期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW X
卷 7, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031044
关键词
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资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through the National Centre of Competence in Research-Quantum Science and Technology (NCCR QSIT) [51NF40-160591]
The efficient conversion of thermal energy to mechanical work by a heat engine is an ongoing technological challenge. Since the pioneering work of Carnot, it has been known that the efficiency of heat engines is bounded by a fundamental upper limit-the Carnot limit. Theoretical studies suggest that heat engines may be operated beyond the Carnot limit by exploiting stationary, nonequilibrium reservoirs that are characterized by a temperature as well as further parameters. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrate that the efficiency of a nanobeam heat engine coupled to squeezed thermal noise is not bounded by the standard Carnot limit. Remarkably, we also show that it is possible to design a cyclic process that allows for extraction of mechanical work from a single squeezed thermal reservoir. Our results demonstrate a qualitatively new regime of nonequilibrium thermodynamics at small scales and provide a new perspective on the design of efficient, highly miniaturized engines.
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