Article
Clinical Neurology
Susanne J. van Veluw, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Julie A. Schneider
Summary: Sporadic cerebral small vessel disease is a major cause of cognitive impairment and dementia in aging brains, characterized by brain small vessel abnormalities and frequently coexisting with Alzheimer disease changes. Ex vivo MRI is a powerful tool to bridge the gap in understanding the underlying neuropathology of MRI-detectable SVD abnormalities.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alifiya Kapasi, L. Yu, V Petyuk, K. Arfanakis, D. A. Bennett, J. A. Schneider
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that small vessel disease (SVD) is a risk factor for clinical dementia and may contribute to AD neuropathological changes. This study found that arteriolosclerosis in watershed brain regions is associated with tau pathological changes, providing compelling evidence for the role of SVD in elderly dementia.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Salim Elyas, Damilola Adingupu, Kunihiko Aizawa, Francesco Casanova, Kim Gooding, Jonathan Fulford, Dave Mawson, Phillip E. Gates, Angela C. Shore, David Strain
Summary: In addition to hypertension, microalbuminuria, arterial stiffness, vascular reactivity, and cerebrovascular resistance could be potential treatment targets to halt the development or progression of cerebral small vessel disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rachel Waller, Ruth Narramore, Julie E. Simpson, Paul R. Heath, Nikita Verma, Megan Tinsley, Jordan R. Barnes, Hanna T. Haris, Frances E. Henderson, Fiona E. Matthews, Connor D. Richardson, Carol Brayne, Paul G. Ince, Raj N. Kalaria, Stephen B. Wharton
Summary: Age-related white matter lesions (WML) show diverse patterns of neuroinflammation, with an innate response associated with SVD and an immune response linked to WML.
Article
Clinical Neurology
D. Kraushar, J. Molad, H. Hallevi, N. M. Bornstein, E. Ben-Assayag, E. Auriel
Summary: The study revealed that small cerebral microinfarcts (CMI) have a prolonged influence on cortical thickness in remote brain areas, suggesting the presence of numerous lesions even when a single CMI is detected. Therefore, the cumulative impact of these widely distributed lesions may play a significant role in the development of vascular cognitive impairment.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Catherine A. Humphreys, Colin Smith, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: The study found that histopathological assessment of human cerebral small vessel disease is hindered by inconsistent methodological approaches and unstandardised definitions. The data from this systematic review will help to develop standardised definitions to promote consistency in human SVD research.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Blossom C. M. Stephan, Denise M. Gaughan, Steven Edland, Villi Gudnason, Lenore J. Launer, Lon R. White
Summary: In this study, neuropathological-based risk scores were used to predict clinical dementia, and different models were identified for predicting neurodegenerative and vascular neuropathology. The findings suggest that there may be shared risk factors and pathways across dementia-related lesions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Christian Lachner, Gregory S. Day, Gamze Balci Camsari, Naomi Kouri, Nilufer Ertekin-Taner, Bradley F. Boeve, Sydney A. Labuzan, John A. Lucas, E. Aubrey Thompson, Habeeba Siddiqui, Julia E. Crook, Janisse N. Cabrera-Rodriguez, Keith A. Josephs, Ronald C. Petersen, Dennis W. Dickson, R. Ross Reichard, Michelle M. Mielke, David S. Knopman, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Melissa E. Murray
Summary: In the oldest-old population, there is a relationship between diabetes, coronary artery disease, cancer, and the occurrence of dementia. Diabetes is associated with an increase in cerebrovascular pathology, while cancer is associated with a decrease in dementia occurrence and tangle pathology.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren Culmone, Brianna Powell, Julie Landschoot-Ward, Alex Zacharek, Huanjia Gao, Elizabeth L. Findeis, Ayesha Malik, Mei Lu, Michael Chopp, Poornima Venkat
Summary: In this study, we investigate the therapeutic effects of AV-001, a Tie2 receptor agonist, in middle-aged rats subjected to a multiple microinfarct (MMI) model of VaD. AV-001 treatment significantly improves cognitive function, increases axon density, remyelination, and neuroplasticity in the brain of middle-aged rats.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Maria Clara Zanon Zotin, Lukas Sveikata, Anand Viswanathan, Pinar Yilmaz
Summary: Recent developments in the field of small vessel disease (SVD)-related vascular cognitive impairment have highlighted the importance of standardized diagnosis, aggressive management of cardiovascular risk factors, and the need for disease-modifying treatments. Advances in imaging techniques provide valuable tools for early diagnosis and monitoring of cognitive decline.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eric L. Harshfield, Caroline J. Sands, Anil M. Tuladhar, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Matthew R. Lewis, Hugh S. Markus
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease is a major cause of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Metabolomics can be used to identify novel risk factors, predict disease progression and severity, and provide new insights into disease pathogenesis and treatment approaches.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea R. Zammit, Yu Lei, Vladislav Petyuk, Julie A. Schneider, Philip Lawrence De Jager, Hans-Ulrich Klein, David A. Bennett, Aron S. Buchman
