Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ya-Nan Gao, Yong-Qian Zhang, Hao Wang, Yu-Lin Deng, Nuo-Min Li
Summary: This article reviews the role of miRNA in depression, focusing on its regulation of neuroplasticity and its effects on synaptic structure, synaptic function, and neurogenesis. It has been found that miRNAs regulate neuroplasticity through multiple signaling pathways, impacting cognitive function. In the future, dual-function miRNAs could potentially serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment targets for depression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Anna Jasinska-Mikolajczyk, Katarzyna Drews, Katarzyna Domaszewska, Grzegorz Kolasa, Marta Konofalska, Katarzyna Jowik, Maria Skibinska, Filip Rybakowski
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise on neurotrophin concentration and cognitive control in patients with depression. The results showed that a single bout of aerobic exercise did not cause significant changes in neurotrophin concentrations. However, the shortening of interference time after exercise may be due to practice effects. The study suggests that exercise may affect cognitive function in patients with depression.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Junya Onodera, Hidetaka Nagata, Ai Nakashima, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Our study demonstrated that neuronal BDNF prevents microglia from engulfing mossy fiber synapses in the hippocampus, while microglial BDNF affects the structural and functional properties of neurons.
Review
Cell Biology
Xiying Fu, Yicun Wang, Fangyi Zhao, Ranji Cui, Wei Xie, Qianqian Liu, Wei Yang
Summary: Depression and obesity frequently co-occur and have a bidirectional relationship. The mechanisms underlying the mutual control of these disorders are largely unknown. This review focuses on potential mechanisms and treatments for the co-morbidity of obesity and depression.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Randall Gutierrez-Vargas, Alexis Ugalde-Ramirez, Markel Rico-Gonzalez, Jose Pino-Ortega, Juan Gonzalez-Hernandez, Daniel Rojas-Valverde
Summary: The studies reviewed suggest that high-intensity interval training in football playing may have positive effects on cognition and decision making, but the role of BDNF in this process remains inconclusive.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md. Jakaria, Abdel A. Belaidi, Adam Southon, Krista A. Dent, Darius J. R. Lane, Ashley I. Bush, Scott Ayton
Summary: This study found that some TrkB modulators have protective effects against ferroptosis, but their mechanism is unrelated to the TrkB receptor and is instead due to their antioxidant properties. These modulators could be potential therapeutics for various diseases in the future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Liangliang Li, Shuo Li, Shidong Qin, Yu Gao, Chao Wang, Jinghang Du, Nannan Zhang, Yanbo Chen, Zhen Han, Yue Yu, Fan Wang, Yashuang Zhao
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between OPRM1 hypermethylation and breast cancer risk, with healthy diet, regular exercise, and psychosocial adaptability playing vital roles in prevention and progression. Additionally, personalized treatment based on OPRM1 hypermethylation status and hormone receptor expression could offer novel benefits for breast cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Debora Cutuli, Piquero Sampedro-Piquero
Summary: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in brain plasticity processes and neurodevelopment. Deficiency in BDNF is associated with the development of psychiatric disorders, including alcohol abuse disorder. Alcohol consumption during adolescence can lead to changes in BDNF and negatively affect brain maturation. The use of BDNF enhancers may be beneficial in treating problematic alcohol consumption that starts during adolescence.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rut Fado, Anna Molins, Rocio Rojas, Nuria Casals
Summary: In recent years, traditional eating habits have been replaced by a more globalized diet rich in saturated fatty acids and simple sugars. Extensive evidence shows that this diet contributes to cognitive health impairment and increases the incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, the mechanisms through which these nutrients modulate synaptic function and neuroplasticity are not well understood. This review focuses on the effects of Western, ketogenic, and paleolithic diets on cognition and their correlations with synaptic changes, primarily in animal models, to understand the molecular alterations that may contribute to impaired human cognition.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Logan K. Townsend, Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, David C. Wright
Summary: Exercise has been shown to improve brain health and cognitive function, with recent research focusing on how peripheral tissues communicate with the brain through circulating factors produced during exercise. This crosstalk plays a crucial role in the adaptations that occur in the brain in response to physical activity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biology
Hye Jin Nam
Summary: The modulation of autophagy in cancer therapy is complex due to its potential dual role in tumor suppression or protection. Therefore, detailed research on the mechanisms of autophagy modulators and their specific responses to different types of cancer is necessary.
