Review
Environmental Sciences
Vini Simas, Ben Schram, Elisa F. D. Canetti, Danny Maupin, Robin Orr
Summary: Law enforcement officers may need to use firearms in threatening situations, making shooting accuracy crucial. Research shows that physical exertion and tactical load carriage do not decrease shooting performance, while anxiety can have a negative impact. Training under stress can help counteract the negative effects of anxiety on shooting performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Benedikt Heusler, Christine Sutter
Summary: The study shows that targeted training on gaze control and visual attention significantly improves decision-making performance, response time, and tactical handling in shoot scenarios for police officers. This training has a greater impact on decision-making performance than traditional firearms training.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Robin M. Orr, Jeremy Robinson, Ksaniel Hasanki, Kimberly A. Talaber, Ben Schram, Adam Roberts
Summary: This study investigated the correlations between absolute and relative strength measures and occupational task performance in specialist tactical police officers. The results showed significant moderate to strong correlations between all strength measures and victim drag performance. There were also significant negative moderate correlations between relative bench press, absolute and relative squat, and absolute and relative pull-up and pack march times.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Whitney Tramel, Ben Schram, Elisa Canetti, Robin Orr
Summary: This review focuses on the subjective and objective measures used to evaluate physiological stress in tactical occupations. After screening and evaluation, 42 studies were included. Common objective measures include heart rate, cortisol, and body temperature, while subjective measures include perceived exertion ratings and the Self Trait Anxiety Inventory. These measures can be used to monitor the stressors faced by tactical personnel during training.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Jay Dawes, Jordan Scott, Elisa F. D. Canetti, Robert G. Lockie, Ben Schram, Robin M. Orr
Summary: The study aims to analyze the performance of police trainees in a physical competency test and provide conditioning requirements for recruitment. The results indicate significant differences in physical performance between genders and age groups, with younger trainees performing better. Conditioning may be necessary for older trainees to improve physical performance.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nathan D. Dicks, Marni E. Shoemaker, Kathryn J. DeShaw, Michael J. Carper, Kyle J. Hackney, Allison M. Barry
Summary: This study aimed to determine if cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and physical activity levels could predict performance in a Midwest Police Department's Physical Readiness Assessment (PRA). The results showed that higher estimated (V)over dotO(2max) and lower BF% were the best predictors for faster PRA completion times, accounting for 45% and 32% of the variance, respectively. These findings support the need for wellness and fitness initiatives in law enforcement agencies to ensure optimal performance in policing and overall health.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Law
Gary Born
Summary: The Hague Convention on Choice of Courts Agreements aims to be a significant private international law treaty, substantially altering rules in various jurisdictions regarding the recognition and enforcement of international choice-of-court agreements. Proponents see it as replicating the terms and success of the New York Convention, but applied to cross-border forum selection agreements.
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA LAW REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Robin M. Orr, Robert Lockie, Gemma Milligan, Cheryl Lim, Jay Dawes
Summary: This review explores the various uses of physical fitness assessments in tactical occupations and highlights important considerations for their implementation.
STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Ranjeet Singh, Yogesh Chauhan, Nemiraja Jadiyappa
Summary: The bankruptcy reform in India, which balances the rights of creditors and debtors, encourages distressed firms to take more risks. This reform improves the operating performance of distressed firms by altering their incentives.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. McAllister, Hunter S. Waldman, Arny A. Ferrando, Jill Joyce, Nicholas D. Barringer, J. Jay Dawes, Adam J. Kieffer, Travis Harvey, Chad M. Kerksick, Jeffrey R. Stout, Tim N. Ziegenfuss, Annette Zapp, Jamie L. Tartar, Jeffery L. Heileson, Trisha A. VanDusseldorp, Douglas S. Kalman, Bill Campbell, Jose Antonio, Richard B. Kreider
Summary: This article provides a summary of the energy and nutritional demands of tactical athletes, military personnel, and first responders, and offers related nutritional guidelines. The article emphasizes the importance of providing adequate calories, macronutrients, and fluid, and recommends strategic nutritional supplementation. For military personnel, the Military Dietary Reference Intakes (MDRIs) meet energy demands, and supplements such as caffeine and creatine monohydrate may be beneficial under high-stress conditions. For first responders, general macronutrient guidelines and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges for healthy adults may be applicable. Strategies such as policy implementation and creating supportive food environments can improve physical activity and diet habits.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biology
Luis M. Massuca, Vanessa Santos, Luis F. Monteiro
Summary: This review examines the relationship between physical fitness and health among police officers based on international and Portuguese studies. The most commonly used fitness measures for police officers include muscular strength, endurance, power, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, flexibility, and agility. The analysis of health parameters is limited at the international level, but an acceptable sample is available for Portuguese police officers. More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between physical fitness and health in this population.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Robert G. Lockie, J. Jay Dawes, Robin M. Orr
Summary: This study analyzed the health and fitness data of police officers involved in a health and wellness program from 2018-2020 and compared them to population norms. The results showed that overall, the officers had good profiles relative to population norms, but the 2020 group showed some superior performance in certain aspects. The study suggests that the wellness program benefits the well-being of officers.
WORK-A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Robert Lockie, J. Jay Dawes, Takato Sakura, Benjamin Schram, Robin M. Orr
Summary: This study examined the relationship between physical fitness assessment measures and a task-specific physical competency test among police officers. The results showed significant correlations between the measures in the fitness assessment test and the performance in the competency test, with the 2.4 km run and push-ups showing the strongest correlations. The findings highlight the importance of aerobic capacity, muscular endurance, strength, and power for successful performance during police officers' occupational tasks.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Gianvincenzo Alfano, Sergio Greco, Francesco Parisi
Summary: Dealing with controversial information is a challenging task for intelligent systems, requiring reasoning on arguments for and against a claim using formal argumentation. Argumentation frameworks often model dynamic situations that frequently change over time, necessitating the re-computation of accepted arguments after an update. This article proposes an incremental algorithmic solution to efficiently recompute extensions of dynamic argumentation frameworks.
IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James W. Hazel, Catherine Hammack-Aviran, Kathleen M. Brelsford, Bradley A. Malin, Laura M. Beskow, Ellen Wright Clayton
Summary: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing is marketed as a tool to uncover ancestry and kinship information, but users' responses to these tests are varied, with concerns about privacy, disruptive consequences, misuse, and secondary use by law enforcement. Research on potential users revealed differences in perceptions of value, risks, and benefits, particularly in regards to contact with unknown relatives and concerns about data control and potential harm stemming from secondary data use. Themes related to forensic genealogy also elicited varied reactions, reflecting the current public debate on law enforcement access to genetic data.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Quincy R. Johnson, Jacob Scraper, Robert Lockie, Robin M. Orr, J. Jay Dawes
Summary: The primary aim of ROTC programs is to prepare cadets for future military service, and movement screening is important in identifying potential movement disparities. This study found sex-related differences in movement patterns on the FMS, with females having greater mobility in the ankle and hamstrings, and males performing better on the TSPU test. These differences should be considered when designing exercise programs for ROTC cadets.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Simone D. O'Shea, Rod Pope, Katharine Freire, Robin Orr
Summary: LUTS are commonly experienced by female military personnel and veterans in Australia, similar to the broader female population. Tailored monitoring and support should be available to enhance occupational health, safety, and performance.
INTERNATIONAL UROGYNECOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Robert Lockie, J. Jay Dawes, Takato Sakura, Benjamin Schram, Robin M. Orr
Summary: This study examined the relationship between physical fitness assessment measures and a task-specific physical competency test among police officers. The results showed significant correlations between the measures in the fitness assessment test and the performance in the competency test, with the 2.4 km run and push-ups showing the strongest correlations. The findings highlight the importance of aerobic capacity, muscular endurance, strength, and power for successful performance during police officers' occupational tasks.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Orthopedics
Ryan L. McGrath, Sophie Shephard, Anthony Berrick, Tracey Parnell, Sarah Verdon, Rodney Pope
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robin Orr, Elisa F. D. Canetti, Rodney Pope, Robert G. G. Lockie, J. Jay Dawes, Ben Schram
Summary: This study examines the injuries suffered by mounted police officers and compares them to non-mounted officers. The data shows that the majority of reported injuries come from non-mounted officers. The leading cause of injuries for mounted officers is slips, trips, and falls, while physical assault is the leading cause for non-mounted officers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh, Saleh Al Sulaie, Saeid Yazdanirad, Robin Marc Orr, Hossein Dehdarirad, Alireza Milajerdi
Summary: Lack of sleep can impact the health and performance of firefighters. A systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the global prevalence of sleep disorders among firefighters is 30.49%, and the prevalence of poor sleep quality is 51.43%. Various factors such as shift work, mental health, injuries and pain, and body mass index are associated with sleep health in firefighters.
