Article
Agronomy
Jasper Benedict B. Alpuerto, Stanley Omar P. B. Samonte, Darlene L. Sanchez, Peyton A. Croaker, Ya-Jane Wang, Lloyd T. Wilson, Eric F. Christensen, Rodante E. Tabien, Zongbu Yan, Michael J. Thomson
Summary: This study aimed to assess the variation of apparent amylose and protein concentrations in rice and identify the associated genomic regions and candidate genes. The results revealed multiple genes and SNPs associated with protein and amylose concentrations.
Article
Plant Sciences
D. K. Nayak, S. Sahoo, S. R. Barik, P. Sanghamitra, S. Sangeeta, E. Pandit, K. R. Reshmi Raj, N. Basak, S. K. Pradhan
Summary: In this study, association mapping was used to map six biochemical traits in rice. A wide genetic variation was detected and new QTL were identified. The population structure analysis indicated the effectiveness of the markers used for mapping.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haocong Li, Yong Li, Lixiao Song, Jinjin Cheng, Jing Ge, Xiangyang Yu, Wenjing Sun
Summary: Tebuconazole is a widely used pesticide in crops with strong control effects on fungal pathogens. However, the abuse of Tebuconazole can lead to food safety issues. This study investigated the residue of Tebuconazole in rice and its effect on white rice quality. The results showed that the residue levels were within safe limits, but using a higher concentration of Tebuconazole at the filling stage significantly decreased the protein and amylose content in white rice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Shen, Dianxing Wu, Vincenzo Fogliano, Nicoletta Pellegrini
Summary: The study showed that the lipid content in rice endosperm can impact the digestibility of starch, with high-lipid white rice having the potential to lower the estimated glycemic index (eGI) and increase the content of slowly digestible starch. Additionally, high-lipid mutants also contained higher amounts of gamma-oryzanol which may be beneficial for designing functional rice-based foods.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenglei Yang, Henan Hao, Yanwen Wu, Yongguo Liu, Jie Ouyang
Summary: Moisture and amylose content play crucial roles in determining the quality of heat-treated starches. Increasing moisture content leads to higher paste transmittance, gelatinization temperature, and digestibility, while decreasing swelling power and enthalpy. Higher amylose content in rice starch decreases molecular order and gelatinization temperature, but increases resistant starch.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Han Guo, Keiichiro Shiraga, Naoshi Kondo, Siyao Chen, Yoshihisa Yamashige, Yuichi Ogawa
Summary: The potential of Fourier-transform terahertz (FT-THz) spectroscopy to monitor crystalline structure changes in rice starch after heat-moisture treatment (HMT) was investigated. Crystallinity was measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra and found to be correlated with THz spectra. A-type and Vh-type crystallinity in rice starch, based on the A-type crystal structure and Vh-type crystalline structure of amylose-lipid complex (ALC), were quantified using THz peaks, with the intensity at 9.0 THz highly correlated with both A-type and Vh-type crystallinity and three other peaks at 10.5 THz, 12.2 THz, and 13.1 THz sensitive to Vh-type crystalline structure.
