Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Aniruddha Hazra, Laura Rusie, Trevor Hedberg, John A. Schneider
Summary: This study utilizes electronic medical records to analyze monkeypox infections following a single dose of Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic vaccine, a nonreplicating vaccine used for preventing smallpox and monkeypox infections in adults.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Quinn T. Storozynsky, Kate C. Agopsowicz, Ryan S. Noyce, Amirali B. Bukhari, Xuefei Han, Natalie Snyder, Brittany A. Umer, Armin M. Gamper, Roseline Godbout, David H. Evans, Mary M. Hitt
Summary: Glioblastoma (GB) is an incurable brain cancer with immune suppression. Radiotherapy is commonly used, but it cannot completely eliminate GB cells due to radioresistance. In this study, researchers found that combining radiation with the oncolytic AF4LAJ2R vaccinia virus (VACV) had significantly superior anticancer effects compared to monotherapy in mouse models. The combination therapy also increased the ratio of CD8+ effector T cells to regulatory T cells. This study validates the use of radiation with an oncolytic AF4LAJ2R VACV to improve the treatment of GB.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Garcia-Arriaza, Mariano Esteban, Daniel Lopez
Summary: There is a need for a highly effective vaccine against the emerging chikungunya virus, and this review discusses the development of potential vaccine candidates. It highlights the importance of understanding the immune responses induced by these candidates in animal models before progressing to human clinical trials.
Article
Immunology
Heiko Ilchmann, Nathaly Samy, Daniela Reichhardt, Darja Schmidt, Jacqueline D. Powell, Thomas P. H. Meyer, Guenter Silbernagl, Rick Nichols, Heinz Weidenthaler, Laurence De Moerlooze, Liddy Chen, Paul Chaplin
Summary: One or 2 primary MVA BN vaccinations induced similar durable B-cell memory responses as a booster administered 2 years after primary vaccination showed rapid and robust antibody response. No safety concerns were identified following the booster.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shamez N. Ladhani, Alexander C. Dowell, Scott Jones, Bethany Hicks, Cathy Rowe, Jusnara Begum, Dagmar Wailblinger, John Wright, Stephen Owens, Ailsa Pickering, Benjamin Shilltoe, Paddy Mcmaster, Elizabeth Whittaker, Jianmin Zuo, Annabel Powell, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Sema Mandal, Jamie Lopez-Bernal, Mary E. Ramsay, Neave Kissane, Michael Bell, Heather Watson, David Ho, Bassam Hallis, Ashley Otter, Paul Moss, Jonathan Cohen
Summary: This study assessed the safety, immune response, and reactogenicity of MVA-BN vaccine in children. The results showed that the vaccine induced a robust immune response with no serious adverse events. This supports the use of MVA-BN vaccine for post-exposure prophylaxis in children, but larger studies are needed for further evaluation.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alexandra Kupke, Asisa Volz, Erik Dietzel, Astrid Freudenstein, Joerg Schmidt, Hosam Shams-Eldin, Sylvia Jany, Lucie Sauerhering, Verena Kraehling, Michelle Gellhorn Serra, Christiane Herden, Markus Eickmann, Stephan Becker, Gerd Sutter
Summary: This study tested two recombinant MVA-based Ebola virus vaccine candidates in mice and found that vaccination generated virus-neutralizing antibodies and specific CD8+ T cell response. Vaccinated mice survived Ebola virus infection and had significantly reduced viral loads compared to mock-vaccinated mice.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucy Deng, Laura K. Lopez, Catherine Glover, Patrick Cashman, Renee Reynolds, Kristine Macartney, Nicholas Wood
Summary: This study utilizes data from Australia's vaccine safety surveillance system to investigate the adverse effects of the modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic vaccine.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Taylor Pursell, Jennifer L. Spencer Clinton, Jie Tan, Rongsheng Peng, Paul D. Ling
Summary: EEHV can cause lethal hemorrhagic disease in Asian elephants, and developing a vaccine would significantly improve conservation efforts for this endangered species. Recent studies show that a recombinant virus can induce robust humoral and cell-mediated responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kotaro Sakamoto, Bangzhong Lin, Kazuto Nunomura, Takeshi Izawa, Shinsaku Nakagawa
