期刊
GEROSCIENCE
卷 39, 期 4, 页码 359-372出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11357-017-9991-9
关键词
Functional hyperemia; Neurovascular coupling; Angiotensin II; High blood pressure; Hypertension; VCID; Endothelial dysfunction; Microcirculation; Alzheimer's disease
资金
- American Heart Association
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine [R01-AT006526]
- National Institute on Aging [R01-AG047879, R01-AG038747]
- NIA [T32AG052363, 3P30AG050911-02S1]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) [R01-NS056218]
- Oklahoma Shared Clinical and Translational Resources [NIGMS U54GM104938]
- Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology
- Reynolds Foundation
- Presbyterian Health Foundation
- Merit Review Award from the US Department of Veterans Affairs [I01 BX002211-01A2]
- William & Ella Owens Medical Research Foundation
- San Antonio Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Biology of Aging [2 P30 AG013319-21]
- Robert L. Bailey and daughter Lisa K. Bailey Alzheimer's Fund in memory of Jo Nell Bailey
Hypertension in the elderly substantially increases both the risk of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. This review discusses the effects of hypertension on structural and functional integrity of cerebral microcirculation, including hypertension-induced alterations in neurovascular coupling responses, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in microvascular damage (capillary rarefaction, blood-brain barrier disruption), and the genesis of cerebral microhemorrhages and their potential role in exacerbation of cognitive decline associated with AD. Understanding and targeting the hypertension-induced cerebromicrovascular alterations that are involved in the onset and progression of AD and contribute to cognitive impairment are expected to have a major role in preserving brain health in high-risk older individuals.
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