Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mohamad Hizami Mohamad Nor, Nurainina Ayob, Norfilza M. Mokhtar, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Geok Chin Tan, Zhiqin Wong, Nor Hamizah Shafiee, Yin Ping Wong, Muaatamarulain Mustangin, Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi
Summary: The use of probiotics did not lead to significant clinical improvement in NAFLD patients in terms of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis levels, but at the microenvironment level, probiotics seemed to stabilize mucosal immune function and protect patients against increased intestinal permeability. Further studies with larger sample sizes and different probiotic strains are needed to evaluate the true benefit of probiotics in NAFLD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nurainina Ayob, Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi, Mohamad Hizami Mohamad Nor, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Hajar Fauzan Ahmad, Seok Fang Oon, Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar
Summary: The global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, and the role of the gut-liver axis (GLA) in NAFLD pathophysiology is becoming more apparent. In this study, we focused on the small intestinal area to investigate the effect of multi-strain probiotics on the gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines, and permeability in NAFLD patients. After six months of supplementation, the probiotics group showed significant changes in microbiota composition and a decrease in certain unclassifiable species. Inflammatory cytokines were also affected, with a decrease in IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha but an increase in IL-6.
Review
Immunology
Zilu Cheng, Ling Yang, Huikuan Chu
Summary: This article summarizes the important role of the intestinal microbiota in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Studies have shown that changes in the intestinal microbiota contribute to the onset and progression of AIH and are associated with various immune and metabolic pathways. Restoring the composition of the intestinal microbiota through methods such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as well as targeting intestinal microbiota-associated signaling pathways, may provide new insights into the treatment of AIH patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica Varesi, Lucrezia Irene Maria Campagnoli, Foroogh Fahmideh, Elisa Pierella, Marcello Romeo, Giovanni Ricevuti, Marchesi Nicoletta, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Alessia Pascale
Summary: The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota and the Central Nervous System has a significant impact on brain function and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Several studies have explored the role of dysbiosis and intestinal permeability in the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease, but the therapeutic applications of GM modifying approaches need further elucidation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Zhiqian Bi, Jia Chen, Xiaoyao Chang, Dangran Li, Yingying Yao, Fangfang Cai, Huangru Xu, Jian Cheng, Zichun Hua, Hongqin Zhuang
Summary: Due to the increasing incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) worldwide, the search for effective and safe treatments for IBD is urgent. This study focused on the therapeutic potential of the slow-releasing H2S donor ADT-OH in the treatment of DSS-induced colitis. The results showed that ADT-OH effectively reduced colitis symptoms, reversed inflammation-induced colon shortening, and restored intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. ADT-OH could be a potential alternative therapeutic agent for IBD treatment.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mijra Koning, Hilde Herrema, Max Nieuwdorp, Abraham S. Meijnikman
Summary: Humans have a diverse gut microbiome, consisting of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea. Patients with NAFLD have an altered gut microbiome and compromised gut barrier function. Preclinical studies suggest that adjusting the gut microbiome could be a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD. This overview summarizes the current information on both untargeted techniques (such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation) and targeted microbiome-focused therapies (including engineered bacteria, prebiotics, postbiotics, and phages) for the treatment of NAFLD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hongxuan Li, Shasha Cheng, Jiacheng Huo, Kai Dong, Yixin Ding, Chaoxin Man, Yu Zhang, Yujun Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the ameliorative effect of pre-intake of Lactobacillus plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced liver inflammation. The results showed that L. plantarum J26 reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content in the intestine, maintained the intestinal barrier, inhibited the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, and alleviated liver inflammation.
