Review
Rheumatology
Valeria Carnazzo, Serena Redi, Valerio Basile, Patrizia Natali, Francesca Gulli, Francesco Equitani, Mariapaola Marino, Umberto Basile
Summary: Calprotectin (CLP) is a calcium-binding protein produced by neutrophils and monocytes in inflammation. Recent studies have focused on circulating CLP, which can be measured in different biological fluids using various methods. This review highlights the correlation between high levels of circulating CLP and specific autoantibodies in major autoimmune diseases, suggesting CLP measurement as a potential biomarker for monitoring disease outcome.
Review
Immunology
Justyna Sakowska, Lukasz Arcimowicz, Martyna Jankowiak, Ines Papak, Aleksandra Markiewicz, Katarzyna Dziubek, Malgorzata Kurkowiak, Sachin Kote, Karolina Kazmierczak-Siedlecka, Karol Polom, Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska, Piotr Trzonkowski
Summary: Autoimmune diseases and cancer have traditionally been seen as separate fields of research, but recent studies have shown that studying autoimmune diseases can be beneficial in the development of anti-cancer drugs. This review discusses the role of regulatory cell populations, effector molecules, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors in the loss of self-tolerance in autoimmunity and tolerance induction in cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Christos C. Ioannou, Kate L. Laskowski
Summary: Variation between individuals is an important component of evolutionary change. Social interactions can either make behavior more similar (conformity) or divergent (differentiation) between individuals. This study argues that conformity and differentiation can be integrated onto a single scale, where conformity reduces within-group variance and differentiation increases it. Placing conformity and differentiation on a single scale allows for a deeper understanding of the relationship between social interactions and interindividual variation.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige, Chandima Jeewandara, Graham S. Ogg
Summary: There are similarities between dengue and COVID-19 infections in terms of clinical presentations and immunopathogenesis, including shared symptoms and common risk factors for severe illness. Studying the similarities between these two infections is crucial for the development of more effective therapeutic interventions.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Paneez Khoury, Praveen Akuthota, Namhee Kwon, Jonathan Steinfeld, Florence Roufosse
Summary: Elevated eosinophil counts are associated with various diseases, including severe eosinophilic asthma, hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Patients with these diseases have a high risk of morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive workup is essential for symptomatic patients, although differential diagnosis between HES and EGPA can be challenging. Treatment options vary for different variants of HES and EGPA, with oral corticosteroids being the first line of treatment. Novel eosinophil-depleting therapies show promise in reducing blood eosinophil counts and disease flares. This review provides a practical guide for diagnosing and managing systemic hypereosinophilic disorders.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Annarita Ricciardelli, Antonino Pollio, Maria Costantini, Valerio Zupo
Summary: Cyanotoxins, harmful agents produced by cyanobacteria, have been extensively studied and reviewed. Traditionally classified based on their toxic effects on mammals into neurotoxins, hepatotoxins and dermatotoxins, cyanotoxins can be further subdivided into eight distinct classes based on their molecular structures, biosynthesis and modes of action. This review discusses the biotechnological potential of cyanotoxins as anticancer, antimicrobial, and biocidal agents, and explores their unique bioactivities such as local anesthetics, antithrombotics, neuroplasticity promoters, immunomodulating agents and antifouling agents. The aim is to stimulate interdisciplinary research and facilitate the discovery of innovative biotechnologies.
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Lindsay Sawyer
Summary: The two lipocalins, beta-lactoglobulin and glycodelin, are closely related members of the lipocalin family, but they have substantially different functions. While glycodelin has well defined biological functions, the function of beta-lactoglobulin remains elusive. Glycodelin is associated with reproduction while beta-lactoglobulin's function is unclear.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katie J. Lee, Monika Janda, Mitchell S. Stark, Richard A. Sturm, H. Peter Soyer
Summary: Benign naevi are closely linked to melanoma, sharing genetic and environmental influences, yet they exhibit different local and systemic behavior. Research is ongoing to unravel the contributors and predictors of naevi and melanoma, in order to develop personalized prevention and treatment strategies. This involves a range of strategies including risk-adjusted counseling, lesion imaging technologies, artificial intelligence, genetics research, and understanding the interplay between genes, phenotype, and the environment.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gijs Van Houwelingen, Marius Van Dijke, Niek Hoogervorst, Lucas Meijs, David De Cremer
Summary: This article investigates punishment and forgiveness within organizations, arguing that both are rooted in self-regulatory processes. The authors suggest that intentional transgressions are more likely to be punished, while unintentional transgressions are more likely to be forgiven, especially among actors for whom moral identity is central.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Olivier Armantier, Jerome Foncel, Nicolas Treich
Summary: We study the determinants and frictions of insurance and portfolio decisions using household level data, and find key differences between the two decisions. Contrary to economic intuition, risky asset holding and insurance coverage increase with wealth. This can be explained by a behavioral pattern where the poor invest too conservatively and the rich over-insure, driven by regret avoidance and nonperformance risk.
JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Business
Jonathan P. Doh
Summary: This article discusses the significance of distance in International Business/International Management research, as well as the role of diversity in complementing or substituting for it, which has implications for broader assumptions and principles in the IB/IM literature.
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Economics
Giuseppe Di Vita
Summary: The study found that high levels of legislative complexity, similar to political corruption, constrain economic growth, reduce welfare levels, and result in income redistribution favoring politicians.
STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Eleonora Aronica, Emilio Ciusani, Antonietta Coppola, Cinzia Costa, Emilio Russo, Andrea Salmaggi, Fabio Perversi, Marta Maschio
Summary: Epilepsy is a common symptom in brain tumor patients. Understanding the shared mechanisms between tumors and epilepsy can help develop targeted therapies. Currently, anti-seizure medications show potential efficacy, but more high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm their use in practice.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Denise Nemeth, Enke Baldini, Salvatore Sorrenti, Vito D'Andrea, Maria Irene Bellini
Summary: Cancer and ischemic tissues share common metabolic pathways, and studying these similarities can improve outcomes of transplanted organs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Brenda Groen, Hester van Sprang
Summary: Entering a building is a moment of truth that can evoke feelings of hospitality. The physical environment and staff behavior play a key role in shaping the hospitality experience. Findings from the study suggest that security and hospitality are indeed interconnected, with a balance needed between risk mitigation and creating a welcoming atmosphere.
