Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Linyu Li, Hao Wang, Ke Xu, Bingchen Li, Shuo Jin, Xiao-Chun Li, Xiaolin Shu, Linyun Liang, Guang-Hong Lu
Summary: In this study, the interaction between a 1/2[111] dislocation loop and a vacancy-type defect in tungsten was investigated using molecular static simulations and molecular dynamics simulations. The results showed that a vacancy cluster can affect the mobility of the 1/2[111] dislocation loop, and the interaction is closely related to temperature and relative positions.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tao Chen, Fangpei Ma, Zhe Chen, Menglin Xie, Ting Li, Yu Zhou, Jun Wang
Summary: A facile microwave assisted strategy was reported for defect engineering of two-dimensional tungsten oxide, promoting the photochemical and O-2 activation behaviors. The catalyst achieved a high phenol yield with high selectivity under visible-light-driven conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Long Guo, Liang Wang, Ning Gao, Yangchun Chen, Beibei Liu, Wangyu Hu, Shifang Xiao, Kun Wang, Fei Gao, Huiqiu Deng
Summary: Tungsten is a promising candidate material for future fusion reactors. The study finds that the habit plane and plasticity of tungsten with a 1/2 < 111 > crystallographic orientation are strongly influenced by shock waves. A new rotation mechanism is proposed to predict the changing trend of the habit plane of dislocation loops.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xinyi Liu, Yipeng Li, Guang Ran, Yifan Ding, Xiuyin Huang
Summary: The evolution and dynamic behaviors of dislocation loops in tungsten under 30 keV H2+ irradiation at different temperatures were studied. The study revealed different types of dislocation loops with varying characteristics at different temperatures, shedding light on the effects of temperature on the formation and behavior of dislocation loops in irradiated tungsten.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Deblin Jana, Bing He, Yun Chen, Jiawei Liu, Yanli Zhao
Summary: This study introduces a nanozyme coated with tumor cell membrane for targeted photo-immunotherapy of cancer. The nanozyme can accumulate in tumors, causing oxidative damage and triggering immune activation, leading to tumor eradication and immunogenic cell death.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aanchal Alagh, Fatima Ezahra Annanouch, Khaled Al Youssef, Carla Bittencourt, Frank Gueell, Paulina R. Martinez-Alanis, Marc Reguant, Eduard Llobet
Summary: In this study, functional tungsten disulphide nanostructures loaded with platinum-oxide (PtO) or palladium-oxide (PdO) were synthesized. The loaded sensors demonstrated stable, reproducible, ultrasensitive, and enhanced gas sensing response, with a detection limit below 25 ppb. The work provides an attractive pathway to add functionality in the transition metal dichalcogenide host matrix.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yipeng Li, Li Wang, Guang Ran, Yue Yuan, Lu Wu, Xinyi Liu, Xi Qiu, Zhipeng Sun, Yifan Ding, Qing Han, Xiaoyong Wu, Huiqiu Deng, Xiuyin Huang
Summary: In situ irradiations on tungsten revealed that pre-existing dislocation lines have a profound effect on the size, density and Burgers vector of dislocation loops. The interaction between high density helium clusters can stimulate the formation of <100> loops, while the reaction of two 1/2<111> loop variants driven by long-time and elevated temperature irradiation is also a driving force for <100> loop formation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huaixun Huyan, Zhe Wang, Linze Li, Xingxu Yan, Yi Zhang, Colin Heikes, Darrell G. Schlom, Ruqian Wu, Xiaoqing Pan
Summary: Defect engineering in perovskite thin films has received extensive attention due to their atomic-level modification and the design of novel nanostructures. However, three-dimensional defect-assisted nanostructures in thin film matrices usually have large misfit strains and unstable structures. In contrast, one- or two-dimensional defect-assisted nanostructures embedded in thin films can sustain large misfit strains without relaxation, making them suitable for defect engineering in perovskite thin films.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Guanze He, Hongbing Yu, Phani Karamched, Junliang Liu, Felix Hofmann