Article
Agronomy
Ramin Rayee, Tran Dang Xuan, Tran Dang Khanh, Hoang-Dung Tran, Kifayatullah Kakar
Summary: The experiment focused on examining rice grain quality, alkali digestion, and gel consistency response to irrigation interval after anthesis. Results showed that protein content increased significantly while amylose content decreased under stressed treatments at irrigation intervals. The 3-day irrigation interval recorded the highest protein content but the lowest amylose value, with lower gelatinization temperature and negative association with hard gel consistency.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shijie Shi, Enting Wang, Chengxuan Li, Mingli Cai, Bo Cheng, Cougui Cao, Yang Jiang
Summary: The taste quality of rice is influenced by rice types and the environment. Protein content can better reflect the taste quality change for rice and has a higher predictive ability in determining rice types with high and low taste values.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sihui Ma, Sae Takasugi, Masayoshi Sugawara, Kenji Saito, Huijuan Jia, Hisanori Kato
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of heat-moisture-treated high-amylose rice on body weight, lipid metabolism, and gut microbiome composition in a rat model of obesity. Heat-moisture treatment, rather than the level of amylose content, contributes to the observed anti-obesity and cholesterol-lowering effects. The study also identified candidate genes contributing to the cholesterol-regulating potential and demonstrated the influence of heat-moisture-treated rice flour on gut microbiome, particularly the Ruminococcus taxa.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Rongrong Ma, Jinling Zhan, Hao Lu, Ranran Chang, Yaoqi Tian
Summary: The study found that different flavor compounds interact with recrystallized starch in different ways, affecting the molecular water environment and conformation of starch. Specific flavor molecules may enter the hydrophobic cavities of crystals, enriching the research on flavor retention mechanisms.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qiongling Chen, Jinchuang Zhang, Yujie Zhang, David L. Kaplan, Qiang Wang
Summary: This study investigates the molecular interactions involved in the formation of meat-like fibrous structures during extrusion of plant proteins and polysaccharides. The results show that amylose/amylopectin promotes protein rearrangement and the formation of meat-like fibrous structures, while excessive phase separation of amylose and protein leads to layered gel-like structures.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jinmu Tian, Likang Qin, Xuefeng Zeng, Pingzhen Ge, Jin Fan, Yong Zhu
Summary: Three types of rice (Glutinous rice, Japonica rice, and Indica rice) with varying amylose contents were used to study the gel-forming properties of rice flours. It was found that higher amylose content resulted in stronger and more elastic gels. The peak temperature of retrograded gels was also positively related to amylose content. These findings suggest that amylose plays a significant role in enhancing the strength and elasticity of gels by promoting the formation of crystalline, short-range ordered, and compact network structures. This study provides valuable insights for the development of rice products.
Article
Plant Sciences
Youngjun Mo, Chang-Min Lee, Hyang-Mi Park, Su-Kyung Ha, Mi-Jung Kim, Jieun Kwak, Hyun-Sook Lee, Jeong-Heui Lee, Ji-Ung Jeung
Summary: The study revealed the presence of four functional and five nonfunctional alleles of the major rice heading date gene Hd1 in Korean rice cultivars, with significant effects on days to heading in all environments, explaining a large portion of phenotypic variation. Cultivars carrying nonfunctional hd1 tended to flower earlier than those carrying functional Hd1.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Weining Wang, Chang Liu, Hairong Zhang, Xiuqing Zhu, Liqi Wang, Na Zhang, Dianyu Yu
Summary: In this study, stable emulsions were prepared using octenyl succinic acid (OSA)-modified rice starch of different types. The results showed that OSA-modified japonica rice starch exhibited the best emulsification effect, and the OSA modification significantly improved the shear resistance, centrifugal force resistance, and storage stability of the emulsion.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qiongling Chen, Jinchuang Zhang, Yujie Zhang, Shi Meng, Qiang Wang
Summary: The study found that amylopectin could decrease the rheological properties of PPI dispersion, promote the formation of protein anisotropic structure, and enhance the fibrous degree of the extrudates. On the other hand, amylose had minimal effect on the viscosity of PPI dispersion and did not contribute to protein fibrous structure formation.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Oliul Hassan, Kyung-Min Kim, Taehyun Chang
Article
Plant Sciences
Eun Chan Kang, Oliul Hassan, Kyung-Min Kim, Taehyun Chang
Summary: Jujube is a valuable crop in South Korea, used for its medicinal and economic benefits. However, anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is a significant problem for jujube growers, leading to economic losses. In this study, two species of Colletotrichum, C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto and C. nymphaeae, were identified as the causal agents of anthracnose in jujube orchards. The isolates showed high sensitivity to azoxystrobin, highlighting its potential as a control measure. This study is also the first report of jujube anthracnose caused by C. nymphaeae in South Korea.
