Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katrine Bodkergaard, Randi Marie Selmer, Jesper Hallas, Lars Joran Kjerpeseth, Eva Skovlund, Henrik Stovring
Summary: The purpose of this study was to improve the precision of prescription duration estimates using the reverse waiting time distribution (rWTD). By increasing the number of random index dates, precision improved without affecting bias, but coverage probabilities decreased. In simulation studies, with no misspecification, the rWTD showed negligible bias and decreasing root mean square error (RMSE) with more index dates.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anibal Garcia-Sempere, Isabel Hurtado, Salvador Peiro, Francisco Sanchez-Saez, Clara Liliana Rodriguez-Bernal, Magda Puig-Ferrer, Manuel Escolano, Gabriel Sanfelix-Gimeno
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of different interventions on improving the appropriateness of off-label prescription of immediate-release formulations of fentanyl (IRF). Although the use of IRF decreased, the interventions had limited and temporary effects on off-label prescription.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Pazzagli, David Liang, Morten Andersen, Marie Linder, Abdul Rauf Khan, Maurizio Sessa
Summary: The assessment of the duration of pharmacological prescriptions is crucial in pharmacoepidemiologic studies, and the Sessa Empirical Estimator (SEE) is a promising new method for computing prescription duration. The SEE showed good accuracy and sensitivity when compared to simulated and real-world data and outperformed the Researcher-Defined Duration (RDD) method.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Luis Fernando Valladales-Restrepo, Manuel Enrique Machado-Duque, Andres Gaviria-Mendoza, Diana Fiorella Lopez-Caicedo, Juan Alberto Ospina-Cano, Maria Camila Oyuela-Gutierrez, Dayron Fernando Martinez-Pulgarin, Jorge Enrique Machado-Alba
Summary: This study described the prescription patterns of medications used to treat conjunctivitis in a Colombian population. The results showed that many patients are not being managed according to clinical practice guidelines, with an excessive use of antibiotics and corticosteroids being common.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Inge Raadal Skov, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Hanne Madsen, Anton Pottegard, Jesper Romhild Davidsen
Summary: From 1999 to 2018, the prevalence of OCS users among young adults with active asthma in Denmark has remained relatively stable, with a decrease in high-users and annual consumption.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yosia Nurhan, Jay R. Johnson, Jonathan R. Homan, Simon Wing, Markus J. Aschwanden
Summary: The study reveals that the distribution of large waiting times in random processes driven by the solar activity cycle exhibits a power law slope; the waiting time distributions of solar flares, CMEs, geomagnetic storms, and substorms tend towards a power law distribution; the waiting time distribution of substorms during solar minimum may be influenced by prolonged periods of weak driving.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
A. Hamina, A. E. Muller, T. Clausen, S. Skurtveit, M. Hesse, C. Tjagvad, B. Thylstrup, I Odsbu, H. Zoega, H. L. Jonsdottir, H. Taipale
Summary: The use of prescription opioids among adults aged 65 and over in Nordic countries remained stable or decreased from 2009 to 2018, with an increase in treatment intensity observed. Despite cultural and healthcare system similarities, significant differences in opioid utilization were found among the countries. National efforts should focus on improving pain management for the elderly and monitoring future trends in oxycodone utilization.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
R. D. Strauss, Nigussie M. Giday, Ephrem B. Seba, Daniel A. Chekole, Gemechu F. Garuma, Bereket H. Kassa, Teshome Dugassa, C. Diedericks
Summary: We discuss a newly established neutron monitor station in Ethiopia, which can detect individual neutrons and calculate waiting time distribution. A new quantity called the correlation ratio is proposed as a proxy for the spectral index of atmospheric particles incident on the monitor. The ENTOTO mini-neutron monitor measurements are expected to contribute to the understanding of cosmic ray acceleration and transport.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Fu, Sha-Sha Ke, Yong Guo, Huai-Wu Zhang, Hai-Feng Lu
Summary: We studied the electron transport and waiting time distribution in a topological superconducting Coulomb island system weakly coupled to two metallic leads. We found that super-Poissonian shot noise could be induced when the Majorana energy splitting is larger than the charging energy, due to the lifting of degeneracy of ground states by a finite Majorana energy splitting. The behaviors of waiting time distributions in a Majorana island device can help identify the existence of Majorana bound states.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Oliver Scholle, Antje Neubert, Oliver Riedel, Irmgard Toni, Ulrike Haug
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and types of prescription drugs used repeatedly in children and adolescents in Germany in 2016. The results showed significant variations in the proportion as well as the type of drugs used repeatedly by sex and age, raising concerns regarding appropriateness of prescribing certain drugs that should be addressed in future studies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Caroline McCarthy, Michelle Flood, Barbara Clyne, Susan M. Smith, Fiona Boland, Emma Wallace, Frank Moriarty
