Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Stefano Giaccari, Roberto Volpato
Summary: In quantum field theory, orbifolds are obtained by gauging a finite global symmetry, but this does not apply to quantum gravity theories. In string theory, orbifolds involve gauging global symmetries on the world-sheet theory or quotienting isometries. We propose a new formulation of string orbifolds based on the gauge symmetries of a given string model. Through examples, we show how the higher group structure of the parent theory determines the gauge group and twisted sector of the orbifold theory. The dependence of this orbifold procedure on the duality frame is also discussed.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Daniel G. Robbins, Eric Sharpe, Thomas Vandermeulen
Summary: This paper introduces a new set of modular-invariant phase factors for orbifolds, which can be used in orbifold calculations. After describing their basic properties, the authors generalize these phase factors to different orbifolds and propose a precise suggestion on how to make these orbifolds equivalent to disjoint unions of other orbifolds. This proposal is validated in numerous examples.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Daniel G. Robbins, Eric Sharpe, Thomas Vandermeulen
Summary: This paper describes a generalization of decomposition in orbifolds, taking into account the impact of discrete torsion on the decomposition process. The study shows that even in the presence of discrete torsion, one can still observe rudiments of decomposition.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Joe Davighi, Nakarin Lohitsiri
Summary: This note reviews the role of homotopy groups in determining non-perturbative gauge anomalies, emphasizing that non-vanishing of pi (d) (G) is neither necessary nor sufficient for the existence of global anomalies. Through examples in 6-dimensional gauge theories, it is shown that conditions previously thought to be sufficient for global anomaly cancellation are actually necessary conditions for local anomalies to vanish.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Carlo Branchina, Vincenzo Branchina, Filippo Contino, Neda Darvishi
Summary: Although dimensional regularization (DR) is usually considered to have no direct physical interpretation, recent consensus suggests that it may possess unique physical properties to address the naturalness and hierarchy problem. However, comparing different calculations shows that DR cannot provide a solution to these problems, as the fine-tuning for the Higgs boson mass is still required.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. A. Bonin, B. M. Pimentel
Summary: In this paper, an Abelian Higgs model with nonminimal coupling between the scalar field and the Maxwell field is presented. This model leads to the Bopp-Podolsky theory, where for specific values of coupling constants, the resulting theory is the usual Maxwell theory with explicit U(1) symmetry, while in the hidden symmetry phase, the theory for electromagnetism is the Bopp-Podolsky theory.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Yasser Akou, Mohammad R. Garousi
Summary: In this paper, the classical effective action of the O-plane and its corresponding boundary terms in type II superstring theories at order alpha ' 2 and for NS-NS couplings are investigated using constraints of gauge transformations and string duality transformations. It is found that these constraints fix the bulk action and its corresponding boundary terms up to one overall factor, while also producing three multiplets in the boundary action with coefficients independent of the bulk couplings under string dualities.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Nicolas Boulanger, Victor Lekeu
Summary: The paper revisits the off-shell duality of massless fields at the free level, clarifying the relationship between different potentials and deriving action principles including extra fields using the method of parent actions. The counting of degrees of freedom and the role of the extra fields are also discussed, with examples such as the double dual graviton in D=5 and exotic dualities leading to spin three fields in D=3 being considered.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Miguel Montero, Cumrun Vafa
Summary: We explored triviality of cobordism classes and anomaly cancellation in supergravity theories in d > 6, leading to the existence of defects called I-folds. The compactification conditions to lower dimensions with these defects being anomaly-free impose restrictions on higher dimensional theories, particularly on the allowed rank of gauge groups. These restrictions explain observed limitations in string theory constructions, with the solutions in eight and nine dimensions matching string theory compactifications.Constraints on the global structure of the gauge group in eight and nine dimensions were also derived using these techniques.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Mohammad R. Garousi
Summary: The least action principle states that open spacetime manifolds have data on the boundary. It has recently been proposed that the data for effective actions at order a' are the values of the massless fields and their first derivatives, which must be respected by T-duality transformations at order a'. Moreover, the unit vector to the boundary should not be changed by T-duality transformations, implying invariance of the base space metric. Assuming such restricted T-duality transformations, it has been shown that the transformation of the parity-odd part of the effective action of the heterotic string theory at order a' under the Buscher rules is cancelled by total derivative terms and restricted T-duality transformations at order a'. By using Stokes' theorem, it is then demonstrated that the boundary terms in the base space corresponding to the total derivative terms are exactly cancelled by the transformation of the Gibbons-Hawking boundary term under the above restricted T-duality transformations. These calculations provide confirmation for the proposal of data on the boundary for effective actions at order a'.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
V. Niarchos, C. Papageorgakis, A. Pini, E. Pomoni
Summary: The research reveals that the type-B conformal anomalies of Coulomb-branch operators in 4D N = 2 SCFTs always match on the Higgs branch, but there are anomalies that do not match when the IR Coulomb-branch chiral ring is not empty.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. W. Erickson, Rahim Leung, K. S. Stelle
Summary: Reduction in effective space-time dimensionality can occur in field-theory models more general than the widely studied dimensional reductions based on technically consistent truncations. Situations where wave function factors depend non-trivially on coordinates transverse to the effective lower dimension can give rise to unusual patterns of gauge symmetry breaking.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Veronica Panizza, Ricardo Costa de Almeida, Philipp Hauke
Summary: This paper proposes a new method for verifying entanglement in lattice gauge theories using entanglement witnessing. By developing this theoretical framework, expensive state tomography can be avoided, enabling efficient certification of entanglement in lattice gauge theories. The authors also illustrate this concept using a specific example.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
M. O. Katanaev
Summary: The global conformal gauge plays a crucial role in string theory as the basis for quantization. It has been locally known for two-dimensional Lorentzian metrics for a long time. This study proves the global existence of the conformal gauge on the whole R2 for Lorentzian metrics on a plane, as well as on infinite strips representing worldsheets for open and closed bosonic strings with straight boundaries. It also proves the global existence of the conformal gauge on the whole plane for positive definite Riemannian metrics.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Theodore Erler
Summary: These notes are derived from review lectures on analytic solutions in open string field theory, which were given at the School for String Field Theory and String Phenomenology at the Harish-Chandra Research Institute in February 2018.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
