Article
Clinical Neurology
Larissa Salvador, Luana Giatti, Maria Carmen Viana, Claudia Kimie Suemoto, Bruce B. Duncan, Maria del Carmen Bisi Molina, Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca, Andre R. Brunoni, Sandhi Maria Barreto, Paulo Caramelli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of alcohol intake on cognition in middle-aged participants and found that heavy alcohol consumption can affect executive functions in men and memory in women, while moderate alcohol intake may have a protective effect on gender-specific cognitive functions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harriet A. Ball, Elizabeth Coulthard, Mark Fish, Antony Bayer, John Gallacher, Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Summary: This study examines the association between subjective cognitive decline (sSCD) and objective cognition, finding a weak correlation between the two. Older age, poor sleep quality, and higher anxiety are independent predictors of sSCD. The study suggests that sSCD, in the absence of objective decline, may be an example of poor meta-cognition and a potential driver for functional cognitive disorder (FCD).
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer Weuve, Jennifer D'Souza, Todd Beck, Denis A. Evans, Joel D. Kaufman, Kumar B. Rajan, Carlos F. Mendes de Leon, Sara D. Adar
Summary: The study found that an increase in noise level was associated with higher odds of prevalent MCI and AD, as well as worse global cognitive performance, mainly in perceptual speed. However, the association with cognitive decline was not consistent.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Albert Puig-Pijoan, Joan Jimenez-Balado, Aida Fernandez-Lebrero, Greta Garcia-Escobar, Irene Navalpotro-Gomez, Jose Contador, Rosa-Maria Manero-Borras, Victor Puente-Periz, Antoni Suarez, Francisco J. Munoz, Oriol Grau-Rivera, Marc Suarez-Calvet, Rafael de la Torre, Jaume Roquer, Angel Ois
Summary: This study explored the association between blood-brain-barrier permeability (BBBp) and cognitive decline progression. The results suggested that increased BBBp may contribute to clinical worsening in individuals with cognitive decline, indicating potential targeted therapies.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nadia M. Chu, Qian-Li Xue, Mara A. McAdams-DeMarco, Michelle C. Carlson, Karen Bandeen-Roche, Alden L. Gross
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether frail older adults experience steeper declines in cognitive function, with results showing that frail participants exhibited faster cognitive decline in major cognitive domains, particularly in executive function. Additionally, the study found that education level significantly influences the association between frailty and cognitive changes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mervyn Jun Rui Lim, Chuen Seng Tan, Bibek Gyanwali, Christopher Chen, Saima Hilal
Summary: The study found that intracranial stenosis (ICS) is associated with worse executive function, memory, and visuomotor speed decline, suggesting that ICS may be a useful indicator of cognitive decline.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alexandria L. Irace, Nicole M. Armstrong, Jennifer A. Deal, Alexander Chern, Luigi Ferrucci, Frank R. Lin, Susan M. Resnick, Justin S. Golub
Summary: The study found that subclinical hearing loss is associated with decline in Letter Fluency cognitive test, but there is no significant relationship between hearing loss and incident mild cognitive impairment/dementia. Further research is needed to determine at what level of hearing loss the relationship between hearing and cognitive decline becomes observable.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophie Lefevre-Arbogast, Boris P. Hejblum, Catherine Helmer, Christian Klose, Claudine Manach, Dorrain Y. Low, Mireia Urpi-Sarda, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Raul Gonzalez-Dominguez, Ludwig Aigner, Barbara Altendorfer, Paul J. Lucassen, Silvie R. Ruigrok, Chiara De Lucia, Andrea Du Preez, Cecile Proust-Lima, Sandrine Thuret, Aniko Korosi, Cecilia Samieri
Summary: This study found that a specific profile of lipids involved in membrane fluidity, myelination, and lipid rafts in the blood lipidome of non-demented older persons is associated with subsequent cognitive decline.
