Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Fabio Pulvirenti, Zhen Liu, Paul Lundgren, Alejandro Gonzalez-Ortega, Marco Aloisi
Summary: This study investigates the Mw7.2 El Mayor Cucapah (EMC) earthquake, focusing on the variability in fault slip models due to differences in data and inversion methodologies. By optimizing slip models and considering material heterogeneities, the study finds that topography has negligible effects while heterogeneities enhance slip at depth. The earthquake is found to have higher and more spatially concentrated slip than previously thought, indicating a greater stress drop at depth.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinji Yamashita, Yuji Yagi, Ryo Okuwaki
Summary: The study used a potency density tensor approach to estimate the rupture process and fault geometry of the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake in Mexico. The results showed that the earthquake involved a normal faulting rupture, followed by strike-slip bilateral ruptures, and the rupture propagation was influenced by the complexity of the fault system.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yu Jiang, Sergey V. Samsonov, Pablo J. Gonzalez
Summary: Improved imaging of fault slip is crucial for understanding earthquakes and faulting. By introducing a new regularization method, we successfully recovered complex slip propagation patterns and estimated the spatio-temporal evolution of fault slip. Applying the method to a seismic swarm, we found that aseismic slip played a significant role and the slip rates were consistent with slow earthquake processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Mathilde Marchandon, James Hollingsworth, Mathilde Radiguet
Summary: This study investigates the potential artifact of Shallow Slip Deficit (SSD) in fault slip models for large strike-slip earthquakes. Results show that neglecting topography, variations in elastic properties, and lack of data coverage around the fault can significantly bias the slip model, leading to artificial SSD. Additionally, correlated data noise with low amplitude can also produce significant artificial SSD, highlighting the importance of systematic estimation of model uncertainty in inversion studies.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Fumiaki Tomita, Takeshi Iinuma, Ryoichiro Agata, Takane Hori
Summary: The newly developed geodetic slip inversion method using reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (rj-MCMC) technique overcomes the problems of the conventional method and can flexibly express fault-slip distributions, including spatially non-uniform distributions.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
B. Raimbault, R. Jolivet, E. Calais, S. Symithe, Y. Fukushima, P. Dubernet
Summary: On 14 August 2021, a magnitude Mw 7.2 earthquake struck the Southern Peninsula of Haiti, rupturing a segment of the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden Fault system (EPGF). The earthquake first ruptured a north-dipping fault, possibly the EPGF itself or a parallel fault, and then continued on a vertical strike-slip fault called the Ravine du Sud fault. The seismic slip distribution and regional deformation pattern indicate a segmentation of the fault system and call for a revision of earthquake hazard maps.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kelin Wang, Yijie Zhu, Edwin Nissen, Zheng-Kang Shen
Summary: Although the importance of viscoelasticity in the evolution of crustal stress/strain is widely acknowledged, earthquake potential assessment still heavily relies on elastic models. Research suggests that seismic readiness can be better represented using displacement deficit.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jay Parker, Andrea Donnellan, Roger Bilham, Lisa Grant Ludwig, Jun Wang, Marlon Pierce, Nicholas Mowery, Susanne Janecke
Summary: The study utilized UAVSAR interferograms to analyze fault slip triggered by the El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake, revealing significant off-fault deformation and secondary surface ruptures. Edge detection and transverse curve fitting were applied to identify the location and local strike of the ruptures, providing insights into the surface deformation.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Y. Yukutake, K. Yoshida, R. Honda
Summary: Recent seismic and geodetic observations indicate the involvement of pressurized fluid and aseismic slip during earthquake swarms. However, the interaction between these two factors is not fully understood. In this study, the researchers observed geodetic signals induced by aseismic opening and shear dislocation, as well as hypocenter migration during an earthquake swarm in the Hakone volcano, central Japan. The observations suggest that fluid intrusion caused the aseismic slip, and the complex migration of the hypocenters reflects the propagation of aseismic slip.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sota Murakami, Tsuyoshi Ichimura, Kohei Fujita, Takane Hori, Yusaku Ohta
Summary: Estimating the coseismic slip distribution and interseismic slip-deficit distribution is crucial for understanding massive earthquakes and predicting damage. Improvements in measurement precision and observation point numbers in seafloor observations are proposed, but quantitative evaluation in cases of new observation points or improved observation methods is lacking. Advances in crustal structure models allow for accurate slip estimation through numerical experiments, as demonstrated in this study with a method to quantitatively evaluate estimation accuracy improvements. Observation of seafloor crustal deformation near the trench axis is shown to be extremely important for estimation performance.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yanchuan Li, Jean-Mathieu Nocquet, Xinjian Shan, Xiaogang Song
Summary: The study investigated the spatial distribution of aseismic creep on the Laohushan-Haiyuan fault using GPS and InSAR data, identifying three creep sections along the fault. It was revealed that vertical motion may lead to an overestimation of creep rate.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Angela Meneses-Gutierrez, Paul Segall, Takeshi Sagiya