Summary: Deprescribing is important for safe prescribing, especially for patients with polypharmacy. This study explores the relationship between revised patients' attitudes towards deprescribing (rPATD) scores and medication changes in older patients. The results show that patients willing to stop medication are more likely to engage in deprescribing and starting new medication, while those satisfied with current medications are less likely to engage in deprescribing.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marta Estrela, Tania Magalhaes Silva, Eva Rebelo Gomes, Maria Pineiro, Adolfo Figueiras, Fatima Roque, Maria Teresa Herdeiro
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an immediate reduction in the prescription of anxiolytics, sedatives and hypnotics for children and adolescents in Portugal, while these drugs have seen an increasing trend among adults. On the other hand, there was a drop in antidepressant prescription immediately among male and female adolescents and elderly women.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Long Huo, Xin Chen
Summary: This paper investigates the significance of network redundancy for cascading failures in power networks and analyzes network partitions in different redundant networks using waiting-time distributions. The study finds that in power networks with larger global redundancies, multiple largest network partitions may occur.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Dominic J. Skinner, Jorn Dunkel
Summary: This research focuses on the operation and energy consumption of living systems in non-equilibrium states, proposing a method using hidden Markov process waiting time statistics to bound entropy production. By inferring entropy production bounds from experimental data for gene regulatory networks, mammalian behavioral dynamics, and other biological processes, the necessary entropic cost of heartbeat regulation in humans, dogs, and mice is estimated.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Renato Amorim, Gabriele Villarini
Summary: The detection of nonstationarities in partial duration time series depends on several factors. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performance of different approaches, including Spearman's rho, Mann-Kendall, OLS, SEN, and the nonstationary generalized Pareto distribution fit. The results show that all tests gain power with an increase in sample size and nonstationarity, and a decrease in the shape parameter. It is recommended to use nonparametric tests in samples with high positive skew. Using sampling rates greater than one to increase the PDS sample size is encouraged, especially for small records. SEN is preferable over OLS for estimating the magnitude of a trend when the shape parameter is positive.
JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Soren Viborg Vestergaard, Henrik Birn, Simon Kok Jensen, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Dorothea Nitsch, Christian Fynbo Christiansen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence, histopathology, and mortality of adult nephrotic syndrome over a 24-year period. The study found a slight increase in the incidence of adult nephrotic syndrome and a significant decrease in mortality. These findings may reflect changes in epidemiology or awareness and coding of nephrotic syndrome.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cecilia Hvitfeldt Fuglsang, Istvan Bakos, Kristina Laugesen, Frederikke Schonfeldt Troelsen, Erzsebet Horvath-Puho, Henrik Toft Sorensen
Summary: This population-based cohort study in Denmark investigated the association between smoking during pregnancy and the risk of appendicitis in offspring. The results showed a slightly higher hazard rate for children of smoking mothers compared to nonsmokers. The association may be mediated by later-life exposures.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Kala M. Mehta, Karin Lottrup Petersen, Steve Goodman, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Martin Bogsted, Jeppe Dorup Olesen, Sylvia Burks, Richard E. Shaw, Jens Dahlgaard Hove, Jakob Ousager, Carlos Milla, Vibeke Andersen, Niels Ejskjaer, Vibeke Brix-Christensen, Shomit Ghose, Andreas Kjaer, Peter V. Chin-Hong
Summary: The Danish-American Research Exchange (DARE) program provides Danish medical students with the opportunity to collaborate and conduct biomedical research with US medical institutions. This program enhances students' research skills and interdisciplinary thinking, and encourages exploration of low-cost healthcare interventions. Analysis of the research outcomes and intentions of DARE alumni suggests that this medical student-initiated research model has positive effects on promoting binational collaboration in medicine.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Frederikke Schonfeldt Troelsen, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Lars Pedersen, Lone Dragnes Brix, Louise Bang Grode, Evelien Dekker, Rune Erichsen