Article
Neurosciences
Bingyu Li, Jiefeng Bi, Chang Wei, Feng Sha
Summary: The study found that interacting with friends, playing Mah-jong or other games, providing infrequent help to others, and engaging in sports are significantly associated with participants' memory. Infrequent playing of Mah-jong or other games and daily sports are significantly associated with better mental status. The effects of each activity vary among different age groups, education levels, gender, and residences.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nafisseh S. Warner, Andrew C. Hanson, Phillip J. Schulte, Elizabeth B. Habermann, David O. Warner, Michelle M. Mielke
Summary: The study found that the use of prescription opioids in older adults is associated with small but statistically significant declines in long-term cognitive function. This may represent the effects of opioids themselves or other related factors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca F. F. Townsend, Danielle Logan, Roisin F. F. O'Neill, Federica Prinelli, Jayne V. V. Woodside, Claire T. T. McEvoy
Summary: Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but the results are inconsistent, likely due to heterogeneity among studies. Standardization of diet exposure and cognitive outcome measurement is needed, and further research should investigate the effects of culturally appropriate dietary patterns on individual cognitive domains and incident cognitive disorders in diverse and high-risk populations.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yi-Cheng Lin, Chih-Ping Chung, Pei-Lin Lee, Kun-Hsien Chou, Li-Hung Chang, Szu-Ying Lin, Yi-Jung Lee, Ching-Po Lin, Pei-Ning Wang
Summary: The coexistence of physical and cognitive impairments in older adults can predict incident disability, dementia, and mortality. This study investigated the natural course and prevalence of these impairments and found that skeletal muscle mass/function and memory function are crucial factors associated with the progression or reversal of functional impairments.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Chikako Takano, Naomi Hayashi, Hisami Sato, Toshiyuki Someya
Summary: This study found that short daytime napping (<30 minutes) can reduce the risk of cognitive decline over a 5-year period for community-dwelling older adults. An earlier bedtime is associated with cognitive decline.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emmeline Ayers, Cuiling Wang, Joe Verghese
Summary: This study examined the validity of subjective cognitive and motoric complaints for motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) and developed a score to define subjective MCR. The results showed that subjective MCR can serve as a remote screening assessment for MCR and help identify individuals at high risk for dementia.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Raaj S. Mehta, Bharati Kochar, Zhen Zhou, Jonathan C. Broder, Paget Chung, Keming Yang, Jessica Lockery, Michelle Fravel, Joanne Ryan, Suzanne Mahady, Suzanne G. Orchard, John J. Mcneil, Anne Murray, Robyn L. Woods, Michael E. Ernst, Andrew T. Chan
Summary: This study investigated the associations of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) use with dementia and cognitive decline. The study found that long-term use of PPI and H2RA was not associated with incident dementia, cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND), or decline in cognition over time.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Matthew F. Blum, Jingsha Chen, Aditya Surapaneni, Stephen T. Turner, Christie M. Ballantyne, Paul A. Welling, Anna Koettgen, Josef Coresh, Deidra C. Crews, Morgan E. Grams
Summary: This study investigated the association of renin with adverse kidney outcomes and compared different measurement strategies. The results showed that renin levels measured by SomaScan modified nucleotide aptamer assay were predictive of chronic kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease, and mortality. The SomaScan measurement was moderately correlated with plasma renin activity and highly correlated with renin level from Olink.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Donghai Wen, Linda Zhou, Zihe Zheng, Aditya Surapaneni, Christie M. Ballantyne, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Michael G. Shlipak, Sushrut S. Waikar, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Paul L. Kimmel, Ruth F. Dubin, Rajat Deo, Harold I. Feldman, Peter Ganz, Josef Coresh, Morgan E. Grams, Eugene P. Rhee
Summary: Testican-2, a protein released into circulation by the kidneys, is positively correlated with eGFR and eGFR slope. However, it is unknown whether higher testican-2 levels are associated with lower risk of ESKD.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Seyedmohammad Saadatagah, Christie M. Ballantyne
Summary: Age is a crucial risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as genetic mutations occur with aging, leading to somatic mosaicism. Clonal hematopoiesis resulting from somatic mutations, known as CHIP, has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent advances in exome-sequencing projects have enabled the study of CHIP frequency, gene-specific analyses, and potential therapeutic implications for preventing cardiovascular disease.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ankit Maheshwari, Faye L. Norby, Riccardo M. Inciardi, Wendy Wang, Michael J. Zhang, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Alvaro Alonso, Michelle C. Johansen, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Scott D. Solomon, Amil M. Shah, Lin Yee Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the association between left atrial function and size and ischemic stroke, and determined whether these measures could improve the accuracy of stroke prediction using CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score variables. The results showed that left atrial size and function were associated with ischemic stroke, and the cumulative incidence rates of severe left atrial enlargement were 2.99%, 3.18%, and 1.99% for left atrial reservoir, conduit, and contractile strain, respectively. Adding left atrial function measures to CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score variables improved stroke prediction accuracy.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Rishi Rikhi, Harpreet S. Bhatia, Christopher L. Schaich, Nicklaus Ashburn, Michael Y. Tsai, Erin D. Michos, Parag A. Chevli, David M. Herrington, Sotirios Tsimikas, Michael D. Shapiro
Summary: This study examined the relationship between Lp(a) and hypertension with cardiovascular outcomes in a large multiethnic cohort. The results showed that individuals with elevated Lp(a) and hypertension had a significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mini G. Varughese, Matthew R. Deshotels, Lilei Zhang, Christie M. Ballantyne