Review
Rehabilitation
Kyung-Min Kim, Alan R. Needle, Joo-Sung Kim, Yong Woo An, David Cruz-Diaz, Wolfgang Taube
Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify, critically appraise, and synthesize the existing evidence on the effects of therapeutic interventions on arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Nine studies were included, and the findings suggest that focal ankle joint cooling and transcranial direct current stimulation may be effective in counteracting AMI. However, the current evidence is limited to primarily short-term studies to draw definitive conclusions.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rahmatullah Jan, Saleem Asif, Sajjad Asaf, Lubna, Xiao-Xuan Du, Jae-Ryoung Park, Kim Nari, Dibya Bhatta, In-jung Lee, Kyung-Min Kim
Summary: The increased use of arsenic in synthetic products has led to a significant increase in arsenic pollution in the environment. This study found that melatonin can reduce arsenic stress by inducing anthocyanin biosynthesis in rice plants. Melatonin also reduces arsenic uptake and translocation in rice plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Elvan Sahin, Victor C. Leite, Kyung M. Kim, Nick Burns, Juliana Pacheco Duarte
Summary: The Fukushima Daiichi accident prompted the nuclear community to find a new solution to reduce the risk in nuclear power plants (NPPs) due to beyond-design-basis external events (BDBEEs). An implementation guide for diverse and flexible coping strategies (FLEX) has been presented by the Nuclear Energy Institute to manage the challenges of BDBEEs and enhance reactor safety. This study investigates the effectiveness and applicability of Bayesian networks (BNs) and discrete-time Bayesian networks in the reliability analysis of FLEX equipment.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ibrahim Khan, Sajjad Asaf, Rahmatullah Jan, Saqib Bilal, Abdul Latif Lubna, Abdul Latif Khan, Kyung-Min Kim, Ahmed Al-Harrasi
Summary: This study investigated the role of WRKY and bHLH transcription factors in cadmium stress tolerance in tomato. Genomic analysis revealed duplication events and gene loss in Arabidopsis and tomato during evolution. Transcriptomics analysis showed differential expression of WRKY and bHLH genes in response to cadmium stress and their involvement in stress-signaling pathways. These findings provide insights into the transcriptional control of WRKY and bHLH genes and have implications for improving stress-tolerant tomato varieties.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Woojoon Park, Gwangmin Kim, Jae Hyun In, Hakseung Rhee, Hanchan Song, Juseong Park, Alba Martinez, Kyung Min Kim
Summary: By inserting Au nanodots into NbOx devices, fast threshold switching behaviors can be achieved for spike generators in neuromorphic computing and stochastic clock generators in security devices. The Au nanodots increase the threshold voltage and provide a higher ON current by modulating the oxygen contents at the electrode-oxide interface compared to nanodot-free NbOx devices. Furthermore, reducing the volume of the local switching region decreases the thermal capacitance of the system, allowing for maximum spike amplitude generation. Therefore, the incorporation of Au nanodots increases the spike amplitude of NbOx devices by 6 times, without the need for any additional external circuit elements.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sajjad Asaf, Rahmatullah Jan, Muhammad Aaqil Khan, Lubna, Abdul Latif Khan, Saleem Asif, Saqib Bilal, Waqar Ahmad, Muhammad Waqas, Kyung-Min Kim, Ahmed AL-Harrasi, In -Jung Lee
Summary: In this study, the bioremediation potential of endophytic fungus Curvularia lunata strain SL1 was explored, along with its impact on the growth of tomato plants under cadmium stress. The findings demonstrate that SL1 establishes a symbiotic relationship with tomato plants, modulating their antioxidant system, secondary metabolites, and gene expression in response to Cd stress. SL1 inoculation helps mitigate the reduction in tomato seedling growth caused by Cd stress and inhibits Cd absorption and translocation. Additionally, SL1 lowers the levels of stress-related phytohormones and influences the expression of genes involved in oxidoreductase activity, catalytic activity, plant hormone transduction, and photosynthesis. It is suggested that SL1 could enhance tomato tolerance to Cd stress through various mechanisms including Ca2+ signaling, phytohormone biosynthesis, MAPK signaling pathway, and transcription factors.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Farooq, Yoon-Hee Jang, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Jae-Ryoung Park, Gyu-Hyeon Eom, Dan-Dan Zhao, Kyung-Min Kim
Summary: Amino acids are crucial for plant species, such as rice, as they serve as the fundamental units of protein building blocks. This study aimed to investigate the amino acid profiles of four rice genotypes under NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 stress. The results showed that the content of essential and non-essential amino acids significantly increased in cultivar Cheongcheong under NaCl and MgCl2 application, while total amino acid content increased in cultivar Nagdong under all three salt types. Salt-sensitive cultivar IR28 and salt-tolerant Pokkali exhibited lower levels of total amino acid content under different salt stress conditions. The findings suggest that the amino acid profile of each rice cultivar is influenced by its origin, immune level, and genetic makeup.