Article
Microbiology
Haripriya Gupta, Sung Hun Kim, Seul Ki Kim, Sang Hak Han, Hak Cheol Kwon, Ki Tae Suk
Summary: This study investigated the effects of probiotic treatment on alcoholic hepatitis patients by restoring gut microbial balance. The results showed that probiotics improved liver function, decreased lipopolysaccharide levels, and modulated the composition of gut microbiota.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuelong Li, Ying Liu, Xiaofei Guo, Yan Ma, Huaqi Zhang, Hui Liang
Summary: Supplementation of Lactobacillus casei can improve lipid metabolism and regulate intestinal flora disorders in patients with alcoholic liver injury.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Antonio Picarelli, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rapidly increasing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Recent research suggests that factors such as genetics, environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in its development, but the underlying causes are unclear. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, particularly a decrease in specific genera, has been identified as a possible trigger for IBD. Improving gut microbiota and identifying specific bacterial species are crucial for understanding and treating IBD and autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malgorzata Anna Marc, Rafal Jastrzab, Jennifer Mytych
Summary: This article summarizes the latest knowledge on the correlation between gut microbiota dysbiosis and neurodegenerative and brain-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. It emphasizes the importance of gut-derived metabolites and gut metabolic status as key factors in gut-brain crosstalk and their impact on the severity of neural conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Maria Kocot, Elzbieta Jarocka-Cyrta, Natalia Drabinska
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of biotics in maintaining the intestinal barrier function. The potential outcomes from in vitro and animal studies are presented, highlighting the need for further well-designed randomized clinical trials. The mechanisms by which biotics regulate intestinal barrier function should be further studied.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Sang Jun Yoon, Jeong Seok Yu, Byeong Hyun Min, Haripriya Gupta, Sung-Min Won, Hee Jin Park, Sang Hak Han, Byung-Yong Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim, Byoung Kook Kim, Hyun Chae Joung, Tae-Sik Park, Young Lim Ham, Do Yup Lee, Ki Tae Suk
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium longum on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathology and explored the molecular mechanisms. The results showed that the treatment with Bifidobacterium improved liver histology and function, gut barrier function, gut microbiome composition, and metabolite levels. Furthermore, gene expression related to lipid and glucose metabolism and the immune response were regulated by the treatment, indicating a coordinated effect on NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Verena Habermaass, Daniela Olivero, Eleonora Gori, Chiara Mariti, Erika Longhi, Veronica Marchetti
Summary: This study evaluated the gut microbiota (GM) in dogs diagnosed with chronic hepatobiliary disease (CHD), particularly cholestatic CHD. The findings suggest that cholestasis is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota, with certain bacterial taxa being decreased and others increased. Clinicians should be aware of the gut-liver interaction leading to dysbiosis in dogs with CHD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaozhou Zeng, Zhihong Liu, Yanxi Dong, Jiamin Zhao, Bin Wang, Huiwen Xiao, Yuan Li, Zhiyuan Chen, Xiaojing Liu, Jia Liu, Jiali Dong, Saijun Fan, Ming Cui
Summary: Social hierarchy impacts the development of radiation-induced intestinal injuries through the modulation of gut microbiota. Altering the gut microecology can eliminate the differences in radiation-induced intestinal injuries. Screening suitable microbial preparations based on the gut microecology might be necessary in clinical application.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Antonio Tursi, Giammarco Mocci, Leonardo Allegretta, Giovanni Aragona, Maria Antonia Bianco, Raffaele Colucci, Antonio Cuomo, Nicola Della Valle, Antonio Ferronato, Giacomo Forti, Federica Gaiani, GianMarco Giorgetti, Maria Giovanna Graziani, Katia Lofano, Roberto Lorenzetti, Tiziana Larussa, Antonio Penna, Roberta Pica, Giuseppe Pranzo, Stefano Rodino', Antonella Scarcelli, Costantino Zampaletta, Gabrio Bassotti, Alessia Immacolata Cazzato, Stefania Chiri, Valeria Clemente, Andrea Cocco, Gianluigi de' Angelis, Laura Donnarumma, Roberto Faggiani, Camilla Graziosi, Marco Le Grazie, Francesco Luzza, Costantino Meucci, Rita Monterubbianesi, Cristiano Pagnini, Patrizia Perazzo, Marcello Picchio, Rodolfo Sacco, Ladislava Sebkova, Mariaelena Serio, Daniele Napolitano, Daniela Pugliese, Franco Scaldaferri, Elisa Schiavoni, Laura Turchini, Alessandro Armuzzi, Walter Elisei, Giovanni Maconi, Alfredo Papa
