Article
Food Science & Technology
Fatma Pehlivan Karakas, Cisem Nildem Keskin, Ferdi Agil, Nusret Zencirci
Summary: This study evaluated and compared the content of vitamin B and E in wheat grass and grain of four different wheat species. The results showed that einkorn wheat grass contains higher amounts of B1, B2, and B5, and also higher total vitamin E content compared to modern wheat species.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Flaviano Trasmundi, Angelica Galieni, Fabiola Eugelio, Federico Fanti, Paolo Benincasa, Michele Del Carlo, Manuel Sergi, Fabio Stagnari
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on the germination process of Triticum durum grains, and found that the optimal salinity level for maximizing the production of phytochemicals, particularly phenolic compounds, needs further investigation. The results showed that higher concentrations of NaCl significantly affected germination performance. Salinity induced the accumulation of phenolic compounds in both roots and shoots, with the highest accumulation observed at 200 mM NaCl.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Chiara Broccanello, Diana Bellin, Giovanni DalCorso, Antonella Furini, Francesca Taranto
Summary: Addressing climate change challenges in durum wheat production is crucial for ensuring food and nutrition security in the Mediterranean region. Exploiting the genetic variability in landrace populations has emerged as a strategy to enhance durum wheat adaptation to environmental stresses. This review highlights the importance of durum wheat landraces as a genetic resource for improving the sustainability of Mediterranean agroecosystems, focusing on adaptive traits and the development of molecular markers for selection.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kefyalew Negisho, Surafel Shibru, Andrea Matros, Klaus Pillen, Frank Ordon, Gwendolin Wehner
Summary: This study aimed to explore the associations between different drought indices and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to improve the drought tolerance of durum wheat in Ethiopia. Through analysis, potential gene loci were discovered that can increase yield and improve drought tolerance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hedia Manai-Djebali, Salma Nait-Mohamed, Majdi Hammami, Ahmed Mliki, Abdelwahed Ghorbel
Summary: This study investigated five modern varieties of durum wheat harvested in northern Tunisia, analyzing their technological and nutritional characteristics. The results showed that all wheat samples had low grain glassiness values, fatty acidity, and moisture levels, while having high thousandths weight, weight, and monounsaturated fatty acids. They also contained appreciable amounts of gluten and total protein. Dihydroferulic acid was identified as the most abundant phenolic compound. The wheat variety strongly influenced technological and chemical parameters, as shown by chemometric tools.
BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Temesgen Dagnaw, Behailu Mulugeta, Teklehaimanot Haileselassie, Mulatu Geleta, Rodomiro Ortiz, Kassahun Tesfaye
Summary: Ethiopia is a center of origin and diversity for durum wheat, and this study aimed at assessing the genetic diversity of Ethiopian durum wheat germplasm. The research utilized phenotypic traits and SSR markers to analyze the genetic variation among 104 durum wheat genotypes. The results revealed high levels of phenotypic and molecular diversity, and distinct groupings of cultivars and landraces. The study also identified markers associated with important grain yield and quality traits, highlighting the potential of Ethiopian landraces for cultivar development and food security.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohamed Taieb Bouteraa, Walid Ben Romdhane, Anis Ben Hsouna, Fatma Amor, Chantal Ebel, Rania Ben Saad
Summary: In this study, 19 GASA genes were identified and analyzed in Triticum turgidum. Their chromosomal locations, exon-intron distribution, physiochemical properties, and subcellular localization were determined. Differential expression patterns of these genes in various tissues and under different stress conditions were observed, indicating their potential roles in growth, development, and stress responses. The heterologous expression of certain GASA genes in yeast showed improved stress tolerance, suggesting their involvement in abiotic stress mechanisms.
Article
Plant Sciences
Maria Dolores Requena-Ramirez, Cristina Rodriguez-Suarez, Fernando Flores, Damaso Hornero-Mendez, Sergio G. Atienza
Summary: This study confirms the importance of carotenoids in durum wheat and identifies several genes and QTL regions associated with carotenoid content and profile, providing potential sources for carotenoid improvement.
