Review
Cell Biology
Dhir Gala, Sidhesh Mohak, Zsolt Fabian
Summary: Cellular therapy shows promise in treating complex pathologies, with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) being key players. Research has highlighted the importance of BMSC physiology, oxygen control, and the therapeutic effects mediated by BMSC-secreted agents such as extracellular vesicles. This interplay between low oxygen conditions and BMSC-secreted extracellular vesicles holds potential medical relevance.
Article
Oncology
Francesca Pontis, Luca Roz, Mavis Mensah, Miriam Segale, Massimo Moro, Giulia Bertolini, Ilaria Petraroia, Giovanni Centonze, Anna Maria Ferretti, Paola Suatoni, Ugo Pastorino, Orazio Fortunato, Gabriella Sozzi
Summary: This study investigated the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in lung cancer, finding that high-risk MSCpos-EVs had different membrane composition, biological cargo, and pro-tumorigenic activity compared to low-risk MSCneg-EVs. The study also showed that specific miRNAs inside EVs, such as miR-126 and miR-320, could promote angiogenesis and M2 polarization in endothelial cells and macrophages, respectively. Additionally, EVs containing miR-320 were identified as a new prognostic biomarker in lung cancer patients, with higher levels correlating with shorter overall survival.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ni Su, Yaoyao Hao, Fang Wang, Wenda Hou, Haifeng Chen, Ying Luo
Summary: This study demonstrates that cell-mediated delivery of mesenchymal stromal exosomes onto biofunctional scaffolds can induce beneficial immune cell responses in mouse skin wounds. Additionally, active adaptive T helper cell responses were found in remote immune organs, and exosome-laden scaffolds facilitated tissue repair in large skin injury models.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda L. Scheiber, Cierra A. Clark, Takashi Kaito, Masahiro Iwamoto, Edwin M. Horwitz, Yuka Imamura Kawasawa, Satoru Otsuru
Summary: This study compared the effects of high-performance culture media with conventional culture media on the production and quality of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). It was found that the high-performance media significantly increased the production of EVs from BMSCs without affecting their multipotency and immunophenotypes. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the RNA content in EVs from high-performance media was significantly reduced, with altered profiles of microRNA enriched in those related to cellular growth and proliferation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Shuqing Zhang, Cassidy Mulder, Suzette Riddle, Rui Song, Dongmei Yue
Summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication in preterm infants, and treatment options are limited. Recent studies have shown promising results in using mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) to treat BPD, reducing inflammation, mitochondrial impairment, lung injury, and fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Manon Jammes, Romain Contentin, Frederic Casse, Philippe Galera
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease without a curative treatment. Studying equine OA can help improve horse health and serve as preclinical studies for human medicine. The immunomodulatory and regenerative potentials of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer promising acellular therapy options. Optimizing MSC secretome potential and exploring pro-inflammatory environments could enhance MSC therapies for managing OA.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Angeles de Pedro, Maria Gomez-Serrano, Federica Marinaro, Esther Lopez, Maria Pulido, Christian Preusser, Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Francisco Miguel Sanchez-Margallo, Veronica Alvarez, Javier G. Casado
Summary: The combination of interferon gamma (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was found to be the optimal priming condition for enhancing the immunomodulatory capacity of MenSCs, increasing the release of EVs and differential expressed miRNAs. MenSC-derived secretomes inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells and upregulated immune checkpoint expression in CD4+ T cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiumei Wang, Fan Xu, Hengyuan Kou, Yawen Zheng, Jing Yang, Zhi Xu, Yao Fang, Wenbo Sun, Shuyi Zhu, Qin Jiang, Xiaowei Wei, Yong Xu
Summary: Radiation is commonly used to treat localized prostate cancer, but its efficacy is reduced when more aggressive or metastatic phenotypes occur. Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles contribute to treatment resistance by delivering small bioactive molecules. This study demonstrates that stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles enhance the radioresistance of prostate cancer cells by transporting interleukin-8.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai, Kuender D. Yang, Kuang-Hsi Chang, Frank Cheau-Feng Lin, Ruey-Hwang Chou, Min-Chih Li, Ching-Chang Cheng, Chien-Yu Kao, Chie-Pein Chen, Hung-Ching Lin, Yi-Chao Hsu
Summary: The study demonstrated that UCMSC exosomes have protective effects in treating ototoxicity-induced hearing loss by promoting tissue remodeling and repair.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Enrico Ragni, Carlotta Perucca Orfei, Laura de Girolamo
Summary: Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) have therapeutic potential in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The secretome of BMSCs, including soluble mediators and extracellular vesicles (EVs), suppress immune response, attenuate inflammation, and promote cartilage repair. This study found that the molecules in the secretome can inhibit the activation of immune cells, reduce the production of OA-related inflammatory mediators, and promote cartilage protection.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dominik Hanetseder, Tina Levstek, Andreas Herbert Teuschl-Woller, Julia Katharina Frank, Barbara Schaedl, Heinz Redl, Darja Marolt Presen
Summary: This study used human-induced pluripotent stem cells to generate an engineered extracellular matrix (iECM) and tested its effects on the osteogenic capacity of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). The results showed that BMSCs cultured on iECM exhibited increased proliferation, osteogenic marker expression, and mineralization. When cultured in 3D iECM/silk scaffolds, BMSCs also showed increased osteogenic gene expression levels and bone matrix deposition. These findings suggest that iECM can enhance the osteogenic activity of BMSCs, providing a bioactive and scalable biomaterial strategy for bone regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
M. C. Sanmartin, F. R. Borzone, M. B. Giorello, N. Pacienza, G. Yannarelli, N. A. Chasseing
Summary: Breast cancer, a common pathology in women, often leads to bone metastases with high mortality. Research shows that breast cancer cells prepare a pre-metastatic niche for colonization in the future. While the role of different cellular components in bone metastasis is well described, studying the changes in the microenvironment before tumor cells arrive is a novel field of research.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shunling Yuan, Guangfeng Li, Jinbo Zhang, Xiao Chen, Jiacan Su, Fengjin Zhou
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage damage and severe pain. Current therapies fail to halt OA progression, creating a need for alternative approaches. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) offer potential as a regenerative treatment for OA, possessing anti-inflammatory properties and promoting cartilage healing. MSC-EVs have advantages over cell-based therapies, and researchers are exploring strategies to enhance their delivery and efficacy. This article reviews the potential use of MSC-EVs in treating OA, discussing benefits, challenges, and the possibility of using allogeneic and autologous MSC-EVs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bianca Cruz Pachane, Ana Carolina Caetano Nunes, Thais Regiani Cataldi, Kelli Cristina Micocci, Bianca Caruso Moreira, Carlos Alberto Labate, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo, Wanessa Fernanda Altei
Summary: Hypoxia in triple-negative breast tumors promotes the secretion of extracellular vesicles, which enhance cell invasion. In this study, we investigated the invasive properties triggered by hypoxic small EVs derived from TNBC tumors. The results showed that hypoxic EVs have increased protein abundance and diversity, and are enriched in pro-invasive pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huong Giang Le, Jung-Mi Kang, Tuan Cuong Vo, Won Gi Yoo, Byoung-Kuk Na
Summary: In this study, the functional properties of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the pathogenic amoeba Naegleria fowleri were characterized. The results showed that these EVs induce proinflammatory immune responses in BV-2 microglial cells via the NF-κB-dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. This suggests that NfEVs play a role in the pathogenic mechanisms of N. fowleri by activating inflammation cascades in brain cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)