Summary: Mutations in K-Ras are associated with various types of cancer, making drugs targeting these mutations promising for clinical use. KS-58, an inhibitory peptide, has shown anticancer activity against K-Ras(G12D) mutations in colorectal and pancreatic cancer. However, it did not show additive or synergistic anticancer activity when combined with PD-1 antibody.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenzhen Chen, Luyun He, Liangbo Zhao, Guangtan Zhang, Zhiwei Wang, Pingping Zhu, Benyu Liu
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor worldwide, and circular RNA circREEP3 is found to be upregulated in CRC tissues. Upregulation of circREEP3 predicts poor patient survival. Mechanistically, circREEP3 activates FKBP10 transcription to promote CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis, while restricting RIG-1-dependent antitumor immunity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Saji Uthaman, Shameer Pillarisetti, Kang Moo Huh, Chong-Su Cho, In-Kyu Park
Summary: The study synthesized drug-dye-lipid-like micelles composed of thermoresponsive poloxamer conjugated with linoleic acid loaded with a chemotherapeutic drug and a near-infrared dye to enhance antitumor immunity against progressive metastatic breast cancers. The combinatorial treatment of apoptosis-inducing nanoparticles with PTT prevented lung metastasis and triggered immune responses against advanced metastatic breast cancers.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shyambabu Chaurasiya, Yuman Fong
Summary: Virotherapy, using live viruses as therapeutics, is a relatively novel field in cancer treatment. Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women worldwide, lacks effective treatments for metastatic cases. Virotherapy shows promise as a potential treatment option with fewer side effects for breast cancer patients.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nanda Kishore Routhu, Sailaja Gangadhara, Lilin Lai, Meredith E. Davis-Gardner, Katharine Floyd, Ayalnesh Shiferaw, Yannic C. Bartsch, Stephanie Fischinger, Georges Khoury, Sheikh Abdul Rahman, Samuel David Stampfer, Alexandra Schafer, Sherrie M. Jean, Chelsea Wallace, Rachelle L. Stammen, Jennifer Wood, Cohen Joyce, Tamas Nagy, Matthew S. Parsons, Lisa Gralinski, Pamela A. Kozlowski, Galit Alter, Mehul S. Suthar, Rama Rao Amara
Summary: The study demonstrates that vaccination with MVA/SdFCS-N via the IM route can effectively induce cross-reactive antibody and T cell responses, providing better protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 VOCs compared to other vaccination routes.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Lior Nave, Ili Margalit, Noam Tau, Ido Cohen, Dana Yelin, Florian Lienert, Dafna Yahav
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine. The results provide reassuring evidence of MVA's immunogenicity and safety, but further research is needed to confirm the immunogenicity of a single dose and its clinical effectiveness.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Andrea Manni, Yuan-Wan Sun, Todd D. Schell, Tymofiy Lutsiv, Henry Thompson, Kun-Ming Chen, Cesar Aliaga, Junjia Zhu, Karam El-Bayoumy
Summary: Using a mouse model of TNBC, researchers found that dietary administration of quercetin enhanced the antitumor effects of Cyclophosphamide, a cytotoxic drug used in TNBC treatment. Quercetin modified the host's fecal microbiome and increased the frequency of T cells and NK cells, while reducing the frequency of Treg. Overall, this study suggests that microbiota-centered dietary intervention can overcome resistance to chemoimmunotherapy in TNBC.
Letter
Hematology
Richard Dillon, Robert K. Hills, Alan K. Burnett, Nigel H. Russell
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Louise C. Brown, Janet Graham, David Fisher, Richard Adams, Jenny Seligmann, Matthew Seymour, Richard Kaplan, Emma Yates, Mahesh Parmar, Susan D. Richman, Philip Quirke, Rachel Butler, Kaikeen Shiu, Gary Middleton, Leslie Samuel, Richard H. Wilson, Timothy S. Maughan
Summary: FOCUS4 is a molecularly stratified umbrella trial in metastatic colorectal cancer, using adaptive statistical methodology to close sub-trials and add new therapies. Feedback from investigators at the close of the trial was consolidated into recommendations and lessons learned for similar future trials.
