期刊
PLOS PATHOGENS
卷 13, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006446
关键词
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资金
- National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI104920]
- Public Health Service, National Research Service Award from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences [T32 GM007270]
- Helen Riaboff Whiteley Endowment
- Public Health Service, National Research Service Award from the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [T32 AI083203]
The small intestinal epithelium produces numerous antimicrobial peptides and proteins, including abundant enteric alpha-defensins. Although they most commonly function as potent antivirals in cell culture, enteric alpha-defensins have also been shown to enhance some viral infections in vitro. Efforts to determine the physiologic relevance of enhanced infection have been limited by the absence of a suitable cell culture system. To address this issue, here we use primary stem cellderived small intestinal enteroids to examine the impact of naturally secreted alpha-defensins on infection by the enteric mouse pathogen, mouse adenovirus 2 (MAdV-2). MAdV-2 infection was increased when enteroids were inoculated across an alpha-defensin gradient in a manner that mimics oral infection but not when alpha-defensin levels were absent or bypassed through other routes of inoculation. This increased infection was a result of receptor-independent binding of virus to the cell surface. The enteroid experiments accurately predicted increased MAdV-2 shedding in the feces of wild type mice compared to mice lacking functional alpha-defensins. Thus, our studies have shown that viral infection enhanced by enteric alpha-defensins may reflect the evolution of some viruses to utilize these host proteins to promote their own infection.
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