Summary: This study analyzed conventional horizontal geodetic data and GPS data from 1890 to 2009 in NE Japan to investigate interseismic deformation over a centennial time scale. The results show that the conventional geodetic data and observations during the GPS era are comparable, suggesting that the deceleration of strain rate before the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake did not start prior to the beginning of GPS observations in the mid-1990s. Further research is needed to integrate these results with observations of vertical deformation and physical modeling for a better understanding of the tectonic and seismological implications.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lijia He, Guangcai Feng, Xiongxiao Wu, Hao Lu, Wenbin Xu, Yuedong Wang, Jihong Liu, Jun Hu, Zhiwei Li
Summary: The Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake on May 22nd, 2021 in Tibet Plateau activated at least five fault segments with curved geometry and peak coseismic slip of about 5 m. Postseismic slip mainly occurred toward the downdip direction of the main coseismic slip asperities, accounting for approximately 15.3% of the coseismic one. Stress analysis suggests that the nucleation of the Maduo earthquake is partially facilitated by the 1947 M7.7 Dari earthquake.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geology
Valerie J. Sahakian, Boe J. Derosier, Thomas K. Rockwell, Joann M. Stock
Summary: Researchers conducted geological exploration in the Imperial Valley, California, and found that the strain partitioning and interactions among faults in this region may be more complex than previously thought. By collecting high-resolution seismic imaging data, they discovered the important role of the Imperial fault and other underestimated faults in the deformation of the Earth's crust in this area.
Article
Geology
Marco Bonini
Summary: Earthquakes can trigger increased gas emissions in hydrogeological systems, but the factors controlling long-lasting degassing are poorly understood. This study explores the potential role of different triggering mechanisms for postseismic degassing and finds a spatial correlation between unclamping stress and increased gas flow.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mong-Han Huang, Kathrine Udell Lopez, Kira G. Olsen
Summary: This study investigates icequakes in the rift zone of the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica and reveals the slip depth and surface movement patterns during the fracturing process. The results show that the icequake slip depth is approximately 7.8 meters below the rift melange and the majority of icequakes occur during falling tides.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
W. J. Hahm, D. N. Dralle, M. Sanders, A. B. Bryk, K. E. Fauria, M. H. Huang, B. Hudson-Rasmussen, M. D. Nelson, M. A. Pedrazas, L. Schmidt, J. Whiting, W. E. Dietrich, D. M. Rempe
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of water storage in bedrock and its implications for water availability and groundwater recharge. The findings show that in wet years, bedrock quickly replenishes water storage and recharges groundwater, while in drought years, water storage declines, resulting in water stress for woody plants.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Wenbin Xu, Xiaoge Liu, Roland Buergmann, Lei Xie, Guangcai Feng, Zhiwei Li, Lixin Wu
Summary: This study investigates the surface deformation after the 2018 Papua New Guinea earthquake and deduces fault slip models using remote sensing data. The results reveal that the earthquake reactivated fault structures and most of the slip occurred between 5 and 25 km. Additionally, three separated postseismic slip zones were identified.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kathryn R. Franklin, Mong-Han Huang
Summary: This study used high spatial and temporal geodetic measurements to monitor the interseismic crustal deformation and strain rate in Taiwan. The results revealed significant deformation along the plate boundary between the Philippine Sea and the Eurasian Plates, as well as high strain rate in the southern part of the Western Foothills, providing valuable insights for future seismic hazard models.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kang Wang, Douglas S. Dreger, Roland Burgmann, Taka 'aki Taira
Summary: We present a finite-source coseismic slip model of the 2021 M-w 6.0 Antelope Valley earthquake based on the joint inversion of regional seismic waveforms, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), and Global Navigation Satellite Systems data. The results show that the mainshock rupture was dominated by normal slip along a nearly north-south-trending fault dipping to the east. Most coseismic slip is found to be within a depth range between 6 and 10 km, with apparently no slip reaching the surface. Aftershocks one year after the mainshock are mostly distributed within a relatively narrow band around the up-dip portion of the inferred coseismic rupture plane. There is little to no postseismic deformation seen from InSAR observations similar to 2 months after the mainshock.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xu Yuankun, Lu Zhong, Roland Burgmann, Scott Hensley, Eric Fielding, Jinwoo Kim
Summary: The utilization of X/C/L-band InSAR for ground deformation surveying has been successful globally, but monitoring forested lands remains a challenge. To address this, we conducted an experiment using P-band SAR over diverse terrains of the U.S. West Coast. The results show that P-band InSAR outperforms L-band data in identifying ground deformation within forested regions and measuring high-gradient displacements.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhe Su, Roland Buergmann, Erchie Wang
