Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leen Beller, Ward Deboutte, Sara Vieira-Silva, Gwen Falony, Raul Yhossef Tito, Leen Rymenans, Claude Kwe Yinda, Bert Vanmechelen, Lore Van Espen, Daan Jansen, Chenyan Shi, Mark Zeller, Piet Maes, Karoline Faust, Marc Van Ranst, Jeroen Raes, Jelle Matthijnssens
Summary: This study analyzed the virome and 16/18S gene data from 304 fecal samples of eight infants. The findings show that the gut virome is mainly composed of bacteriophages, which rapidly increase in abundance within the first few weeks after birth. The majority of phages are individual-specific, but there are also some common phages among infants. Bacterial hosts could be predicted for most of the phages, mainly infecting Firmicutes. Additionally, clinically asymptomatic eukaryotic viruses were detected, with an increase in infection rate after day-care entrance.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Manal Ali Ahmad, Mirey Karavetian, Carole Ayoub Moubareck, Gabi Wazz, Tarek Mahdy, Koen Venema
Summary: This study found differences in gut microbiota composition between obese and lean adult Emiratis, as well as associations between certain microbial genera and obesity. These findings highlight the potential relationship between gut microbiota and obesity, and further research is warranted.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Armin Rashidi, Maryam Ebadi, Tauseef Ur Rehman, Heba Elhusseini, Harika Nalluri, Thomas Kaiser, Shernan G. Holtan, Alexander Khoruts, Daniel J. Weisdorf, Christopher Staley
Summary: Our study found that despite heavy and sustained antibiotic pressure, microbial communities within the same patient remained more similar to each other than to those from other patients. We identified 6 taxa within the pre-treatment microbiota that predicted the extent of antibiotic-induced perturbations. Our results suggest that specific species in the pre-treatment microbiota play a key role in determining personalized microbiota responses to antibiotics in humans, which could lead to precision interventions to prevent antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and its adverse clinical consequences.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Shafi Kuchay, Jose Ignacio Martinez-Montoro, Narendra Singh Choudhary, Jose Carlos Fernandez-Garcia, Bruno Ramos-Molina
Summary: Lean/non-obese NAFLD affects a significant portion of the global population and poses a public health concern. Despite similarities in metabolic abnormalities with obese NAFLD, lean NAFLD individuals exhibit differences in genetic predisposition, body composition, gut microbiota, and environmental susceptibility. Current treatment strategies focus on improving overall health and reducing visceral adiposity, with potential pharmacological options being explored for lean NAFLD management.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wen Xu, Ming Zhong, Tingting Pan, Hongping Qu, Erzhen Chen
Summary: This study found that gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels are associated with enteral nutrition tolerance in critically ill patients. On the first day of enteral nutrition initiation, the tolerance group had higher microbiota diversity and operational taxonomic units than the intolerance group. On the third day, the genus Escherichia-Shigella was significantly elevated in the tolerance group. The levels of short-chain fatty acids decreased more significantly in the intolerance group.
Article
Microbiology
Craig Resch, Mihir Parikh, J. Alejandro Austria, Spencer D. Proctor, Thomas Netticadan, Heather Blewett, Grant N. Pierce
Summary: Research indicates that an HFHS diet leads to dysbiosis in the gut microbiota, and gender, diet, and flaxseed supplementation all play a role in influencing the composition and diversity of the microbiota.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beatriz Navajas-Porras, Sergio Perez-Burillo, Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira, Konstantinos Douros, Silvia Pastoriza, Jose Angel Rufian-Henares
Summary: The gut microbiota of obese children extracts a lower concentration of antioxidant capacity compared to lean children. The total antioxidant capacity of foods is influenced by the gut microbiota, with lean gut microbiota showing higher antioxidant capacity. The method used for analysis can slightly influence whether the antioxidant capacity is released from plant or animal products.