Summary: Elastic interactions play a crucial role in controlling irradiation damage evolution, yet experimental investigation on this topic is largely lacking. In this study, we used transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution on-axis transmission Kikuchi diffraction techniques to study the correlation between the evolution of irradiation-induced damage structures and the associated lattice strains in self-ion irradiated pure tungsten. The results revealed different dislocation loop structures depending on the sample thickness, indicating that free surfaces restrict the formation of extended defect structures observed in thicker samples. Strain analysis using high-resolution Kikuchi diffraction demonstrated the formation of crystallographically-oriented long-range strain fluctuations above 0.01 dpa and a decrease in total elastic energy above 0.1 dpa.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sushma Mishra, Ewa Przezdziecka, Wojciech Wozniak, Abinash Adhikari, Rafal Jakiela, Wojciech Paszkowicz, Adrian Sulich, Monika Ozga, Krzysztof Kopalko, Elzbieta Guziewicz
Summary: The study investigates the structural and transport properties of polycrystalline ZnO films deposited by ALD at different growth temperatures. The electrical properties of the films are significantly influenced by the substrate and growth temperature, with changes in crystallite size affecting carrier scattering. ZnO layers on silicon exhibit lower strain and dislocation density compared to those on sapphire, and both annealing and substrate choice impact film characteristics such as hydrogen impurity concentration.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Anjana S. Nair, C. S. Keerthana, Jiya James, A. Santhosh Kumar, M. Vinod, A. C. Saritha
Summary: This study primarily investigated the NIR reflecting property of tungsten oxide nanostructures synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The thermal, structural, morphological, compositional, and photoluminescence properties of the nanostructures were characterized. It was found that the calcination temperature and particle size significantly influenced the NIR reflectance ability of tungsten oxide.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xinzhong Zhang, Peng Zheng, Lili Li, Fei Wen, Wangfeng Bai, JingJi Zhang, Liang Zheng, Yang Zhang
Summary: In this study, a dual defect manipulation strategy was proposed to improve the performance of lead-free ceramics in capacitive applications. By inducing defect dipoles and reducing oxygen vacancy concentration, high energy density, efficiency, ultrafast discharge speed, and high power density were achieved.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
V. M. Almeida Lage, R. T. da Silva, A. Mesquita, M. P. F. de Godoy, X. Gratens, V. A. Chitta, H. B. de Carvalho
Summary: Polycrystalline MnO:ZnO bulk ceramics with different Mn doping levels were prepared and analyzed for their composition, structure, and magnetic properties. Higher Mn proportion samples showed the presence of secondary phases ZnMn2O4 and Mn1-xZnxO, with heat treatment effectively reducing the valence of Mn ions and creating oxygen vacancies, but not promoting the desired ferromagnetic order at room temperature.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yifan Ding, Guang Ran, Yipeng Li, Ziqi Cao, Dewang Cui, Jinchi Huang, Zhehui Zhou
Summary: In this study, the dose rate effects of ion irradiation were investigated using in-situ 30 keV He+ irradiation in tungsten in TEM. It was found that defect generation rate and elastic interaction are two key factors controlling the evolution of dislocation loops. By adjusting the defect generation rate, the elastic interaction between the loops can play different roles, leading to variations in loop density, size, and spatial distribution.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaohu Hou, Xiaolong Zhao, Ying Zhang, Zhongfang Zhang, Yan Liu, Yuan Qin, Pengju Tan, Chen Chen, Shunjie Yu, Mengfan Ding, Guangwei Xu, Qin Hu, Shibing Long
Summary: The study proposes a defect and doping engineering strategy towards amorphous GaOX (a-GaOX) to achieve highly tolerant and ultra-sensitive solar-blind photodetectors for harsh environments, maintaining high performance even under high temperature or high voltage conditions.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jay C. Bullen, Hany F. Heiba, Andreas Kafizas, Dominik J. Weiss
Summary: This study investigates the photocatalytic oxidation of arsenic(III) using TiO2/Fe2O3 composite photocatalyst-adsorbents. The results show that coupling TiO2 with Fe2O3 enhances the adsorption of arsenic, but decreases the oxidation rates due to parasitic light absorption and changes in the rate law. The study also introduces a multi-adsorbate surface complexation model to describe the oxidation kinetics of arsenic(III), including the competitive adsorption of As(V).
