Article
Forestry
Laurent De Vriendt, Martin Barrette, Anders L. Kolstad, Katariina Vuorinen, James D. M. Speed, Sebastien Lavoie, Jean-Pierre Tremblay
Summary: Forest management can enhance ecosystem services but also alter their capacity. Ecosystem-based management has been implemented to reduce differences between managed and natural forests. Moose browsing could interfere with the objectives of maintaining community composition, stand structure, and ecosystem functions. An experiment in boreal forests of Quebec showed that moose browsing indirectly increased deciduous seedling densities while reducing coniferous sapling densities. This interference could prevent the achievement of ecosystem management objectives.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Jean-Francois Desgagn, Robert Schneider, Martin-Hugues St -Laurent
Summary: The increasing moose population density in North America has put pressure on vegetation but also boosted the sports hunting industry. Research shows that different silvicultural treatments do not affect moose habitat use and damage, indicating the importance of considering local variations in providing quality habitat.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Anne E. Loosen, Olivier Devineau, Christina Skarpe, Barbara Zimmermann, Joris Cromsigt, Karen Marie Mathisen
Summary: The study showed that 'ungulate-adapted' forestry measures effectively mitigate browsing damage, including using adapted logging and intensified soil scarification. These measures not only increased the density of undamaged Scots pine but also decreased moose browsing pressure, indicating a more pronounced effect when implemented on a small scale.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Anne E. Loosen, Olivier Devineau, Barbara Zimmermann, Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt, Sabine E. Pfeffer, Christina Skarpe, Karen Marie Mathisen
Summary: The interactions between plants and herbivores are becoming increasingly important in Europe and North America, especially in agricultural and forestry areas. Research shows that moose will select habitats that reduce predation risk when foraging.
Article
Ecology
Michelle Nordkvist, Maartje J. Klapwijk, Sabine Barets, Christer Bjorkman
Summary: Grazing and browsing by large ungulates can have a strong effect on habitat composition and structure, potentially affecting species abundance and understory properties. Changes in habitat structure can influence arthropod predation, and our study explores this indirect link through a comparison of fenced plots excluding ungulates with control plots. We found a weak effect of browser exclusion on habitat structure, but predation was positively affected by understory cover, suggesting that ungulate browsing can indirectly affect arthropod predation by altering understory properties.
BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sabine E. Pfeffer, Sabrina Dressel, Martha Wallgren, Jonas Bergquist, Christer Kalen
Summary: Reducing browsing damages to economically valuable tree species caused by cervids is a challenging task. Landscape characteristics, such as forest composition and land use, may affect browsing through direct and indirect effects. This study used path analysis to validate a model and found that moose density and pine availability directly influence browsing damages.
Article
Forestry
Hannah M. Zonnevylle, Kirk Acharya, Lynette Potvin, Mark Romanski, Ines Ibanez
Summary: Herbivores impact plants through direct consumption and indirect effects via changes in vegetation. These effects can take decades to manifest and are often overlooked. In a study on moose, we found that tree growth varied depending on the level of herbivory and the species of the tree. Preferred species benefitted from herbivore exclusion at small sizes, but larger individuals grew more when exposed to herbivory due to lower competition. Highly preferred species showed no differences in growth between herbivory levels. The impacts of herbivory varied among species in unexpected ways.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Anne C. Mehlhoop, Bram Van Moorter, Christer M. Rolandsen, Dagmar Hagen, Aksel Granhus, Rune Eriksen, Thor Harald Ringsby, Erling J. Solberg
Summary: The study found that intensive hunting and enduring fear of humans have caused forest ungulates like moose to partly avoid areas near human infrastructure, resulting in positive cascading effects on tree recruitment. Reduced browsing pressure and increased tree recruitment were observed near roads and houses, suggesting a weak cascading effect mainly driven by risk avoidance behavior towards humans.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Giorgia Ausilio, Hakan Sand, Johan Mansson, Karen Marie Mathisen, Camilla Wikenros
Summary: The study found that with the return of wolves, the presence and abundance of moose increased while browsing damage also increased. However, wolf occurrence did not have an effect on browsing damage intensity.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Emelie Fredriksson, Martha Wallgren, Therese Lofroth
Summary: Human activities have significantly impacted fire regimes and herbivore densities in the boreal region, affecting vegetation, forage supply, and ungulate use. This study examines the effects of natural wildfires and prescribed burning on moose forage availability, use, and browsing in northern Sweden. The results show that wildfire locations have a different composition of forage compared to unburned controls, with less forage in the field layer and more woody browse. Furthermore, browsing levels are higher in wildfire locations compared to unburned controls.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Brad S. Ripley, Sarah L. Raubenheimer, Lavinia Perumal, Maurice Anderson, Emma Mostert, Barney S. Kgope, Guy F. Midgley, Kimberley J. Simpson
Summary: The study found that increased levels of CO2 can enhance the tolerance of Vachellia karroo seedlings to herbivory by promoting growth and allowing them to reach a critical size threshold earlier, thus reducing the likelihood of fatal herbivory. However, increased CO2 levels do not affect leaf palatability and defense capabilities of the tree.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Laurent De Vriendt, Sebastien Lavoie, Martin Barrette, Jean-Pierre Tremblay
Summary: The study showed that browsing pressure can affect plant communities, with a stronger effect observed under heavier browsing pressure. While moderate browsing pressure can slow down forest succession towards a closed canopy, heavy browsing pressure may delay forest succession and push the ecosystem towards an alternative successional trajectory. It is recommended to integrate forest and wildlife management sectors to promote sustainability in the face of heavy selective browsing interacting with anthropogenic disturbances.
JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Emilie Champagne, Roxanne Turgeon, Alison D. Munson, Patricia Raymond
Summary: To promote forest transition under future climatic conditions, managers could use adaptive silvicultural tools such as assisted migration of tree species to areas with suitable climates. However, assisted migration plantations face risks of browsing by ungulate herbivores and decreased water availability due to climate change. Different tree species and geographic provenances show varying responses to simulated browsing and reduced water availability, highlighting the importance of species-specific growth and allocation responses in planning climate-adapted strategies like assisted migration.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catherine Socha, Ines S. Pais, Kwang-Zin Lee, Jiyong Liu, Samuel Liegeois, Matthieu Lestradet, Dominique Ferrandon
Summary: Upon exposure to a bacterial pore-forming toxin, enterocytes purge their cytoplasm into the gut lumen, resulting in a thin intestinal epithelium. The regrowth of Drosophila enterocytes involves the reversal of metabolic fluxes and requires a proton-assisted transporter called Arcus. Arcus is necessary for the reverse absorption of amino acids and the timely recovery of the intestinal epithelium.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yi Wang, Jorn Van Engelen, Rene Van Veldhoven, Tjibbe De Vries, Victor Dolores-Cazadilla, Meint Smit, Kevin Williams, Yuqing Jiao
Summary: A method to circumvent the density-quality tradeoff in butt-joint regrowth by using large regrowth masks for neutralizing excessive species is proposed and demonstrated, enabling epitaxy quality while integrating dense arrays with minimal compromise.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Rebecca K. Davidson, Tina Licina, Lucrezia Gorini, Jos M. Milner
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE
(2015)
Article
Ecology
Obeid Mahenya, Johannes Kambinda Ndjamba, Karen Marie Mathisen, Christina Skarpe
ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Ecology
Obeid Mahenya, Karen Marie Mathisen, Harry P. Andreassen, Christina Skarpe
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Ecology
Jos M. Milner, Oystein Varpe, Rene van der Wal, Brage Bremset Hansen
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2016)
Article
Zoology
Marco Apollonio, Vladimir V. Belkin, Jakub Borkowski, Oleg I. Borodin, Tomasz Borowik, Francesca Cagnacci, Aleksey A. Danilkin, Peter I. Danilov, Andrey Faybich, Francesco Ferretti, Jean Michel Gaillard, Matt Hayward, Pavel Heshtaut, Marco Heurich, Aliaxandr Hurynovich, Alexander Kashtalyan, Graham I. H. Kerley, Petter Kjellander, Rafal Kowalczyk, Alexander Kozorez, Sergey Matveytchuk, Jos M. Milner, Atle Mysterud, Janis Ozolins, Danila V. Panchenko, Wibke Peters, Tomasz Podgorski, Botjan Pokorny, Christer Moe Rolandsen, Vesa Ruusila, Krzysztof Schmidt, Taras P. Sipko, Rauno Veeroja, Pavel Velihurau, Gregoriy Yanuta
Article
Forestry
Karen Marie Mathisen, Adam Wojcicki, Zbigniew Borowski
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2018)
Review
Ecology
Annika M. Felton, Hilde K. Wam, Caroline Stolter, Karen M. Mathisen, Martha Wallgren
Article
Ecology
Karen Lone, Floris M. van Beest, Atle Mysterud, Terje Gobakken, Jos M. Milner, Hans-Petter Ruud, Leif Egil Loe
Article
Ecology
Anne E. Loosen, Olivier Devineau, Barbara Zimmermann, Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt, Sabine E. Pfeffer, Christina Skarpe, Karen Marie Mathisen
Summary: The interactions between plants and herbivores are becoming increasingly important in Europe and North America, especially in agricultural and forestry areas. Research shows that moose will select habitats that reduce predation risk when foraging.
Article
Ecology
Bram van Moorter, Navinder J. Singh, Christer M. Rolandsen, Erling J. Solberg, Holger Dettki, Jyrki Pusenius, Johan Mansson, Hakan Sand, Jos M. Milner, Ole Roer, Aimee Tallian, Wiebke Neumann, Goran Ericsson, Atle Mysterud
Summary: Partial migration is common in the animal kingdom, with the competitive release hypothesis predicting that the proportion of migrants increases with the relative quality and size of seasonal ranges but decreases with migration cost and population density. A study using GPS-marked moose demonstrated that habitat availability in seasonal ranges influences the proportion of migrants, providing insight into the underlying mechanisms of migration at the population level.
Article
Ecology
Julius V. Lasway, Henry K. Njovu, Abraham Eustace, Karen Marie Mathisen, Christina Skarpe, Marcell K. Peters
Summary: Understanding the change in vegetation composition along elevational gradients is critical for species conservation in a changing world. Our study on an elevational gradient of protected habitats on Mount Meru found that species richness, tree height, and floristic composition of woody plants declined with increasing elevation. Mean annual temperature was the most important factor affecting changes in species richness and tree height along the elevation gradient, although the interaction between mean annual temperature and precipitation also played a role in shaping the floristic composition of woody plants. Our study suggests that climate change will reshape elevational gradients of diversity, tree height, and plant communities on East African mountains.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jos M. Milner, Audun Stien, Rene van der Wal
JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Ecology
Rosemary Peter Mramba, Obeid Mahenya, Annetjie Siyaya, Karen Marie Mathisen, Harry Peter Andreassen, Christina Skarpe
ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2017)