Review
Microbiology
Srishtee Arora, Jay Gordon, Magnus Hook
Summary: Collagens are the primary structural components of mammalian extracellular matrices, regulating tissue development, regeneration, and host defense. There are 28 genetically distinct collagens in humans, along with other unrelated human proteins containing a collagen domain. Gram-positive bacteria express cell surface proteins that bind to collagen and can be classified into different structural families.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niki Christopoulou, Sander Granneman
Summary: Bacteria are constantly exposed to stressful conditions, and RNA-binding proteins play a crucial role in regulating gene expression during adaptive responses. However, research on post-transcriptional regulation in Gram-positive bacteria lags behind, potentially due to differences in protein conservation and functionality compared to Gram-negative bacteria.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. Wright, Guangchun Bai
Summary: This review summarizes the c-di-AMP networks in seven species of the genus Streptococcus, which cause diverse clinical manifestations, and highlights their important roles in biological outcomes and interaction with hosts.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kentaro Ikeda, Yuta Yanase, Katsuhiko Hayashi, Yukiko Hara-Kudo, Genichiro Tsuji, Yosuke Demizu
Summary: Bacteria can form biofilms which act as a barrier against threats like antibiotics. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria due to antibiotic overuse is a serious issue. Development of biofilm inhibition agents as a novel strategy to combat bacterial infections is gaining immense interest, with c-di-GMP derivatives being found to inhibit biofilm formation in Gram-positive bacteria in a recent study.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hua Cai, Lihua Li, Kailey M. Slavik, Jingxian Huang, Ting Yin, Xianlong Ai, Lena Hedelin, Gabrielle Haas, Zhangmin Xiang, Yunyun Yang, Xiaoyan Li, Yuqiang Chen, Ziming Wei, Huimin Deng, Di Chen, Renjie Jiao, Nelson Martins, Carine Meignin, Philip J. Kranzusch, Jean-Luc Imler
Summary: The study revealed the presence of two cGAS-like receptors in Drosophila melanogaster, which produce cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) that play a role in immune response. The researchers found that 2'3'-cGAMP and 3'2'-cGAMP were ineffective in controlling the infection by Drosophila C virus. However, they identified a more potent STING agonist called 2'3'-c-di-GMP, which activated a strong antiviral transcriptional response in Drosophila serrata. These findings provide insights into the evolution and function of cGAS-like receptors in flies and their role in innate immunity.
Review
Immunology
Jing Zhang, Ling Chen, Yang Yang, Xiao Liu, Yuan Yuan, Shi-rong Song, Yue Zhao, Jian Mao
Summary: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics of late-onset sepsis (LOS) caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in preterm neonates and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers. The results showed that LOS caused by Gram-negative bacteria in preterm neonates had higher levels of CRP and lower platelet counts. Therefore, platelet count and CRP values may be useful biomarkers to differentiate sepsis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in preterm neonates.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Fazlurrahman Khan, Geum-Jae Jeong, Nazia Tabassum, Young-Mog Kim
Summary: This review examines the functional diversity of receptors in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems that exhibit distinct biological responses after interacting with c-di-GMP. Evolutionary relationships and similarities in distance among the c-di-GMP receptors in various bacterial species were evaluated to understand their specificities. Furthermore, residues of receptors involved in c-di-GMP binding are summarized. The research facilitates the understanding of how distinct receptors from different origins bind c-di-GMP equally well, yet fulfill diverse biological roles at different levels, and highlights the importance of c-di-GMP receptors as potential therapeutic targets.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Rohit Ruhal, Rashmi Kataria
Summary: Biofilms formed by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are the root cause of industrial biofouling and antimicrobial resistance during infections. To understand the mechanisms of biofilm formation better, it is essential to study common components and genetic regulations that are shared among the two types of bacteria.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Antonella Migliaccio, Maria Stabile, Maria Bagattini, Maria Triassi, Rita Berisio, Eliana De Gregorio, Raffaele Zarrilli
Summary: Resveratrol can reverse tolerance and restore susceptibility to CHX and BZK in the majority of microorganisms causing HAI. The efflux pump inhibitor reduced the MIC and MBC of CHX and BZK in most strains, while resveratrol dose-dependently decreased the MIC and MBC of the biocides.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pablo Amend, Patricia Mester, Stephan Schmid, Martina Mueller, Christa Buechler, Vlad Pavel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between plasma chemerin levels and underlying diseases as well as causes of severe illness. The results showed that plasma chemerin levels were related to inflammation in patients with liver cirrhosis but not to severe infections and other diseases. This suggests that plasma chemerin may serve as an early biomarker for the diagnosis of Gram-positive infections in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yancong Zhang, Amrisha Bhosle, Sena Bae, Lauren J. McIver, Gleb Pishchany, Emma K. Accorsi, Kelsey N. Thompson, Cesar Arze, Ya Wang, Ayshwarya Subramanian, Sean M. Kearney, April Pawluk, Damian R. Plichta, Ali Rahnavard, Afrah Shafquat, Ramnik J. Xavier, Hera Vlamakis, Wendy S. Garrett, Andy Krueger, Curtis Huttenhower, Eric A. Franzosa
Summary: This article investigates the role of microbial communities and their associated bioactive compounds in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). It systematically identifies potentially bioactive protein families involved in gut inflammation during IBD and validates their bioactivity using a combination of metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics. The results provide candidate microbial proteins that interact with the host immune system in IBD, expanding our understanding of potentially bioactive gene products in chronic diseases.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yina Cao, Huancai Lin
Summary: Research on membrane vesicles in Gram-positive bacteria has made significant progress in recent years, revealing the diversity of their composition and functions. Membrane vesicles play important roles in pathophysiological processes and serve as communication tools between bacteria and hosts.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zheng Jin, Dong Song, Wei-Wei Wang, Lei Feng, Zheng-Xin Li, Hai-Feng Chen, Xiang Xiao, Xi-Peng Liu
Summary: The metabolism of c-di-AMP in archaea, particularly in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus yayanosii, involves the enzymes DAC and PDE, which have different activation and substrate selection mechanisms compared to bacteria.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ummu Gulsum Soylemez, Malik Yousef, Burcu Bakir-Gungor
Summary: Due to antibiotic resistance, scientists are investigating antimicrobial peptides (AMP) as a potential solution. Computational prediction methods are being developed to identify and design novel AMPs, in order to better understand their antimicrobial activity.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Evgeniya V. Prazdnova, Andrey V. Gorovtsov, Nikita G. Vasilchenko, Maxim P. Kulikov, Varvara N. Statsenko, Anna A. Bogdanova, Alexandr G. Refeld, Yaroslav A. Brislavskiy, Vladimir A. Chistyakov, Michael L. Chikindas
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms of quorum-sensing suppression by Gram-positive microorganisms and its practical applications in food fermentation, probiotics, and biotechnology. It also discusses the possible evolutionary role of quorum-quenching mechanisms during the development of interspecies interactions of bacteria.
Article
Immunology
Sabrina Faozia, Tazin Fahmi, Gary C. Port, Kyu Hong Cho
Summary: The study reveals that in Streptococcus pyogenes, the c-di-AMP pathway regulates the expression of the specific protein SpeB through K+ transport. Cellular K+ balance plays a crucial role in SpeB production, with KtrAB identified as the primary K+ importer responsible for controlling cellular K+ levels.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)