期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 102, 期 1, 页码 102-+出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.107847
关键词
esophageal cancer; minerals; calcium; zinc; selenium; magnesium; copper; manganese
资金
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Cancer Research UK
- Intramural Research Program of the US National Cancer Institute at the NIH
- International Agency for Research on Cancer
- The Francis Crick Institute
- Cancer Research UK [10124] Funding Source: researchfish
Background: Dietary factors have been hypothesized to affect the risk of esophageal cancer via different mechanisms, but the intake of minerals is understudied and the evidence is conflicting. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the associations of dietary intake of minerals with risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Design: We used data from the Golestan Cohort Study, which was launched in a high-risk region for esophageal cancer in Iran. Participants were enrolled in 2004-2008 and were followed to 2014. Intakes of minerals were assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate HRs and 95% Cls of ESCC for dietary intakes of selected minerals. Results: We identified 201 ESCC cases among 47,405 subjects. Calcium intake was significantly inversely associated with the risk of ESCC (HR per 100-mg/d increase: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.96; P 0.005; quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.82; Ptrend = 0.013). Zinc intake was also inversely associated with ESCC, but the quartile association did not reach significance (HR per 1-mg/d increase: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.98; P = 0.027; quartile 4 vs. quartile I HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.28, 1.12; P-trend = 0.097). The relations between dietary intakes of selenium, magnesium, and copper and risk of ESCC were nonlinear (P-nonlinear trend = 0.001, 0.016, and 0.029, respectively). There was no relation between dietary intake of manganese and the risk of ESCC. Conclusion: The results suggest that higher intakes of calcium and zinc are associated with a lower risk of ESCC in a high-risk region of Iran.
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