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Francesca Pinto, Anna Wilson, Benjamin Moss, Andreas Kafizas
Summary: Recent work has demonstrated the synergistically higher water splitting activity of heterojunction photoelectrodes compared to their parent materials. To optimize performance in layered systems, it is necessary to develop new methods for evaluating heterojunction phase space. In this study, we investigated the WO3/TiO2 heterojunction phase space as a model system. Using chemical vapor deposition, we grew 71 unique photoanodes and characterized their physical properties. Results showed the presence of an electronic barrier to charge transfer between the heterojunction layers, which could only be overcome with sufficiently high applied potential for improved activity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christopher Blackman
Summary: The author discusses direct experimental evidence supporting the ionosorption theory and proposes an alternative framework based on a surface conductivity model, aiming to guide future design rules for improving gas sensor performance based on recent advances in theoretical and experimental investigations in solid state physics.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Giulia E. M. Schukraft, Benjamin Moss, Andreas G. Kafizas, Camille Petit
Summary: This study investigates the interfacial charge transfer in semiconductor/metal-organic framework (MOF) heterojunctions and emphasizes the importance of interfacial band bending. By constructing a band model, the photocatalytic enhancements and losses observed in MOF-based heterojunctions are explained. A new Type II carbon nitride/MOF heterojunction with enhanced CO2 photoreduction activity is developed based on these findings.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Maria Anagnostopoulou, Areti Zindrou, Thomas Cottineau, Andreas Kafizas, Clement Marchal, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Valerie Keller, Konstantinos C. Christoforidis
Summary: This work reports the development of tunable organic/inorganic heterojunctions comprised of cobalt oxides (Co3O4) and modified carbon nitride (CN), targeting on optimizing their response under UV-visible irradiation. The study highlights the importance of MOF structures used as precursors in forming advanced materials and the stepwise functionalization of the individual parts in nanocomposites for the development of materials with superior activity.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tanya Sharma, Pooja S. Sridhar, Christopher Blackman, Simon J. Foote, John S. Allingham, Rajagopal Subramaniam, Michele C. Loewen
Summary: The role of GPCR receptor FgSte3 in the chemotropism and pathogenicity of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum has been characterized. Deletion of FgSte3 compromises the chemotropic response and pathogenicity of the fungus, as indicated by reduced reaction to peroxidase, impaired lesion development on wheat, and decreased infection of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Arreerat Jiamprasertboon, Andreas Kafizas, Evie Hawkins, Sirisak Singsen, Teera Butburee, Suttipong Wannapaiboon, Weradesh Sangkhun, Supinya Nijpanich, Tanachat Eknapakul, Narong Chanlek, Anurak Waehayee, Suwit Suthirakun, Theeranun Siritanon
Summary: This study demonstrates the preparation of high-quality BiOCl nanostructure-based films using aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) method. The nanostructure and photocatalytic properties of the films can be tuned by varying the solvent and carrier gas. Different crystal morphologies and sizes of BiOCl have strong impacts on the photocatalytic activity toward NO oxidation.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiyun Zhu, Chris Blackman, Pengfei Zhou, Sai Kiran Ayyala, James A. Covington, Yanbai Shen, Jinsheng Liang, Xiangxi Zhong, Caroline Knapp, Ye Zhou
Summary: This article presents a two-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) synthesis method for the fabrication of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) decorated WO3 nanorods (NRs). Different organometallic silver precursors were evaluated. The composition and morphology of the fabricated materials were characterized using various physical property characterization techniques. Gas sensing performance tests revealed that the Ag-decorated WO3 sensors exhibited improved sensing properties compared to the undecorated ones.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julie Jalila Kalmoni, Frances L. Heale, Christopher S. Blackman, Ivan P. Parkin, Claire J. Carmalt