Article
Microbiology
Madeleine Spatz, Gregory Da Costa, Rebecka Ventin-Holmberg, Julien Planchais, Chloe Michaudel, Yazhou Wang, Camille Danne, Alexia Lapiere, Marie-Laure Michel, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Philippe Langella, Harry Sokol, Mathias L. Richard
Summary: This study investigated the effects of antibiotic treatment on the fungal microbiota in the gut. It was found that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment led to a decrease in the overall fungal population in mouse feces and a remodeling of the fungal community. Certain bacterial strains were shown to inhibit fungal growth. This study provides new insights into the interactions between fungi and bacteria in the gut and may offer new strategies for modulating gut microbiota equilibrium.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Feng Zhang, Minglan Yang, Jia Xu, Yanzhou Hu, Ruxin Gao, Kunlun Huang, Xiaoyun He
Summary: This study found that Coreopsis tinctoria and its compound kaempferol can reduce weight, lower blood glucose, improve glucose tolerance, and alleviate insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity mice. Furthermore, they can restore gut microbiota balance and increase levels of Desulfovibrio and Butyricimonas, which are beneficial for glucose metabolism and intestinal health.
Article
Immunology
Joseph Kai Man Li, Lynn Lin Wang, Becky Su Yan Lau, Ryan Tsz Hei Tse, Carol Ka Lo Cheng, Steven Chi Ho Leung, Christine Yim Ping Wong, Stephen Kwok Wing Tsui, Jeremy Yuen Chun Teoh, Peter Ka Fung Chiu, Chi Fai Ng
Summary: This study investigated the impact of a single dose of oral co-amoxiclav on the gut microbiota before transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate biopsy (TPPBx) in the following five weeks. The results showed that the gut microbiota experienced irreversible changes after the administration of oral co-amoxiclav.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Judit Companys, Maria Jose Gosalbes, Laura Pla-Paga, Lorena Calderon-Perez, Elisabet Llaurado, Anna Pedret, Rosa Maria Valls, Nuria Jimenez-Hernandez, Berner Andree Sandoval-Ramirez, Josep Maria del Bas, Antoni Caimari, Laura Rubio, Rosa Sola
Summary: The study identified specific gut microbiota composition associated with clinical variables and dietary intake in overweight/obese and lean subjects. Certain bacteria were found to be biomarkers for obesity, and the association between saturated fatty acids and different bacterial genera varied based on BMI, indicating potential tools for managing obesity through diet-microbiota interactions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ben A. Kappel, Lorenzo De Angelis, Andreas Puetz, Marta Ballanti, Rossella Menghini, Nikolaus Marx, Massimo Federici
Summary: There is a link between gut microbiota and host cholesterol metabolism, and changes in gut microbiota may contribute to hypercholesterolemia. Treatment with antibiotics can increase serum cholesterol levels and potentially impact cardiovascular disease.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Sofia Ainonen, Mysore Tejesvi, Md. Rayhan Mahmud, Niko Paalanne, Tytti Pokka, Weizhong Li, Karen E. Nelson, Jarmo Salo, Marjo Renko, Petri Vanni, Anna Maria Pirttila, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: Perinatal antibiotic exposure had a significant impact on the gut microbiota of 1-year-old infants, with a greater effect than exposure to later courses of antibiotics. The composition of the gut microbiota was found to be influenced by the timing of antibiotic exposure.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xinbo Zhou, Junjie Zhang, Yutong Sun, Jian Shen, Bo Sun, Qingquan Ma
Summary: This study found that glutamine (Gln) has a positive effect on liver steatosis and promotes hepatic homeostasis by improving glucose metabolism and regulating signaling pathways. Obese mice fed with Gln had higher levels of colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lower levels of inflammation factor proteins, and a decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes bacteria was observed.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siyuan Feng, Chen Meng, Zikai Hao, Hong Liu
Summary: The gut microbiota is closely associated with subhealth. B. licheniformis has the potential in regulating subhealth by remodeling the gut microbiota, reducing inflammation, regulating neurotransmitter levels, and easing a negative mood.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Manoj Gurung, Zhipeng Li, Hannah You, Richard Rodrigues, Donald B. Jump, Andrey Morgun, Natalia Shulzhenko
