期刊
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
卷 10, 期 -, 页码 419-434出版社
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S129797
关键词
cardiovascular; autonomic; neuropathy; orthostatic hypotension; postural hypotension; hyperglycemia; heart-rate variability; sympathetic; parasympathetic; deep breathing; Valsalva ratio; 30:15 ratio; Ewing tests; Ewing criteria
资金
- National Institute for Health Research in the UK
- National Institute for Health Research [CS-2013-13-029] Funding Source: researchfish
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common and often-underdiagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). CAN is associated with increased mortality, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and morbidity in patients with DM, but despite these significant consequences CAN often remains undiagnosed for a prolonged period. This is commonly due to the disease being asymptomatic until the later stages, as well as a lack of easily available screening strategies. In this article, we review the latest developments in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, consequences, and treatments of CAN in patients with DM.
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