Summary: There is no significant difference in the efficacy and safety of different ADA biosimilars in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Nicola Aronico, Paola Ilaria Bianchi, Carmela Cinzia D'Agate, Matteo Neri, Umberto Volta, Maria Gloria Mumolo, Marco Astegiano, Antonino Salvatore Calabro, Fabiana Zingone, Giovanni Latella, Antonio Di Sario, Antonio Carroccio, Carolina Ciacci, Francesco Luzza, Carmela Bagnato, Massimo Claudio Fantini, Luca Elli, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Piero Portincasa, Mario Andrea Latorre, Clarissa Petrucci, Claudia Quatraccioni, Chiara Iannelli, Nicoletta Vecchione, Carlo Maria Rossi, Giacomo Broglio, Gianluca Ianiro, Ilaria Marsilio, Stefano Bibbo, Beatrice Marinoni, Donatella Tomaselli, Ludovico Abenavoli, Riccardo Pilia, Giovanni Santacroce, Erica Lynch, Antonella Carrieri, Pasquale Mansueto, Margherita Gabba, Giacomo Alunno, Chiara Rossi, Francesca Onnis, Konstantinos Efthymakis, Nicola Cesaro, Marta Vernero, Federica Baiano Svizzero, Francesco Paolo Semeraro, Marco Silano, Alessandro Vanoli, Catherine Klersy, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic delay in coeliac disease (CD) and identified patient-dependent and physician-dependent factors that contribute to the delay. It highlights the importance of implementing a proper screening strategy for CD.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Francesca De Vito, Evelina Suraci, Raffaella Marasco, Marta Letizia Hribal, Francesco Luzza, Giorgio Sesti
Summary: This study found that individuals with overweight and obesity have higher protein levels of SGLT-1, GLUT-2, and GLUT-5 in the duodenum compared to lean individuals. These protein levels are positively correlated with body weight, waist circumference, postprandial glucose, insulin levels, and insulin resistance. The results suggest that increased duodenal SGLT-1 and GLUT-5 abundance in overweight and obese individuals may contribute to higher postprandial glucose concentrations, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giammarco Mocci, Antonio Tursi, Giovanni Maconi, Giovanni Cataletti, Beatrice Mantia, Mariaelena Serio, Antonella Scarcelli, Cristiano Pagnini, Maria Giovanna Graziani, Maria Carla Di Paolo, Giuseppe Pranzo, Ileana Luppino, Pietro Paese, Walter Elisei, Rita Monterubbianesi, Roberto Faggiani, Antonio Ferronato, Barbara Perini, Edoardo Savarino, Francesca Maria Onidi, Laura Binaghi, Paolo Usai Satta, Elisa Schiavoni, Daniele Napolitano, Franco Scaldaferri, Daniela Pugliese, Roberta Pica, Andrea Cocco, Maddalena Zippi, Stefano Rodino, Ladislava Sebkova, Giulia Rocco, Carlotta Sacchi, Costantino Zampaletta, Federica Gaiani, Gianluigi De Angelis, Stefano Kayali, Libera Fanigliulo, Roberto Lorenzetti, Leonardo Allegretta, Stefano Scorza, Antonio Cuomo, Laura Donnarumma, Nicola Della Valle, Rodolfo Sacco, Giacomo Forti, Elisabetta Antonelli, Gabrio Bassotti, Chiara Iannelli, Francesco Luzza, Giovanni Aragona, Patrizia Perazzo, Angelo Lauria, Simona Piergallini, Raffaele Colucci, Maria Antonia Bianco, Costantino Meucci, Gianmarco Giorgetti, Valeria Clemente, Serafina Fiorella, Antonio Penna, Antonio De Medici, Marcello Picchio, Alfredo Papa
Summary: This study assessed the differences in using Vedolizumab (VDZ) to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The results showed that at the 6th month of treatment, the clinical remission rate was 62.9% in UC patients and 74.4% in CD patients, while during the follow-up, there was no difference in clinical remission rate between the two groups. UC patients had a better clinical response to VDZ, but CD patients had a higher rate of surgery.
EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marialaura Scarcella, Emidio Scarpellini, Sara Piergallini, Emanuele Rinninella, Karen Routhiaux, Carlo Rasetti, Ludovico Abenavoli, Edoardo De Robertis, Pietro Manzi, Rita Commissari, Riccardo Monti, Michela Zanetti
Summary: In this study, we found that immune-nutrition (IN) can prevent malnutrition and decrease inflammatory markers in overweight patients with COVID-19 during the fourth wave of the pandemic in 2021.