Article
Neurosciences
Ashutosh Tripathi, Henry A. Nasrallah, Anilkumar Pillai
Summary: The study suggests that the therapeutic effectiveness of Pimavanserin in Parkinson's Disease psychosis may be related to its ability to increase mature BDNF levels.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Lise Jennen, Victor Mazereel, Aleksandra Lecei, Celine Samaey, Davy Vancampfort, Ruud van Winkel
Summary: Exercise has a positive effect on pattern separation in the hippocampus, improving episodic memory. It achieves this through pathways involving neuroplasticity, anti-inflammatory effects, and hormonal effects, leading to functional and structural changes in the hippocampus with ultimately impacts on pattern separation.
REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rasha Soliman, Hend Mamdouh, Laila Rashed, Mona Hussein
Summary: Treatment with rt-PA in patients with acute ischemic stroke leads to a significant increase in BDNF serum levels, improving neuroplasticity. Female patients and non-smokers have higher BDNF serum levels at the onset of stroke compared to males and smokers.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Monem Jemni, Rashid Zaman, Frederick Robert Carrick, Neil David Clarke, Michel Marina, Lindsay Bottoms, Jagdeep Singh Matharoo, Roger Ramsbottom, Norman Hoffman, Shad James Groves, Yaodong Gu, Ferman Konukman
Summary: The aim of this review was to explore the association between peripheral levels of BDNF and exercise regimes, as well as its relation to depression and antidepressant treatment. Antidepressants and acute exercise, particularly high-intensity, elevate BDNF levels in healthy humans and clinical populations. Exercise is recognized in the management of depression, but studies failed to establish a relationship between depression severity and changes in peripheral BDNF. Antidepressants stimulate longer-term biochemical changes compared to acute exercise.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danielle M. Diniz, Francesca Calabrese, Paola Brivio, Marco A. Riva, Joanes Grandjean, Judith R. Homberg
Summary: BDNF plays a crucial role in neuroplasticity, vulnerability and resilience to stress-related disorders. Modulation of BDNF levels in the ventral hippocampus of SERT-/- rats led to positive behavioral outcomes, suggesting BDNF upregulation as a potential target for new therapeutic approaches in improving depressive symptoms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Brivio, Giulia Sbrini, Letizia Tarantini, Chiara Parravicini, Piotr Gruca, Magdalena Lason, Ewa Litwa, Chiara Favero, Marco Andrea Riva, Ivano Eberini, Mariusz Papp, Valentina Bollati, Francesca Calabrese
Summary: Epigenetics plays a crucial role in how environmental factors can affect brain function and contribute to central nervous system disorders. Chronic stress was found to mainly impact the expression and methylation of the Gadd45 beta gene, with lurasidone helping to normalize these alterations. MiRNA involvement in gene expression changes was moderate under the experimental conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Achille Parfait Atchan Nwakiban, Anna Passarelli, Lorenzo Da Dalt, Chiara Olivieri, Tugba Nur Demirci, Stefano Piazza, Enrico Sangiovanni, Eugenie Carpentier-Maguire, Giulia Martinelli, Shilpa Talkad Shivashankara, Uma Venkateswaran Manjappara, Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue, Gabriel Agbor Agbor, Jules-Roger Kuiate, Maria Daglia, Mario Dell'Agli, Paolo Magni
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of 11 Cameroonian medicinal spice extracts on triglyceride accumulation, glucose uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and interleukin secretion in human adipocytes. The results show that these spice extracts have significant effects on reducing triglyceride content, increasing glucose uptake, reducing ROS production, and modulating cytokine secretion related to cardiometabolic diseases.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enrico Sangiovanni, Mario Dell'Agli
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli, Fortunato Palma Esposito, Enrico Sangiovanni, Ester Pagano, Carmen Mannucci, Beatrice Polini, Carla Ghelardini, Mario Dell'Agli, Angelo Antonio Izzo, Gioacchino Calapai, Donatella de Pascale, Paola Nieri
Summary: Marine pharmacology is a growing discipline that combines blue biotechnology with natural compound pharmacology. Mediterranean sponges have been shown to have consistent evidence of efficacy against cancer, infections, inflammatory, and neurological disorders, highlighting their potential as pharmaceutical sources. Encouragement for the sustainable exploitation of Mediterranean sponges to discover new compounds has been emphasized.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Sbrini, Sabrina I. Hanswijk, Paola Brivio, Anthonieke Middelman, Michael Bader, Fabio Fumagalli, Natalia Alenina, Judith R. Homberg, Francesca Calabrese