Summary: The Sichuan basin, located adjacent to the Tibetan Plateau, is an ideal marker for testing the extrusion process of the plateau. Seismic activity in the basin is intense, with earthquakes occurring at depths ranging from 8 to 25 km. The deformation pattern suggests counterclockwise bookshelf rotation of the crystalline basement in response to the southeast extrusion of the Chuan-Dian block.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. M. Donaldson, M. Zimmer, M. -H. Huang, K. N. Johnson, B. Hudson-Rasmussen, N. Finnegan, N. Barling, R. P. Callahan
Summary: This study investigates the development of the critical zone (CZ) in rain-dominated systems by comparing two slopes, one facing north and one facing south. The results show that the north-facing slope has denser vegetation and higher soil moisture, which aligns with previous research. However, contrary to expectations, the surface slope and weathered bedrock thickness are similar between the two slopes. These findings suggest that the dominant processes for CZ evolution may vary across regions.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Liuwei Xu, Zhang Yunjun, Chen Ji, Lingsen Meng, Eric J. Fielding, Robert Zinke, Han Bao
Summary: In this study, slowness-enhanced back-projection (BP) and joint finite fault inversion were used to image the rupture process of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, Tibet earthquake. The results reveal a left-lateral strike-slip rupture propagating bilaterally on a 160 km long north-dipping sub-vertical fault system that bifurcates near its east end. The earthquake has a peak slip of 5.7 m, with 80% of the total seismic moment occurring on the asperities shallower than 10 km.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wenbin Xu, Lei Xie, Roland Burgmann, Xiaoge Liu, Jiageng Wang
Summary: Using InSAR data, we document surface displacements of Wolf volcano in the Galapagos Islands. We find that the volcano experienced 6 years of continuous inflation after the 2015 eruption, followed by a shallow flank eruption in January 2022. Our deformation model suggests that stress interactions between a vertical caldera ring-fault and a radial dike on the southeast flank promote flank eruptions, providing an alternative view of magma supply during these eruptions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yao Li, Nannan Li, Mengru Shen, Liwen Cao, Jiaqi Ling, Qingqing Xu, Jiangang Qu, Yangyang Fan
Summary: In this article, an innovative organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant, MPKG, was developed by reacting phytic acid (PA) with melamine (MA), γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550), and graphene oxide (GO). A fiber membrane incorporating MPKG was fabricated through electrospinning. The flame retardancy and resilience to soaping of the fiber membrane were evaluated. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in total heat release and an increase in LOI and char yield, highlighting the enhancing effect of MPKG on the flame retardancy of the fiber membrane. Importantly, the MPKG/PU fiber membrane exhibits robust resistance to soaping.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin Bai, Zhenhong Li, Roland Burgmann, Yong Zhao, Liming Jiang, Guoliang Cao, Chaoying Zhao, Qin Zhang, Jianbing Peng
Summary: In this study, the spatiotemporal evolution of groundwater storage (GWS) in a confined aquifer system in Hengshui, North China Plain was analyzed. The results show a significant decrease in GWS during the study period, primarily driven by climate variability and anthropogenic activities. The integration of different data sources allows for the separation of these two influences. Additionally, traditional well observations alone are insufficient to capture the spatiotemporal evolution of GWS due to their limited spatial density.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Berit Hudson M. Rasmussen, Mong-Han Huang, W. Jesse Hahm, Daniella M. Rempe, David Dralle, Mariel D. Nelson
Summary: This study examines the variation in soil thickness and bedrock weathering across ridge and valley topography in the Northern California Coast Ranges. Seismic surveys and borehole observations reveal a high velocity gradient zone located beneath ridgetops, which coincides with transitions in material strength and chemical depletion. Despite differing slope aspects, the thickness of saprolite remains consistent. The aspect-independent weathering structure suggests a legacy of past climate and vegetation conditions at the study site.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh, Shuanggen Jin, Estelle Chaussard, Roland Burgmann, Abolfazl Rezaei, Saba Ghotbi, Andreas Braun
Summary: Tracking the inelastic deformation of an aquifer is crucial for understanding the stress it experiences and evaluating the impact of extraction practices in a region's hydrogeological setting. However, monitoring the transition from elastic to inelastic deformation is challenging, especially in a dry climate like the Abarkuh Plain (AP). In this study, we used multi-sensor Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar data from 2003 to 2020 to define the confined extent of the aquifer system and track the spatial evolution of inelastic deformation in central Iran. Our findings indicate that previously unaffected areas are now experiencing inelastic deformation, resulting in irreversible subsidence and aquifer storage loss. The thickness of compacted clay units and declining water heads within the confined extents of the aquifer system play significant roles in controlling and driving long-term compaction.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alexander L. Handwerger, Mong-Han Huang, Shannan Y. Jones, Pukar Amatya, Hannah R. Kerner, Dalia B. Kirschbaum
Summary: Utilizing satellite data and a cloud-based platform to generate landslide density heatmaps on a multi-temporal stack basis can rapidly detect surface changes within days of a landslide event. Combining data from ascending and descending satellites and applying topographic masks helps improve the detection capability of landslides.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)