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ludovico Abenavoli, Giuseppe La Torre, Natasa Milic
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ludovico Abenavoli, Emidio Scarpellini, Maria Rosaria Paravati, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Luigi Boccuto, Bruno Tilocca, Paola Roncada, Francesco Luzza
Summary: Critically ill patients often experience a hyper-inflammatory response, which can cause severe damage to tissues and organs. It has been found that this harmful inflammatory cascade can be traced back to imbalances in the gut microbiota. Understanding the dysfunction and pathophysiology of the gut microbiota in critical patients is crucial for managing the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Various studies have shown that probiotics and immunonutrition can help attenuate systemic inflammation in critically ill patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Basilico, Marialaura Scarcella, Emanuele Rinninella, Nena Giostra, Stefano Marcelli, Carlo Rasetti, Jan Tack, Ludovico Abenavoli, Emidio Scarpellini
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of a standardized oral immuno-nutrition formula on COVID-19 patients. The findings showed that immuno-nutrition therapy can lower the levels of inflammatory markers, prevent the deterioration of BMI and phase angle, and prevent the development of malnutrition in overweight COVID-19 patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludovico Abenavoli, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Maria Rosaria Paravati, Luigi Boccuto, Francesco Luzza, Emidio Scarpellini
Summary: Liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with certain liver conditions, but rejection after transplantation is a significant issue. The gut microbiota is involved in the gut-liver axis and can affect the immune response, potentially leading to graft rejection. Evaluating changes in the gut microbiota composition is essential for monitoring the success of liver transplantation and implementing appropriate preventive measures.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniele Balducci, Michele Montori, Federico De Blasio, Alessandro Di Bucchianico, Maria Eva Argenziano, Gianluca Svegliati Baroni, Emidio Scarpellini
Summary: Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is highly prevalent, with its incidence influenced by the rising prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Treatment for HCC involves surgical and nonsurgical approaches, potentially bridged by the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). The safety and effectiveness of TIPS placement in HCC patients have been evaluated, showing high success rates and low complication rates in several studies.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Montori, Gialuca Svegliati Baroni, Pierangelo Santori, Catia Di Giampaolo, Francesca Ponziani, Ludovico Abenavoli, Emidio Scarpellini
Summary: COVID-19 pandemic waves have led to pulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms, including acute liver damage. Acute liver damage is common in COVID-19 patients and is generally self-limiting. However, patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease, such as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), have a less favorable prognosis. Early recognition, monitoring, and treatment of liver damage are crucial. Recognition of acute hepatic decompensation due to the virus and/or drugs used for COVID-19 treatment is essential in the ongoing pandemic.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ludovico Abenavoli, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Emidio Scarpellini, Luigi Boccuto, Rocco Spagnuolo, Bruno Tilocca, Paola Roncada, Francesco Luzza
Summary: Metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a newly named condition that links non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with metabolic dysfunction. Its diagnosis is still debated and is generally associated with steatosis and at least one pathological condition among overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic dysregulation. The pathogenesis of MAFLD involves changes in the gut microbiota, which has also been investigated in other diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and NAFLD. However, only a few studies have specifically correlated gut dysbiosis with MAFLD.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Matteo Vitali, Stefano Marasco, Tatsiana Romenskaya, Angela Elia, Yaroslava Longhitano, Christian Zanza, Ludovico Abenavoli, Emidio Scarpellini, Alessandro Bertuccio, Andrea Barbanera
Summary: Traumatic brain injury is a severe pathology with significant social and economic concerns. Decompressive craniectomy is a life-saving surgical option for treating elevated intracranial hypertension. This narrative review summarizes the literature and discusses key issues related to indication, timing, surgical procedure, outcome, and complications in adult patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ludovico Abenavoli, Rocco Spagnuolo, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Emidio Scarpellini, Luigi Boccuto, Francesco Luzza
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using ultrasound examination. The results showed that the prevalence of NAFLD in IBD patients was 23%, with higher values of age, body mass index, waist circumference, disease duration, and age at onset observed in NAFLD patients. Additionally, NAFLD patients also exhibited a higher percentage of hypertension and metabolic comorbidities.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