Summary: Peripheral serotonin levels have an influence on brain functions under basal and dynamic situations. The lack of peripheral serotonin can reduce anxiety-like behavior, as well as neuronal activation and the expression of brain plasticity-related genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Vittoria Spero, Maria Serena Paladini, Paola Brivio, Marco Andrea Riva, Francesca Calabrese, Raffaella Molteni
Summary: Stressful events can trigger a strong antioxidant response, which can be affected by genetic factors and previous adverse experiences. The antipsychotic drug lurasidone can restore this impaired antioxidant response in specific brain regions.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giulia Martinelli, Marco Angarano, Stefano Piazza, Marco Fumagalli, Andrea Magnavacca, Carola Pozzoli, Saba Khalilpour, Mario Dell'Agli, Enrico Sangiovanni
Summary: Sumac is a spice and medicinal herb traditionally used in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. This study demonstrates its potential role in inflammatory disorders, particularly gastritis. Ethanolic extracts of Sumac showed high phenolic contents and inhibited the release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by TNF-alpha. They also exhibited antibacterial activity during H. pylori infection.
Article
Psychiatry
Paola Brivio, Matteo Audano, Maria Teresa Gallo, Piotr Gruca, Magdalena Lason, Ewa Litwa, Fabio Fumagalli, Mariusz Papp, Nico Mitro, Francesca Calabrese
Summary: Stress is the main environmental factor in the development of major depressive disorder. Individual differences play a critical role in how people respond to stress. Alterations in energy metabolism may contribute to the development of psychopathologies. Research shows that the bioenergetic status in a specific brain region can determine vulnerability or resilience to stress.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Mottarlini, Marco Fumagalli, Fernando Castillo-Diaz, Stefano Piazza, Giorgia Targa, Enrico Sangiovanni, Barbara Pacchetti, Mikael H. Sodergren, Mario Dell'Agli, Fabio Fumagalli, Lucia Caffino
Summary: CBD can be found in the rat brain, specifically in the medial prefrontal cortex, and has a dose-dependent modulation of BDNF, suggesting its potential therapeutic value in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paola Brivio, Maria Teresa Gallo, Piotr Gruca, Magdalena Lason, Ewa Litwa, Fabio Fumagalli, Mariusz Papp, Francesca Calabrese
Summary: Stress has a major impact on psychiatric disorders and individuals vary in their susceptibility and response to stress. This study investigated the neural activation and behavioral changes in rats exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) and subsequently faced with a new acute challenge. The findings suggest that the ventral hippocampus plays a crucial role in both chronic and acute stress response, and targeting this brain region may be a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance stress resilience.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Brivio, Maria Teresa Gallo, Piotr Gruca, Magdalena Lason, Ewa Litwa, Fabio Fumagalli, Mariusz Papp, Francesca Calabrese
Summary: Despite the availability of several antidepressant treatments, they are not effective for all patients. Recently, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been explored as a potential adjunctive therapy for psychiatric disorders due to its antioxidant properties. Preclinical studies have shown that NAC can enhance neuroplastic mechanisms and improve resilience, particularly through the modulation of Nr4a1 expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Falvo, Silvia Giatti, Silvia Diviccaro, Lucia Cioffi, Monika Herian, Paola Brivio, Francesca Calabrese, Donatella Caruso, Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
Summary: Patients affected by diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of cognitive deficits, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease, but the mechanisms underlying diabetic encephalopathy are not fully understood. In this study, male animal models of DM showed cognitive impairment due to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and aberrant synaptogenesis. No observations in female rats have been reported on these aspects before, so the impact of type 1 DM on memory abilities, neuroinflammation, synaptogenesis, and mitochondrial functionality was explored in a female rat model. The findings suggest that T1DM has specific effects on different brain areas, with aberrant synaptogenesis and neuroinflammation observed in the hippocampus but not in the cerebral cortex.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)