwood, Danielle A. J. M. Schoenaker, David Trew, Theano Stoikidou, Laura McGowan
Summary: This scoping review aims to provide an updated summary of preconception health and care strategies, policies, guidelines, frameworks, and recommendations in the UK and Ireland, and explore preconception health and care services and interventions in Northern Ireland as a case study. The review uses grey literature searches, consultations, and audits with key stakeholders to gather data, and employs narrative content analysis to report findings. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and infographics.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kate M. M. Bermingham, Sophie Stensrud, Francesco Asnicar, Ana M. Valdes, Paul W. W. Franks, Jonathan Wolf, George Hadjigeorgiou, Richard Davies, Tim D. D. Spector, Nicola Segata, Sarah E. E. Berry, Wendy L. L. Hall
Summary: This study explores the relationship between social jetlag (SJL), gut microbial composition, diet, and cardiometabolic health. The results show a negative association between SJL and gut microbial composition, as well as unhealthy dietary habits and slight inflammation markers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Louise J. Salt, Giuseppina Mandalari, Mary L. Parker, Mahamoud Hussein, Charlotte E. Mills, Robert Gray, Sarah E. Berry, Wendy Hall, Peter J. Wilde
Summary: This study investigates the digestion kinetics of interesterified (IE) fats in comparison with non-IE fats and rapeseed oil (RO). The results show that IE fats mainly exist in solid form and are strongly associated with the muffin matrix in the gastric phase, while RO forms liquid droplets that separate from the matrix. Lipolysis rates were not significantly different between IE and non-IE fats, but lipolysis of RO fat was slower due to the presence of long-chain PUFAs. The strong interaction between the hard fats and the muffin matrix resulted in delayed gastric emptying compared to the RO sample. The physical behavior of fats during digestion plays a crucial role in determining their digestion kinetics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana M. Pinto, Mark R. Hobden, Katherine D. Brown, Jonathan Farrimond, Darren Targett, Christopher P. Corpe, Peter R. Ellis, Yvanna Todorova, Klaudia Socha, Shatha Bahsoon, Claudia Haworth, Morgane Marcel, Xirui Nie, Wendy L. Hall
Summary: This study investigated the acute effects of combinations of blackcurrant extracts, orange extracts, and orange pulp on postprandial glycaemia. The results showed that blackcurrant extracts had a minimal impact on postprandial glucose levels in healthy participants, and the combination with orange extracts or orange pulp did not enhance the effect.