Review
Microbiology
Nasir Ali Khan, Sajjad Asaf, Waqar Ahmad, Rahmatullah Jan, Saqib Bilal, Ibrahim Khan, Abdul Latif Khan, Kyung-Min Kim, Ahmed Al-Harrasi
Summary: The Cochliobolus, Bipolaris, and Curvularia genera are devastating plant pathogens that cause significant crop losses globally. Despite their pathogenic nature, these fungi play important roles in agriculture, such as phosphate solubilization, phytohormone production, and promoting plant growth during stress. They also have various industrial applications and produce valuable enzymes.
Article
Cell Biology
Muhammad Aizaz, Ibrahim Khan, Sajjad Lubna, Sajjad Asaf, Saqib Bilal, Rahmatullah Jan, Abdul Latif Khan, Kyung-Min Kim, Ahmed AL-Harrasi
Summary: Modern irrigation practices and industrial pollution can lead to salinity and heavy metal contamination, adversely affecting crop productivity. This study explored the growth-promoting potentials of an endophytic fungal strain SL3 and compared it with exogenous IAA in salt and heavy metal stress conditions. Both IAA and SL3 positively influenced plant growth under normal and stressed conditions, with SL3 showing potential as a replacement for IAA in promoting plant growth in salt and heavy metal-affected regions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Han-Yong Choi, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Jae-Ryoung Park, Yoon-Hee Jang, Rahmatullah Jan, Muhammad Farooq, Saleem Asif, Nari Kim, Ji-Hun Kim, Dohyeong Gwon, Seong-Beom Lee, Seung-Kyo Jeong, Kyung-Min Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the possibility of weediness and occurrence of volunteer plants when GMO fodder corn grain is unintentionally released into the environment in Korea. The results showed that the germination rate was extremely low and even if corn seeds germinated, they could not grow into adult plants due to weed competition.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jae-Ryoung Park, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Yoon-Hee Jang, Sang Yong Nam, Kyung-Min Kim
Summary: Rice is the main source of calories for the world's population, but the whitebacked planthopper (WBPH) is an insect that causes losses in rice yield. In this study, the possibility of using rice extracts (C7 and cq-9) as insect repellents was investigated. The results showed that C7 and cq-9 had low attraction for WBPH, and spraying them did not negatively affect plant height. This research is valuable for managing WBPH resistance and avoiding environmental pollution during rice cultivation.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jae-Ryoung Park, Yoon-Hee Jang, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Gang-Seob Lee, Kyung-Min Kim
Summary: Rice is a vital food source for most of the global population, but its yield is declining due to extreme climate change. Nitrogen fertilizers are commonly used by farmers to boost yield, but excessive application has negative effects on plants and the environment. Nitrogen fertilizer contributes to environmental pollution through the release of carbon monoxide, which reacts with greenhouse gases and affects global warming. This study focused on collecting carbon monoxide emissions from paddy fields after nitrogen fertilizer application. Adequate nitrogen fertilizer application can increase rice yield, but excess application negatively impacts grain quality and contributes to global warming through carbon monoxide emission.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae-Ryoung Park, Yoon-Hee Jang, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Sang-Sun Hur, Kyung-Min Kim, Deyong Ren
Summary: In this study, QTLs and candidate genes related to rice plant height regulation were identified, which can provide information and foundation for marker-assisted selection and breeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