Summary: Robust fluorine-free superhydrophobic films were successfully prepared using a mixture of fatty acids, SiO2 nanoparticles, and polydimethylsiloxane. The films exhibited a highly textured morphology, with a water contact angle of 162 +/- 2 degrees and a sliding angle of <5 degrees. The superhydrophobicity of the films remained intact even after exposure to UV light, heat treatment, multiple tape peeling cycles, and various organic solvents.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sanjayan Sathasivam, Sapna D. Ponja, Seonghyeok Park, Clara Sanchez-Perez, Christopher Blackman, Ivan P. Parkin, Claire J. Carmalt
Summary: Alternatives to tin-doped indium oxide transparent electrodes are required. Tungsten-doped SnO2 thin films with low resistivities and high electron mobilities were obtained using chemical vapor deposition. The tungsten dopant had minimal distortion to the SnO2 unit cell and resulted in crystallographic preferential orientation in the [200] direction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that tungsten was present in the +5 state, minimizing ionized impurity scattering and achieving high electron mobilities. The tungsten-doped films had an optical band gap of 3.7 eV, making them transparent to visible light.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuhan Liu, Yuting Yao, Xinyue Zhang, Christopher Blackman, Robin S. Perry, Robert G. Palgrave
Summary: Thin films of tellurium-based vacancy-ordered perovskites were deposited onto transparent conducting substrates using aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition. The stability of the electrodes and photoelectrodes was tested, and it was found that the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase on the surface of Cs2TeI6 enhanced electrode stability, while (CH3NH3)2TeI6 degraded rapidly.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuan Quan, Marcus H. N. YiO, Yuankai Li, Rupert J. Myers, Andreas Kafizas
Summary: In this study, the effect of Bi particle size in BiOI/Bi junctions on their photocatalytic function towards NO gas was investigated. The results showed that BiOI decorated with nano-sized Bi particles (BiOI/Bi NPs) displayed the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving NO and NOx conversion efficiencies of -33% and -11% under UVA light. In contrast, the BiOI microflowers decorated with micron-sized Bi particles (BiOI/Bi MPs) and pure BiOI samples showed lower activities. The enhanced performance of BiOI/Bi NPs was attributed to the interfacial contact between Bi and BiOI, promoting charge carrier separation and the formation of VO.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhu Meng, Ernest Pastor, Shababa Selim, Haoqing Ning, Marios Maimaris, Andreas Kafizas, James R. Durrant, Artem A. Bakulin
Summary: In photoelectrochemical cells (PECs), carrier transport plays a significant role in photon-to-current conversion efficiency. Many metal oxides used in PECs exhibit thermally activated transport due to charge localization and interaction with defects, which affects catalysis. To improve transport efficiency, nanostructuring, selective doping, and photothermal treatments have been used. This study demonstrates a novel approach to directly activate localized carriers in bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) using infrared photons. The results show that optical excitation of localized charges enhances PEC current by modulating their kinetics. This research provides insights into defect-related photophysics and offers a possible method for device control.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anna A. Wilson, Thomas P. Shalvey, Andreas Kafizas, Asim Mumtaz, James R. Durrant
Summary: This study investigates the charge carrier dynamics in SrTiO3 under applied bias and reveals the presence of Ti3+ defect states, which limit electron extraction and photocurrent. However, a long lifetime of photogenerated holes in SrTiO3 is observed even without applied bias, which is important for overcoming slow kinetics and hole accumulation in water oxidation reactions.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stefan Kucharski, Pilar Ferrer, Federica Venturini, Georg Held, Alex S. Walton, Conor Byrne, James A. Covington, Sai Kiran Ayyala, Andrew M. Beale, Chris Blackman
Summary: In this study, the nature of interactions between SnO2 and O-2 in conductometric gas sensors (CGS) was investigated. Results showed a correlation between the dynamically changing surface oxygen vacancies and the resistance response in SnO2-based CGS. It was concluded that surface oxygen vacancies, rather than the observed oxygen adsorbates, are central to response generation in SnO2-based gas sensors.