Summary: This study examines whether aggregating cortical peptides associated with cognitive resilience into an index can identify older adults with higher or lower cognitive resilience. The results show that a higher index is associated with slower cognitive decline, slower motor decline, lower burden of AD pathologies, and modifies the negative effects of AD pathology on AD dementia proximate to death. These findings suggest that cortical proteins may be potential therapeutic targets for maintaining brain health in aging adults.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinjie Lin, Yong Fan, Fan Zhang, Yao Lin
Summary: Imbalance of Al3 and tau protein production and clearance are key factors in the development of Alzheimer's disease, which leads to neuronal degeneration and cognitive disorders. The glymphatic system, a novel approach, plays a role in clearing metabolic waste from the brain and dysfunction of this system may be related to Alzheimer's disease. Microinfarcts disrupt the integrity of brain tissue, leading to Al3 deposition and tau phosphorylation, which are associated with the cause of Alzheimer's disease. Improving the function of the glymphatic system after microinfarcts could be a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Apoorva A. Kumar, Natalie Yeo, Max Whittaker, Priya Attra, Thomas R. Barrick, Leslie R. Bridges, Dennis W. Dickson, Margaret M. Esiri, Chad W. Farris, Delyth Graham, Wen Lang Lin, Daniel N. Meijles, Anthony C. Pereira, Gregory Perry, Douglas L. Rosene, Anan B. Shtaya, Tom Van Agtmael, Giovanna Zamboni, Atticus H. Hainsworth
Summary: Vascular collagen-IV in cerebral small arteries of older people is negatively associated with radiological SVD severity, but not related to history of hypertension. Reduced collagen-IV is accompanied by accumulation of fibrillar collagens. Brain collagen-IV is elevated in older normotensive primates, but not associated with hypertension. Collagen-IV in arterial tissue does not differ between genetically hypertensive and normotensive rats.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fanny M. Elahi, Michael M. Wang, James F. Meschia
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common factor driving age-dependent diseases, such as stroke and dementia. This review discusses evolving criteria and imaging biomarkers for diagnosing CSVD-related dementia, as well as diagnostic challenges and the lack of effective biomarkers. The review also explores the relationship between CSVD and neurodegenerative diseases, and summarizes recent studies on cardiovascular medicines and CSVD-related cognitive impairment. Despite remaining questions, the increased attention to CSVD has provided a clearer understanding of the upcoming challenges imposed by this disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicholas M. Pajewski, Fanny M. Elahi, Manjula Kurella Tamura, Jason D. Hinman, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Joachim H. Ix, Lindsay M. Miller, Lenore J. Launer, Clinton B. Wright, Mark A. Supiano, Alan J. Lerner, Tiffany L. Sudduth, Anthony A. Killeen, Alfred K. Cheung, David M. Reboussin, Donna M. Wilcock, Jeff D. Williamson
Summary: Intensive blood pressure treatment was associated with changes in NfL, which were correlated with changes in kidney function associated with intensive treatment.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
T. Hashimoto, T. Kunieda, T. Honda, F. Scalzo, L. Ali, J. D. Hinman, N. M. Rao, M. Nour, M. Bahr-Hosseini, J. L. Saver, R. Raychev, D. Liebeskind
Summary: This study found that reduced leukoaraiosis, noncardiac embolisms, and shorter thrombus length in cardioembolism are indicators of good collateral flow in patients with embolic large-vessel occlusion.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Smit D. Patel, Jason D. Hinman, David S. Liebeskind, Jeffrey L. Saver
Article
Clinical Neurology
Katherine T. Mun, Jason D. Hinman
Summary: Inflammation plays a significant role in vascular brain health, acting as both a trigger for brain injury and increasing the risk for chronic cerebrovascular disease. Different inflammatory pathways play distinct roles in various states of cerebrovascular injury. Recent evidence highlights the role of specific inflammatory pathways in stroke risk, chronic cerebrovascular injury, and the different phases of stroke. The association between cerebrovascular infections and increased stroke risk is also reviewed. Understanding the phasic nature of inflammatory cascades in cerebrovascular disease is crucial for developing anti-inflammatory strategies for prevention, treatment, and repair of vascular brain injury.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fanny M. Elahi, Danielle Harvey, Marie Altendahl, Nivetha Brathaban, Nicole Fernandes, Kaitlin B. Casaletto, Adam M. Staffaroni, Pauline Maillard, Jason D. Hinman, Bruce L. Miller, Charles DeCarli, Joel H. Kramer, Edward J. Goetzl
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Tetsuya Hashimoto, Takenobu Kunieda, Tristan Honda, Fabien Scalzo, Latisha K. Sharma, Jason D. Hinman, Neal M. Rao, May Nour, Mersedeh Bahr-Hosseini, Jeffrey L. Saver, Radoslav Raychev, David S. Liebeskind
Summary: The study found that the density difference between the proximal and distal segments of occlusive thrombi increased with thrombus length and decreased with thrombus age, suggesting a time/length-dependent thrombus heterogeneity that implies secondary thrombosis initially occurring on the proximal side of the occlusion.
NEURORADIOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Natalia S. Rost, Amy Brodtmann, Matthew P. Pase, Susanne J. van Veluw, Alessandro Biffi, Marco Duering, Jason D. Hinman, Martin Dichgans
Summary: Poststroke cognitive impairment and dementia is a common problem among stroke patients, influenced by factors such as age, education level, preexisting cognitive decline, and history of prior stroke. Manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease also contribute to cognitive outcomes. Understanding the interaction between acute stroke events and preexisting brain pathology is crucial for personalized prediction, prevention, targeted interventions, and rehabilitation.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jasmin D. Sanchez, Richard A. Martirosian, Katherine T. Mun, Davis S. Chong, Irene Lorenzo Llorente, Timo Uphaus, Klaus Groeschel, Teresa A. Woelfer, Steffen Tiedt, Jason D. Hinman, DEMDAS Study Grp
Summary: This study investigates the utility of blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a biomarker for stroke. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors create a phasic model of blood NfL values during different time periods of acute stroke and find the potential of NfL as a diagnostic and differentiating biomarker for stroke subtypes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Saman Hazany, Kim-Lien Nguyen, Martin Lee, Andrew Zhang, Parsa Mokhtar, Alexander Crossley, Sakshi Luthra, Pooja Butani, Sunita Dergalust, Benjamin Ellingson, Jason D. Hinman
Summary: This study developed a new scoring system for CSVD, called regional Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (rCSVD), based on regional assessment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. The rCSVD score showed predictive value for all-cause mortality and recurrent strokes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Smit D. Patel, Fadar Otite Oliver, Ahmed Elmashad, Neel Patel, Tapan Mehta, Jason Hinman, David S. Liebeskind, Aneesh B. Singhal, Anne Ducros, Jeffrey L. Saver
Summary: This study utilized the United States Nationwide Readmissions Database to analyze the hospitalizations of patients with PACNS. The study found that PACNS is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, with an annual hospitalization rate of 5.1 cases per 1,000,000 person-years in the US population. Among the patients, 40% had unfavorable discharge outcomes and were unable to be discharged home, while 5% died before discharge.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Smit D. Patel, Fadar Oliver Otite, Karan Topiwala, Hamidreza Saber, Naoki Kaneko, Eric Sussman, Tapan Mehta, Ramachandra Tummala, Jason Hinman, Raul Nogueira, Diogo C. Haussen, David S. Liebeskind, Jeffrey L. Saver
Summary: Cumulative evidence from multiple series suggests that carotid revascularization is a safe and effective option for preventing recurrent ischemic events in patients with symptomatic carotid webs.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sree Deepthi Muthukrishnan, Riki Kawaguchi, Pooja Nair, Rachna Prasad, Yue Qin, Maverick Johnson, Qing Wang, Nathan VanderVeer-Harris, Amy Pham, Alvaro G. Alvarado, Michael C. Condro, Fuying Gao, Raymond Gau, Maria G. Castro, Pedro R. Lowenstein, Arjun Deb, Jason D. Hinman, Frank Pajonk, Terry C. Burns, Steven A. Goldman, Daniel H. Geschwind, Harley Kornblum
Summary: This study reveals that radiation induces dynamic shifts in functional states of glioma cells, allowing them to acquire vascular-like cell phenotypes. These vascular-like cells provide trophic support to promote tumor cell proliferation. The study highlights the role of the P300 histone acetyltransferase in this adaptive conversion process.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Smit D. Patel, Hamidreza Saber, Ninad Desai, Fadar Oliver Otite, Naoki Kaneko, Tapan Mehta, Jason Hinman, Ameer E. Hassan, Ashutosh Jadhav, David S. Liebeskind, Jeffrey L. Saver
Summary: The real-world evolution of management and outcomes of patients with unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has not been well-delineated following the ARUBA trial findings. The publication of the ARUBA trial resulted in a substantial change in the nationwide practice of managing unruptured AVMs, with fewer admissions for interventional treatment and an increase in admissions for ruptured AVMs.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jason D. Hinman, Fanny Elahi, Davis Chong, Hannah Radabaugh, Adam Ferguson, Pauline Maillard, Jeffrey F. Thompson, Gary A. Rosenberg, Abhay Sagare, Abhay Moghekar, Hanzhang Lu, Tiffany Lee, Donna Wilcock, Claudia L. Satizabal, Russell Tracy, Sudha Seshadri, Kristin Schwab, Karl Helmer, Herpreet Singh, Pia Kivisakk, Steve Greenberg, Charlie DeCarli, Joel Kramer
Summary: This study found that plasma PlGF levels are associated with cognitive impairment and white matter injury, and can serve as a stable and reliable diagnostic biomarker.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Manu Vohra, Whitaker Cohn, Jesus Campagna, Varghese John, Jason D. Hinman
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)