Summary: A 20-year-old male presented with severe elevation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and was initially tested negative for familial hypercholesterolemia. Further genetic testing revealed homozygous variants in the ALB gene, indicating congenital analbuminemia (CAA) as the cause of severe hyperlipidemia. CAA is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with a frequency of about 1:1,000,000. Pathological variants in the ALB gene disrupt albumin synthesis and can lead to gross hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. Early diagnosis through genetic examination is crucial for initiating lipid-lowering treatments and preventing premature coronary artery disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Bruno Bohn, Pamela L. Lutsey, Weihong Tang, James S. Pankow, Faye L. Norby, Bing Yu, Christie M. Ballantyne, Eric A. Whitsel, Kunihiro Matsushita, Ryan T. Demmer
Summary: This study compared the proteome of statin users and nonusers and found differences in proteins unrelated to lipid metabolism. Further investigation into these differences may help elucidate the pleiotropic effects of statins.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luke J. Laffin, Dennis Bruemmer, Michelle Garcia, Danielle M. Brennan, Ellen McErlean, Douglas S. Jacoby, Erin D. Michos, Paul M. Ridker, Tracy Y. Wang, Karol E. Watson, Howard G. Hutchinson, Steven E. Nissen
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of a low-dose statin with placebo and 6 common supplements in impacting lipid and inflammatory biomarkers. The results showed that rosuvastatin significantly lowered LDL-C compared to placebo and each supplement. None of the dietary supplements demonstrated a significant decrease in LDL-C compared to placebo.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaoming Jia, Leo Buckley, Caroline Sun, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Bing Yu, Vijay Nambi, Salim S. Virani, Elizabeth Selvin, Kunihiro Matsushita, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Josef Coresh, Amil M. Shah, Christie M. Ballantyne
Summary: Higher levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 in older adults are associated with an increased risk of global cardiovascular disease (including coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure) and death. The association between interleukin-6 and global cardiovascular disease is stronger than that for interleukin-18, and remains significant even after adjustments for other biomarkers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael J. Wilkinson, Norman E. Lepor, Erin D. Michos
Summary: Management of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is crucial for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and reducing ASCVD events. Statins are recommended as the first-line therapy for LDL-C reduction, while nonstatin lipid-lowering therapy can be added for intensive LDL-C lowering in high-risk patients. However, many high-risk patients fail to meet LDL-C thresholds despite guideline recommendations. This review explores the challenges of LDL-C lowering and proposes a new approach to ASCVD risk assessment and treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Erin D. Michos, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, Martha Gulati
Summary: Obesity remains a major public health problem in the United States, with almost half of adults affected. Weight loss is now recommended as a key strategy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in overweight or obese patients. Recent studies have shown the efficacy of some pharmacologic therapies for chronic weight management, which may encourage healthcare professionals to recognize obesity as a treatable chronic disease. This review article focuses on the benefits and challenges of lifestyle changes, bariatric surgery, and pharmacologic interventions in the treatment of obesity, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist medications for managing obesity and reducing CVD risk.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wendy Wang, Lin Yee Chen, Rob F. Walker, Lisa S. Chow, Faye L. Norby, Alvaro Alonso, James S. Pankow, Pamela L. Lutsey
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and other second-line diabetes therapies with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and conduct head-to-head comparisons between SGLT2 inhibitors. Using data from the MarketScan databases, SGLT2 inhibitor users were matched with other second-line therapy users. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of CVD compared to other second-line therapies. No significant differences were found when comparing individual SGLT2 inhibitors.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aozhou Wu, A. Richey Sharrett, Aaron R. Folsom, Alvaro Alonso, Keenan A. Walker, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Alden L. Gross, Andreea M. Rawlings, Andrea Lauren Christman Schneider, Josef Coresh
Summary: This study found consistent associations between blood coagulation status in middle age and cognitive decline and dementia risk in late life, possibly due to vascular pathologies.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Brigitte Kazzi, Bairavi Shankar, Petal Elder-Odame, Lale S. Tokgoezoglu, Lilia M. Sierra-Galan, Erin D. Michos
Summary: Mid-life in women is marked by changes in cardiometabolic risk factors, making it a critical time for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment. It is important to evaluate traditional risk factors and reproductive history to identify female-specific factors that contribute to CVD risk. In cases of uncertainty, measuring a coronary artery calcium score can help refine risk assessment. Additionally, there is a need to improve the recognition of ischemic heart disease in women and incorporate novel risk factors into CVD assessment. This review provides an approach to CVD screening and risk assessment in middle-aged women.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Michael S. Albosta, Jelani K. Grant, Pam Taub, Roger S. Blumenthal, Seth S. Martin, Erin Michos
Summary: Multiple lines of evidence support the causal relationship between LDL-C and ASCVD. Lowering LDL-C is crucial, but challenges such as adherence and statin intolerance can lead to residual ASCVD risk. Non-statin therapies, including inclisiran, can provide additional LDL-lowering benefits. Inclisiran, an RNA therapy, inhibits PCSK9 protein production and is FDA approved for use with statins in patients with clinical ASCVD or heterozygous FH.
VASCULAR HEALTH AND RISK MANAGEMENT
(2023)