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Richard R. Rodrigues, Manoj Gurung, Zhipeng Li, Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo, Renee Greer, Christopher Gaulke, Franziska Bauchinger, Hyekyoung You, Jacob W. Pederson, Stephany Vasquez-Perez, Kimberly D. White, Briana Frink, Benjamin Philmus, Donald B. Jump, Giorgio Trinchieri, David Berry, Thomas J. Sharpton, Amiran Dzutsev, Andrey Morgun, Natalia Shulzhenko
Summary: The Western diet is a major contributor to diabetes, with gut microbiota playing a crucial role in mediating its effects. Utilizing network analysis, the study identifies two species of Lactobacilli decreased by the Western diet, which improve glucose metabolism and restore hepatic mitochondria function in mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Isabelle E. Logan, Natalia Shulzhenko, Thomas J. Sharpton, Gerd Bobe, Kitty Liu, Stephanie Nuss, Megan L. Jones, Cristobal L. Miranda, Stephany Vasquez-Perez, Jamie M. Pennington, Scott W. Leonard, Jaewoo Choi, Wenbin Wu, Manoj Gurung, Joyce P. Kim, Malcolm B. Lowry, Andrey Morgun, Claudia S. Maier, Jan F. Stevens, Adrian F. Gombart
Summary: Xanthohumol (XN) requires the intestinal microbiota to mediate its benefits in improving glucose and lipid metabolism, with changes in both microbial composition and functional capacity. The study found that XN supplementation decreased plasma insulin concentrations and improved insulin resistance in conventional mice, but not in germ-free mice. Furthermore, analysis indicated that XN supplementation altered microbial composition and led to the production of biologically active compounds by the intestinal microbiota.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Maya L. Gosztyla, Lydia Kwong, Naomi A. Murray, Claire E. Williams, Nicholas Behnke, Porsia Curry, Kevin D. Corbett, Karen N. DSouza, Julia Gala de Pablo, Joanina Gicobi, Monica Javidnia, Navina Lotay, Sidney Madison Prescott, James P. Quinn, Zeena M. G. Rivera, Markia A. Smith, Karen T. Y. Tang, Aarya Venkat, Megan A. Yamoah
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Minerva Orellana, Kirsten A. Riggan, Karen DSouza, Elizabeth A. Stewart, Sateria Venable, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Megan A. Allyse
Summary: This study explored the experiences of 47 women of reproductive age in the U.S. diagnosed with uterine fibroids. Women of color reported significant disruptions in work and home life due to fibroid symptoms, as well as perceptions that their race/ethnicity impacted their uterine fibroid treatment, leading to skepticism towards the medical system and avoidance of longitudinal care. Cultural and familial factors play a significant role in uterine fibroid diagnosis and management, highlighting the importance of culturally sensitive care and bias reduction in treatment.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zhipeng Li, Manoj Gurung, Richard R. Rodrigues, Jyothi Padiadpu, Nolan K. Newman, Nathan P. Manes, Jacob W. Pederson, Renee L. Greer, Stephany Vasquez-Perez, Hyekyoung You, Kaito A. Hioki, Zoe Moulton, Anna Fel, Dominic De Nardo, Amiran K. Dzutsev, Aleksandra Nita-Lazar, Giorgio Trinchieri, Natalia Shulzhenko, Andrey Morgun
Summary: Microbiota contribute to the induction of type 2 diabetes by causing OXPHOS damage in white adipose tissue. Mmp12(+) macrophages link microbiota-dependent inflammation and OXPHOS damage in WAT.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Fernanda Rosa, Ashok K. Sharma, Manoj Gurung, David Casero, Katelin Matazel, Lars Bode, Christy Simecka, Ahmed A. Elolimy, Patricia Tripp, Christopher Randolph, Timothy W. Hand, Keith D. Williams, Tanya LeRoith, Laxmi Yeruva
Summary: HMOs have a direct impact on gastrointestinal function and immunity, even in the absence of host microbiota. HMO treatment leads to changes in gene expression in intestinal tissues and affects the distribution of immune cells and antibody production.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli, Richard B. Hays, Karen D'Souza, Shannon L. Saad, Helen Rienits, Antonio Celenza, Rinki Murphy
Summary: Assessment of senior medical students should consider both formal learning outcomes and the candidate's contribution to safe care and readiness for practice. Modern assessment practices should also include qualitative information and perspectives from patients, employers, and regulators.