Article
Agronomy
Ieva Urbanaviciute, Luca Bonfiglioli, Mario A. Pagnotta
Summary: The study analyzed the diversity of root systems in six durum wheat accessions under drought conditions and evaluated root traits using a high-throughput phenotyping scanner. The results showed significant variability in root development, distribution, and architecture among the different genotypes. Interestingly, the two drought-tolerant genotypes exhibited different root system ideotypes and rooting patterns. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between the root angle of plants grown in greenhouse conditions and plants grown in the field.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ana Paola Valladares Garcia, Francesca Desiderio, Rosanna Simeone, Stefano Ravaglia, Roberto Ciorba, Agostino Fricano, Davide Guerra, Antonio Blanco, Luigi Cattivelli, Elisabetta Mazzucotelli
Summary: This study aimed to determine the genetic control of kernel size and shape in durum wheat and explore their relationships with kernel weight, plant height, and heading date. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping was performed on a population of 110 recombinant inbred lines, resulting in the identification of stable QTLs on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4B, 6B, and 7A. A QTL cluster on chromosome 4B was particularly associated with kernel size traits and thousand kernel weight (TKW), demonstrating the potential for improving durum wheat germplasm. The results of this study provide valuable insights for utilizing genetic diversity in emmer wheat for wheat breeding and yield improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Daniyar Tajibayev, Kadyrzhan Mukin, Adylkhan Babkenov, Vladimir Chudinov, Abdelfattah A. Dababat, Karlyga Jiyenbayeva, Serik Kenenbayev, Timur Savin, Vladimir Shamanin, Kuttymurat Tagayev, Askhat Rsymbetov, Minura Yessimbekova, Vadim Yusov, Ruslan Zhylkybaev, Alexey Morgounov, Muhammad Tanveer Altaf, Muhammad Azhar Nadeem, Faheem Shehzad Baloch
Summary: This study characterized 151 durum wheat cultivars and advanced lines from Kazakhstan-Siberia Spring Wheat Improvement Network through phenotypic and molecular analysis. The longer growing season in Almaty resulted in a higher number of grains per spike. Despite smaller grain size, there was no correlation in germplasm performance between the two sites.
Review
Agronomy
Fernando Martinez-Moreno, Karim Ammar, Ignacio Solis
Summary: This study estimates the historical global area of durum wheat cultivation based on data from major producing countries. During the 19th century, durum wheat accounted for around 14-16% of global wheat production, but its proportion declined steadily as new wheat varieties were introduced. Currently, its proportion remains stable at around 6-7%.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Romina Beleggia, Nooshin Omranian, Yan Holtz, Tania Gioia, Fabio Fiorani, Franca M. Nigro, Nicola Pecchioni, Pasquale De Vita, Ulrich Schurr, Jacques L. David, Zoran Nikoloski, Roberto Papa
Summary: The study reveals distinct gene and metabolite expression patterns in response to nitrogen starvation in two different tetraploid wheat genotypes, with durum wheat showing broader and stronger responses compared to emmer wheat. Durum wheat exhibits tighter regulation of metabolism compared to emmer wheat. Glutamate and GABA play critical roles in the genotype-specific response to nitrogen starvation in durum wheat and emmer wheat.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jun Zhou, Chen Zhang, Buyun Du, Hongbiao Cui, Xingjun Fan, Dongmei Zhou, Jing Zhou
Summary: The study demonstrated that soil applications of Se and Si were effective in reducing Cd accumulation in wheat, leading to decreased toxicity to humans. Selenium was more effective than Si in mitigating Cd-induced toxicity, especially in soft wheat, likely due to the higher tolerance of durum wheat to Cd. The regulation of Cd transport genes by Se and Si applications played a key role in reducing Cd concentrations in wheat grains.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tekmile Cankurtaran Komurcu
Summary: The aim of this study was to improve the nutritional value and functional properties of noodles by using different primitive wheat and whole egg. The physical, chemical, textural, and functional properties of noodles were investigated using flours of two different primitive wheat and whole egg. Noodles containing Triticum dicoccum showed higher levels of protein, fat, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content compared to Triticum monococcum-containing samples. The use of whole egg significantly affected the ash, fat, protein content, antioxidant activity, total yellow pigment, color value, and cooking properties of noodle samples.
FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Angelica Galieni, Nicola D'Ascenzo, Fabio Stagnari, Giancarlo Pagnani, Qingguo Xie, Michele Pisante
Summary: Plant stress detection is crucial for improving crop yield in the current global environment affected by climate change and the geopolitical consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic. A variety of technologies are available for stress detection, with quantitative methods being sensitive at small scales, while qualitative methods are more suitable for larger scales, each with their own advantages and limitations.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Silvia Traversari, Sonia Cacini, Angelica Galieni, Beatrice Nesi, Nicola Nicastro, Catello Pane
Summary: Ornamental plant production is a significant sector of the horticultural industry globally, but fungal infections can cause serious economic losses. Developing new sustainable strategies to control pathogens is necessary to reduce the use of pesticides. Early and accurate detection of symptoms, through digital-based detection and available tools, is essential for effective disease management.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marika Pellegrini, Giancarlo Pagnani, Massimiliano Rossi, Sara D'Egidio, Maddalena Del Gallo, Cinzia Forni
Summary: The study focused on analyzing the application of a consortium of four bacteria in open field cultivation of carrots, demonstrating their positive impacts on plant growth and soil microbial community. Each strain in the consortium showed different characteristics in promoting plant growth and phosphate solubilization, with positive effects observed on plant development and soil fertility. The research deepened our understanding of these bacteria and highlighted their potential for sustainable agriculture as biofertilizers.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Francesco Calzarano, Giancarlo Pagnani, Michele Pisante, Mirella Bellocci, Giuseppe Cillo, Elisa Giorgia Metruccio, Stefano Di Marco
Summary: The study on grapevine leaves found that untreated asymptomatic diseased vines had high calcium contents for most of the vegetative season, while treated asymptomatic diseased vines showed higher contents of calcium, magnesium, and sodium before fruit set, with better physiological efficiency. The results confirmed the strong response of the plant to symptom expression development and the possibility of limiting this response through calcium and magnesium applications.
Article
Agronomy
Karima Djouadi, Arezki Mekliche, Sonia Dahmani, Nadia Insaf Ladjiar, Yasmine Abid, Zakaria Silarbi, Abdelmadjid Hamadache, Michele Pisante
Summary: The study found that no-tillage systems in semi-arid conditions for durum wheat cultivation can achieve higher grain yields, especially in dry years. Yield components and quality parameters are more affected by climatic conditions rather than tillage treatments.
Article
Plant Sciences
Emanuele Antonecchia, Markus Backer, Daniele Cafolla, Mariachiara Ciardiello, Charlotte Kuhl, Giancarlo Pagnani, Jiale Wang, Shuai Wang, Feng Zhou, Nicola D'Ascenzo, Lucio Gialanella, Michele Pisante, Georg Rose, Qingguo Xie
Summary: Positron Emission Tomography is a digital imaging technique used to measure the changes of metabolic and transport mechanisms in plants. The development of dedicated plant PET systems faces challenges in environmental control, field of view, and shape adaptation. This paper proposes a design for dedicated plant PET scanners and suggests a method to evaluate their performance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Matteo Petito, Silvia Cantalamessa, Giancarlo Pagnani, Francesco Degiorgio, Barbara Parisse, Michele Pisante
Summary: Inappropriate agricultural management leads to increased soil loss rates and land degradation. Conservation agriculture (CA) can significantly reduce soil erosion risk in the Mediterranean region compared to conventional management (CM). This study evaluates the importance of adopting CA for soil erosion assessment in Apulia region using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and remote sensing (RS) data.
Article
Plant Sciences
Catello Pane, Angelica Galieni, Carmela Riefolo, Nicola Nicastro, Annamaria Castrignano
Summary: The study utilized hyperspectral-based proximal sensing to detect plant reflectance response to different treatments of wild rocket beds. It found that compost and laminarin treatments had the most impact on crops, resulting in increased water intake and stress-related pigment adjustment, respectively. Plants under conventional chemical management exhibited better vigor and health status compared to the untreated control.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nicola D'Ascenzo, Qingguo Xie, Emanuele Antonecchia, Mariachiara Ciardiello, Giancarlo Pagnani, Michele Pisante
Summary: Time activity curve (TAC) signal processing in plant PET is a frontier nuclear science technique that can extract quantitative fluid dynamic flow parameters of the plant vascular system. Sparse sampling affects the extraction of FD variables, which currently can only be obtained as averaged values. This study proposes a novel sparse data assimilation digital signal processing method that takes into account the numerical diffusion due to sparse sampling.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Francesco Calzarano, Leonardo Seghetti, Giancarlo Pagnani, Elisa Giorgia Metruccio, Stefano Di Marco
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of copper chabasite-rich zeolitite against downy mildew in a two-year experiment conducted in Italian vineyards. The results showed that the copper zeolitite had similar control effects as conventional fungicides. Furthermore, the treated vines had a lower percentage of infected bunches and berries, and the wines made from these vines had increased polyphenol content and color intensity.