Summary: This study investigated the plausible explanations for post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) in a Danish Region using the World Endoscopy Organization algorithm, finding that most PCCRCs originate from possible missed lesions and incompletely resected lesions. These findings underscore the importance of quality assurance of colonoscopy procedures and polypectomy techniques.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ola Olen, Karin E. Smedby, Rune Erichsen, Lars Pedersen, Jonas Halfvarson, Asa Hallqvist-Everhov, Johan SWIBREG Study Grp, Johan Askling, Anders Ekbom, Michael C. Sachs, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Summary: Earlier studies on lymphoma risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have provided varying estimates, but have been limited by detection biases, misclassification, and small sample sizes. Our binational cohort study found that the risk of lymphoma has increased in Crohn's disease (CD) patients over the past 20 years, but not in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. The increase in risk was mainly driven by T-cell lymphomas and aggressive B-cell lymphomas.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anne Gedebjerg, Mette Bjerre, Alisa Devedzic Kjaergaard, Jens Steen Nielsen, Jorgen Rungby, Ivan Brandslund, Michael Maeng, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Allan Vaag, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Troels Krarup Hansen, Reimar Wernich Thomsen
Summary: We investigated the relationship between hs-CRP and C-peptide in patients with recently diagnosed T2D and found that high levels of hs-CRP were associated with increased risk of CVEs and all-cause mortality. Patients with high levels of both biomarkers had the highest risk. These findings have important implications for early detection and prevention of deadly diseases beyond CVEs.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
N. R. Gadgaard, C. Varnum, R. G. H. H. Nelissen, C. Vandenbroucke-Grauls, H. T. Sorensen, A. B. Pedersen
Summary: The impact of comorbidity on infection risk among hip fracture patients is not clear, but a high incidence of infection was found. Comorbidity was identified as an important risk factor for infection up to 1 year after surgery. The results indicate a need for increased investment and support for patients with high comorbidity in pre- and postoperative programs.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Mette Bliddal, Rikke Wesselhoeft, Anton Pottegard
Article
Pediatrics
Mette Bliddal, Rikke Wesselhoeft, Katrine Strandberg-Larsen, Martin T. Ernst, Myrna M. Weissman, Jay A. Gingrich, Ardesheer Talati, Anton Pottegard
Summary: This study used Danish population data to examine the association between maternal use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during pregnancy and children outcomes. The results showed that children of mothers who used SSRIs during pregnancy had higher risk of depressive, anxiety, and adjustment disorders, and earlier age of onset of these disorders compared to children of mothers who did not use SSRIs or discontinued SSRIs use before conception. Paternal use of SSRIs in the absence of maternal use during pregnancy and maternal use only after pregnancy were also associated with these outcomes.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Morten Schmidt, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Lars Pedersen
Summary: This study investigated the dose dependency of diclofenac's cardiovascular risks by using Danish health registries and a target trial emulation design. The results showed that both high-dose and low-dose diclofenac users had a similar increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to non-users. This finding challenges the assumption that low-dose diclofenac is risk-neutral.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Blanaid Hicks, James A. Kaye, Laurent Azoulay, Kasper Bruun Kristensen, Laurel A. Habel, Anton Pottegard
Summary: With the increasing utilization of medications worldwide, there is a growing opportunity and need for robust studies evaluating drug-cancer associations. Using lag times is an important methodology in such studies. This review discusses the reasons for using lag times, the long latency period of cancer, and practical advice for implementing lag periods.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carina Lundby, Marianne Nielsen, Trine Simonsen, Stine Galsgaard, Maija Bruun Haastrup, Lene Vestergaard Ravn-Nielsen, Anton Pottegard
Summary: Understanding the attitudes and perspectives of older psychiatric patients towards deprescribing is crucial for promoting patient-centered care. This study found that half of the patients had an intrinsic desire to stop taking medication, while the majority were willing to do so on their physician's advice. Concerns about missing out on future benefits and previous negative experiences with deprescribing were also significant factors influencing patient attitudes.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dagrun Slettebo Daltveit, Kari Klungsoyr, Anders Engeland, Anders Ekbom, Mika Gissler, Ingrid Glimelius, Tom Grotmol, Laura Madanat-Harjuoja, Anne Gulbech Ording, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Rebecca Troisi, Tone Bjorge
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jazmine Abril, Britton Trabert, Rebecca Troisi, Tom Grotmol, Anders Ekbom, Anders Engeland, Mika Gissler, Ingrid Glimelius, Laura Madanat-Harjuoja, Anne Gulbech Ording, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Steinar Tretli, Tone Bjorge
Summary: This study examines the risk factors for uterine sarcoma and compares them with MMMTs and type I endometrial carcinomas. The results show that risk factors vary substantially between uterine sarcoma and MMMTs.
CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Holly Elser, Erzsebet Horvath-Puho, Jaimie L. Gradus, Meghan L. Smith, Timothy L. Lash, M. Maria Glymour, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Victor W. Henderson
Summary: Late-life depressive symptoms are associated with subsequent dementia diagnosis and may be an early symptom or response to preclinical disease. Evaluating associations with early- and middle-life depression will help clarify whether depression influences dementia risk.