Letter
Oncology
Richard Adams, Richard Wilson, Louise Brown, Timothy Maughan
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sacha J. Howell, Angela Casbard, Margherita Carucci, Kate Ingarfield, Rachel Butler, Sian Morgan, Magdalena Meissner, Catherine Bale, Pavel Bezecny, Sarah Moon, Chris Twelves, Ramachandran Venkitaraman, Simon Waters, Elza C. de Bruin, Gaia Schiavon, Andrew Foxley, Robert H. Jones
Summary: This study demonstrates that the addition of Capivasertib to fulvestrant improves progression-free survival and overall survival in women with aromatase inhibitor-resistant advanced breast cancer. The expanded genetic testing panel suggests that Capivasertib predominantly benefits patients with alterations in the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway.
Article
Oncology
Susana Banerjee, Vasiliki Michalarea, Joo Ern Ang, Alvaro Ingles Garces, Andrea Biondo, Ionut-Gabriel Funingana, Martin Little, Ruth Ruddle, Florence Raynaud, Ruth Riisnaes, Bora Gurel, Sue Chua, Nina Tunariu, Joanna C. Porter, Toby Prout, Mona Parmar, Anna Zachariou, Alison Turner, Ben Jenkins, Stuart McIntosh, Ed Ainscow, Anna Minchom, Juanita Lopez, Johann de Bono, Robert Jones, Emma Hall, Natalie Cook, Bristi Basu, Udai Banerji
Summary: CT900 is a novel small molecule inhibitor that selectively targets α-folate receptor overexpressing tumors. A dose of 12 mg/m2 every 2 weeks was found to be well-tolerated and showed clinical benefit in patients with high/medium α-FR expression.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ofer Margalit, William S. Harmsen, Einat Shacham-Shmueli, Molly M. Voss, Ben Boursi, Anna D. Wagner, Romain Cohen, Curtis L. Olswold, Leonard B. Saltz, Daniel A. Goldstein, Herbert Hurwitz, Niall C. Tebbutt, Fairooz F. Kabbinavar, Richard A. Adams, Benoist Chibaudel, Axel Grothey, Takayuki Yoshino, John Zalcberg, Aimery de Gramont, Qian Shi, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Summary: In this study, data from 3369 patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma were analyzed to investigate the sex-specific response to bevacizumab. The results showed that bevacizumab improved overall survival in both males and females, although the benefit was less significant in females. Stratified analysis based on age revealed that females under the age of 60 did not experience a survival benefit from bevacizumab.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fred Saad, Antoine Thiery-Vuillemin, Pawel Wiechno, Boris Alekseev, Nuria Sala, Robert Jones, Ivo Kocak, Vincenzo Emanuele Chiuri, Jacek Jassem, Aude Flechon, Charles Redfern, Jinyu Kang, Joseph Burgents, Christopher Gresty, Arnold Degboe, Noel W. Clarke
Summary: This study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial that explores the effect of olaparib plus abiraterone treatment on pain and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The results suggest that the combination of olaparib and abiraterone significantly improves progression-free survival without impacting pain or HRQOL.
