期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF VISION SCIENCE, VOL 3
卷 3, 期 -, 页码 1-24出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-vision-102016-061345
关键词
horizontal cell; amacrine cell; feedback inhibition; feedforward inhibition; visual processing
Visual signals in the vertebrate retina are shaped by feedback and feed-forward inhibition in two synaptic layers. In one, horizontal cells establish fundamental center-surround receptive-field properties via morphologically and physiologically complex synapses with photoreceptors and bipolar cells. In the other, a panoply of amacrine cells imbue ganglion cell responses with spatiotemporally complex information about the visual world. Here, I review current ideas about horizontal cell signaling, considering the evidence for and against the leading, competing theories. I also discuss recent work that has begun to make sense of the remarkable morphological and physiological diversity of amacrine cells. These latter efforts have been aided tremendously by increasingly complete connectivitymaps of inner retinal circuitry and new genetic tools that enable study of individual, sparsely expressed amacrine cell types.
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