Article
Biology
Kevin L. L. Withrow, Daniela A. A. Rubin, J. Jay Dawes, Robin M. M. Orr, Scott K. K. Lynn, Robert G. G. Lockie
Summary: This study examined the relationship between the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) and a 6.44-km tactical foot march (TFM) in ROTC cadets. The results showed that ACFT total score, leg tuck, 2-mile run, and sprint-drag-carry were associated with TFM performance. Aerobic and anaerobic capacity, as well as upper body/trunk strength, were identified as important fitness components for cadet TFM performance.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Simone D. O'Shea, Rod Pope, Katharine Freire, Robin Orr, Naomi Gallagher Maj
Summary: Genitourinary infections are common among female military personnel and may impact their occupational health and performance. Therefore, organization-wide prevention and management approaches are important for reducing the impact on personnel, units, and mission objectives.
NEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS
(2023)
Review
Nursing
Kate Freire, Rod Pope, Isabella Size, Kristen Andrews, Emma Fitz-Gerald, Tricia Bowman
Summary: Exercise interventions with social participatory elements have shown short-term improvements in physical outcomes, particularly motor skills, for children with complex developmental needs. However, there is limited research on the impacts of these interventions on social, psychological, and executive function outcomes. Most studies included in this review were of moderate to low methodological quality. Further rigorous and longitudinal research is needed to assess the overall effectiveness and long-term effects of social exercise interventions in this population.
JOURNAL OF CHILD HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Colin D. Tomes, Elisa F. D. Canetti, Ben Schram, Robin Orr
Summary: This study examined the impact of stress on candidate attrition in police tactical group selection courses through measuring heart rate variability. The results showed that candidates with higher heart rate variability were more likely to withdraw from the course.
Article
Sport Sciences
Robin M. Orr, Robert Lockie, Anssi Saari, Tommi Paavola, Dagmar Muhlbauer, Jay Dawes
Summary: Search and rescue personnel may need to carry external loads in unpredictable terrain, which can cause injuries and hinder task performance. Ensuring physical capability to carry external loads is crucial to mitigate risks and optimize mission success.
STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kate Freire, Simone O'Shea, Rod Pope, Rob Orr
Summary: This study aimed to explore the impacts of pelvic health issues on Australian Defence Force servicewomen and how they manage their pelvic health in occupational settings. The results suggest that workplace culture, limited insight into pelvic health norms, and lack of support strategies have led servicewomen to self-manage pelvic health issues, significantly impacting their health and well-being.
Review
Rehabilitation
Ryan L. McGrath, Sophie Shephard, Tracey Parnell, Sarah Verdon, Rodney Pope
Summary: Through a systematic literature review, this study mapped the recommended approaches for physiotherapists in assessing and managing clients experiencing psychological distress. The majority of recommendations focused on identifying, assessing, and managing pain-related distress, with some attention given to depression screening and referral.
PHYSIOTHERAPY THEORY AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Whitney Tramel, Ben Schram, Elisa Canetti, Robin Orr
Summary: This review focuses on the subjective and objective measures used to evaluate physiological stress in tactical occupations. After screening and evaluation, 42 studies were included. Common objective measures include heart rate, cortisol, and body temperature, while subjective measures include perceived exertion ratings and the Self Trait Anxiety Inventory. These measures can be used to monitor the stressors faced by tactical personnel during training.