Article
Oncology
Robert Jones, Ruth Plummer, Victor Moreno, Louise Carter, Desamparados Roda, Elena Garralda, Rebecca Kristeleit, Debashis Sarker, Tobias Arkenau, Patricia Roxburgh, Harriet S. Walter, Sarah Blagden, Alan Anthoney, Barbara J. Klencke, Mark M. Kowalski, Udai Banerji
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety, recommended dose, pharmacokinetic profile, and clinical activity of the novel checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitor SRA737 in combination with gemcitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors. The results showed that the combination of SRA737 and low-dose gemcitabine was well tolerated and demonstrated tumor responses in anogenital cancer and other solid tumors.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paula Ghaneh, Daniel Palmer, Silvia Cicconi, Richard Jackson, Christopher Michael Halloran, Charlotte Rawcliffe, Rajaram Sripadam, Somnath Mukherjee, Zahir Soonawalla, Jonathan Wadsley, Ahmed Al-Mukhtar, Euan Dickson, Janet Graham, Long Jiao, Harpreet S. Wasan, Iain S. Tait, Andreas Prachalias, Paul Ross, Juan W. Valle, Derek A. O'Reilly, Bilal Al-Sarireh, Sarah Gwynne, Irfan Ahmed, Kate Connolly, Kein-Long Yim, David Cunningham, Thomas Armstrong, Caroline Archer, Keith Roberts, Yuk Ting Ma, Christoph Springfeld, Christine Tjaden, Thilo Hackert, Markus W. Buchler, John P. Neoptolemos, European Study Group for Pancreatic Cancer European Study Grp Pancreat Canc
Summary: The study compared the feasibility and efficacy of three different types of short-course neoadjuvant therapy with immediate surgery. The findings showed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly prolonged survival, with gemcitabine plus capecitabine or FOLFIRINOX regimen demonstrating the best results.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Robert K. Hills
Summary: Prolonged cytopaenia is a recognized issue after CAR-T cell therapy, but the causes and implications are still unknown. Kitamura et al.'s study identified that alterations in the bone marrow niche prior to CAR-T therapy may be a potential predictor for long-term cytopaenia, shedding light on this serious side-effect of treatment.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Robert K. Hills
Summary: The paper by Noor et al. presents significant findings on the incidence and outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in Afghanistan. It highlights the lower age of patients compared to the Western standard, reflecting the unique demographics of the country. These findings serve as an important initial step in identifying areas for improvement.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Somnath Mukherjee, Christopher N. Hurt, Richard Adams, Andrew Bateman, Kevin M. Bradley, Sarah Bridges, Stephen Falk, Gareth Grif, Sarah Gwynne, Christopher M. Jones, PhilipJ. Markham, Tim Maughan, Lisette S. Nixon, Ganesh Radhakrishna, Rajarshi Roy, Simon Schoenbuchner, Hamid Sheikh, Emiliano Spezi, Maria Hawkins, Thomas D. L. Crosby
Summary: This study evaluated the role of F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in assessing treatment response in patients with oesophageal cancer. The results showed that early metabolic response assessment after induction chemotherapy is not prognostic for treatment failure-free survival or overall survival, and should not be used to personalize systemic therapy selection.
Article
Hematology
Mhairi Copland, Cono Ariti, Ian F. Thomas, Laura Upton, Mia Sydenham, Priyanka Mehta, Shahid Islam, Lars Kjeldsen, Alan K. Burnett, Robert K. Hills, Nigel Russell, Mike Dennis
Summary: Improving outcomes for older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia is still an unmet need. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of lenalidomide in combination with low-dose cytosine arabinoside compared to low-dose cytosine arabinoside alone in unfit patients aged over 60. The combination therapy showed a higher overall response rate, but there was no difference in overall survival between the two arms.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Stefan Milutinovic, Jun Abe, Emma Jones, Inken Kelch, Kathryn Smart, Sarah N. Lauder, Michelle Somerville, Carl Ware, Andrew Godkin, Jens V. Stein, Gib Bogle, Awen Gallimore
Summary: This study examines the remodeling of specialized blood vessels called HEVs in LY LNs and tumors using three-dimensional imaging and computational tools. The analysis reveals significant cancer- and immune-driven alterations to HEV networks, with the presence of these networks within tumors distinguishing responders from nonresponders. Successful treatment response is found to depend on the development of tumor-associated HEVs and T-cell activation.
CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nadine J. McCleary, William S. Harmsen, Ellana Haakenstad, James M. Cleary, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, John Zalcberg, Richard Adams, Axel Grothey, Alberto F. Sobrero, Eric Van Cutsem, Richard M. Goldberg, Marc Peeters, Josep Tabernero, Matt Seymour, Leonard B. Saltz, Bruce J. Giantonio, Dirk Arnold, Mace L. Rothenberg, Miriam Koopman, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Henry C. Pitot, Paulo M. Hoff, Niall Tebbutt, Gianluca Masi, John Souglakos, Carsten Bokemeyer, Volker Heinemann, Takayuki Yoshino, Benoist Chibaudel, Aimery deGramont, Qian Shi, Stuart M. Lichtman
Summary: This study evaluated the time to progression and survival outcomes of second-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer in older adults aged 70 years and older compared with younger adults. It found that older adults were less likely to receive second-line therapy, but there was no statistically significant difference in survival outcomes between older and younger adults following second-line therapy.
JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM
(2022)