Article
Microbiology
N. K. Newman, Y. Zhang, J. Padiadpu, C. L. Miranda, A. A. Magana, C. P. Wong, K. A. Hioki, J. W. Pederson, Z. Li, M. Gurung, A. M. Bruce, K. Brown, G. Bobe, T. J. Sharpton, N. Shulzhenko, C. S. Maier, J. F. Stevens, A. F. Gombart, A. Morgun
Summary: This study shows that TXN can alleviate adverse phenotypic outcomes of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome by reducing the abundance of pro-inflammatory gut microbes, which can otherwise promote macrophage-associated inflammation in white adipose tissue.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Felicity T. Enders, Elizabeth H. Golembiewski, Minerva A. Orellana, Karen N. DSouza, Mohamed A. Addani, Eleshia J. Morrison, Joanne T. Benson, Carmen J. Silvano, Laura M. Pacheco-Spann, Joyce E. Balls-Berry
Summary: This article itemizes specific mechanisms through which institutions can support diverse individuals to improve inclusion and belonging in the workforce, reflecting the diversity of patients and research participants.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Karen N. DSouza, Minerva Orellana, Alessandra J. Ainsworth, Gabrielle Cummings, Kirsten A. Riggan, Chandra C. Shenoy, Megan A. Allyse
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread effects on the healthcare system, including the pause of fertility care and assisted reproductive procedures. Through qualitative interviews with patients, it was found that some patients disagreed with clinic closure and treatment interruption, highlighting the importance of supporting decision-making during crisis.
JOURNAL OF PATIENT EXPERIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Minerva Orellana, Miguel Valdez-Soto, Tabetha A. Brockman, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Maria Guadalupe Zavala Rocha, Megan A. Allyse, Karen N. DSouza, Kirsten A. Riggan, Young Juhn, Christi Patten
Summary: Mayo Clinic established a Pediatric Advisory Board (PAB) consisting of 18 diverse youth aged 11-17, who provided feedback to researchers in quarterly meetings. Youth advisory boards can promote engagement in pediatric research.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hao Gong, Jeffrey F. Marsh, Karen N. D'Souza, Nathan R. Huber, Kishore Rajendran, Joel G. Fletcher, Cynthia H. McCollough, Shuai Leng
Summary: In this study, a deep learning method called Incept-net was developed to reduce noise and beam-hardening artifact in virtual monoenergetic images at low x-ray energy levels. The results showed that Incept-net significantly outperformed commercial VMI software in terms of noise reduction and beam-hardening artifact suppression, with improved CT number accuracy in lower-density inserts.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Karen N. DSouza, Minerva Orellana, Kirsten A. Riggan, Miguel Valdez-Soto, Tabetha A. Brockman, Maria Guadalupe Zavala Rocha, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Young Juhn, Christi A. Patten, Megan A. Allyse
Summary: The study found that members of the Pediatric Advisory Board believed that this form could meet the need for feedback from young people to develop age-appropriate research materials. While some members expressed interest in the research topics, there were also barriers to full participation, including lack of self-confidence, anxiety, and discomfort in expressing opinions in a group setting.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Karen N. DSouza, Kirsten A. Riggan, Minerva Orellana, Sateria Venable, Elizabeth A. Stewart, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Megan A. Allyse
Summary: The study found that many women with a uterine fibroid diagnosis expressed a desire for future pregnancy, but also faced different reproductive outcomes. Many participants believed that provider discussions were intended to rule out fertility-sparing treatment options instead of supporting their reproductive goals.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)