Article
Plant Sciences
E. Zaveska, O. Sida, J. Leong-Skornickova, Z. Chumova, P. Travnicek, M. F. Newman, A. D. Poulsen, A. Bohmova, H. Chudackova, T. Fer
Summary: Species with large genomes tend to be excluded from environments with shorter growing seasons, and the size of the genome is closely related to shoot seasonality in ginger plants. In the Zingiberoidae subfamily, species with larger genomes are excluded from areas with a shorter growing season, while in the Alpinioideae subfamily, genome size is correlated with stem type and light requirements.
Article
Plant Sciences
Amalia Ibiapino, Miguel A. Garcia, Bruno Amorim, Mariana Baez, Mihai Costea, Sasa Stefanovic, Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
Summary: Karyotypes of Cuscuta plants exhibit high diversity in terms of chromosome number and genome size. The prevalent evolutionary processes in this genus include genome duplications and dysploidy. The expansion of genome size in Cuscuta may be associated with its parasitic lifestyle. The position of rDNA sites varies, especially in species with multiple sites in the same karyotype.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Danon Clemes Cardoso, Maykon Passos Cristiano
Summary: Ants are an important insect group with a wide range of chromosome numbers, from 1 to 60. DNA molecules can be quantified to study evolution at the species level. Fungus-farming ants exhibit significant variation in chromosome number across species, requiring further research.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ge-Ran Hutang, Yan Tong, Xun-Ge Zhu, Li-Zhi Gao
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the genome size variation and evolution in the genus Eragrostis. The results suggest that the genome size variation in Eragrostis is mainly caused by polyploidization and may be an adaptation to various environments. The adaptation and conservatism are manifested in the genome size variation in this genus.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Phuong T. N. Hoang, Joerg Fuchs, Veit Schubert, Tram B. N. Tran, Ingo Schubert
Summary: Chromosome sets and genome sizes are stable for distinct species and provide essential cues for taxonomy and phylogenetic relationship studies. This study presents a survey on chromosome counts and genome size measurement for all 36 duckweed species, discussing their evolutionary impact and peculiarities in duckweeds.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sylvia Plaschil, Simone Abel, Evelyn Klocke
Summary: The DNA content of species from all subgenera and sections of the versatile genus Pelargonium was estimated, showing a high plasticity within the genus. Choosing the right tissue sample is crucial for flow cytometry analysis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Natalia Borowska-Zuchowska, Magdalena Senderowicz, Dana Trunova, Bozena Kolano
Summary: Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics focused on cellular components, especially chromosomes, and their relationship to heredity, genome structure, function, and evolution. Modern cytogenetic approaches allow for the visualization of different sequences in the plant genome and contribute to understanding its evolutionary history.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zijiang Yang, Shanshan Chen, Shufen Wang, Ying Hu, Guanghui Zhang, Yang Dong, Shengchao Yang, Jianhua Miao, Wei Chen, Jun Sheng
Summary: A high-quality genome assembly of Siberian ginseng was reported, revealing a high proportion of transposable elements and a large number of predicted protein-coding genes. Comparative analysis with other plant genomes showed that whole-genome duplication events and a burst expansion of chromoviral elements may have contributed to adaptation in the Araliaceae family.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shanshan Huang, Huiying Li, Liyuan Ma, Rui Liu, Yiran Li, Hongmei Wang, Xiaolu Lu, Xinping Huang, Xinhong Wu, Xueduan Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the distribution and evolution of insertion sequences (IS) in 36 Acidithiobacillus genomes and found significant differences in IS distribution and copy number among different species. ISs can enhance the resistance of Acidithiobacillus to heavy metals and improve their adaptation to extreme acidic environments by utilizing sulfur.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yan Li, Sheng Wang, Zhe Zhang, Jing Luo, Guo Liang Lin, Wei-Dong Deng, Zhifan Guo, Feng Ming Han, Li-Li Wang, Jie Li, Shi-Fang Wu, He-Qun Liu, Sheng He, Robert W. Murphy, Zi-Jie Zhang, David N. Cooper, Dong-Dong Wu, Ya-Ping Zhang
Summary: By assembling the chromosome-level reference genome of gayal, we revealed the structure of a Robertsonian translocation and challenged the traditional view of meiotic dysfunction in speciation. We also identified gene expression irregularities related to muscle development, which may have contributed to the rapid adaptation of gayal to its mountain habitat.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Danmei Su, Fumin Xie, Haiying Liu, Dengfeng Xie, Juan Li, Xingjin He, Xianlin Guo, Songdong Zhou
Summary: The study sequenced and compared the complete plastid sequences of Lilium lankongense and its five related species, revealing slight inconsistencies and identifying two highly variable regions for population-level studies. The incongruence between plastid and nuclear gene trees may be due to hybridization, lack of information in the nuclear ITS, or the small sample size.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas D. Brekke, Alexander S. T. Papadopulos, Eva Julia, Oscar Fornas, Beiyuan Fu, Fengtang Yang, Roberto de la Fuente, Jesus Page, Tobias Baril, Alexander Hayward, John F. Mulley
Summary: Chromosome-scale genome assemblies using ultralong-read sequencing technologies reveal fine-scale centromere structure and large-scale variation in genome features. A new chromosome-scale genome of the Mongolian gerbil with complete centromere sequence is presented. Gerbil centromeres consist of four different repeats of various lengths in alternating arrays, spanning 1-6 Mb. The study highlights the importance of karyotypic features in genome interpretation and uncovers novel patterns in chromosome evolution.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Landi Feng, Hao Lin, Minghui Kang, Yumeng Ren, Xi Yu, Zhanpeng Xu, Shuo Wang, Ting Li, Wenjie Yang, Quanjun Hu
Summary: This study reveals the mechanisms of chromosomal karyotype evolution and gene family expansion in alpine genus plants adapting to high-altitude environments.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Kenta Adachi, Ai Yoshizumi, Takashi Kuramochi, Ryusuke Kado, Sei-Ichi Okumura
Summary: The genome size (C-value) of a species is an important characteristic closely related to organism evolution. Our study suggests a potential positive correlation between AT content and C-value in the cephalopods lineages, and a negative correlation in the gastropod lineages. The reduction of C-value in the Bivalvia lineage is unlikely due to selective deletion of AT-rich regions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fei Qi, Shuang Liang, Piyi Xing, Yinguang Bao, Richard R. -C. Wang, Xingfeng Li
Summary: This study used molecular cytogenetics to investigate the karyotype composition of intermediate wheatgrass and found variability in the karyotypes of different accessions. The researchers concluded that the chromosomes of intermediate wheatgrass mainly originated from Dasypyrum breviaristatum and the genus Pseudoroegneria.