Article
Ophthalmology
Katrina L. Schmid, Kate L. Gifford, David A. Atchison
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of multifocal soft contact lenses on visual quality, accommodation, and vergence in young adult myopes. The results showed that the two aspheric designs had a greater impact on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and accommodation response compared to the concentric design.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gema Corpus, David P. Pinero
Summary: This study characterizes the optical and visual changes in the short-term wear of a hydrophilic contact lens based on extended focus technology. It finds that the lens improves visual acuity and quality but also leads to increased ocular aberrations and a trend of reduced accommodation lag.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nicola S. Logan, Hema Radhakrishnan, Fiona E. Cruickshank, Peter M. Allen, Praveen K. Bandela, Leon N. Davies, Satoshi Hasebe, Safal Khanal, Katrina L. Schmid, Fuensanta A. Vera-Diaz, James S. Wolffsohn
Summary: The role of accommodation in myopia development has been debated for decades, with recent studies focusing on the mechanisms involved in accommodation and the variations in ocular parameters. It has been found that convergence is synergistically linked with accommodation and may impact myopia development. Factors like retinal blur, spatial frequency, and near working distance are implicated in myopia progression, while further research is needed to explore the relationship between the ciliary body and changes in the choroid.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yuzhuo Fan, Lili Zuo, Jiahui Ma, Zisu Peng, Yan Li, Kai Wang, Mingwei Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the reasons for wasting orthokeratology lenses due to breakage or loss. It found that caregiver behavior, care practices, and unexpected situations were the main causes. Better clinical guidance and more frequent reminders could prevent a large proportion of abnormal waste of orthokeratology lenses.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yutong Song, Shenlin Zhu, Bi Yang, Xue Wang, Wei Ma, Guangjing Dong, Longqian Liu
Summary: The study found that children experienced exophoric shifts in distance and near vision after switching to ortho-k lenses, along with improvements in accommodative function, stereopsis, and ocular motility, as well as a decrease in the binocular horizontal vergence range.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shrilekha Vedhakrishnan, Maria Vinas, Clara Benedi-Garcia, Pilar Casado, Susana Marcos
Summary: A better understanding of visual performance with Multifocal Contact Lenses (MCLs) is important for both young eyes to control myopia progression and presbyopes to compensate for the lack of accommodation. This study evaluated the visual acuity of MCLs at different distances and found that MCLs improved near vision in both young adults and presbyopes, while maintaining far vision in young adults. Visual imbalance was also reduced with MCLs.
Article
Ophthalmology
Jason K. Lau, Kin Wan, Pauline Cho
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses for myopia control and the corneal changes with increased compression factor. The findings showed that ortho-k lenses with increased compression factor can effectively slow down the progression of myopia without compromising corneal health. Further research is needed to confirm the potential mechanism of an increased compression factor for improved myopia control effectiveness.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shyan-Tarng Chen, Hsiao-Ching Tung, Yan-Ting Chen, Chuen-Lin Tien, Chih-Wei Yeh, Jheng-Sin Lian, Ching-Ying Cheng
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different optical designs of contact lenses on binocular vision and visual behavior among young adults. The results showed that contact lenses can change the accommodation and vergence demands of the eyes and have a significant impact on binocular vision.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Chenglu Ding, Yunyun Chen, Xue Li, Yingying Huang, Hao Chen, Jinhua Bao
Summary: Increased higher-order aberrations and improved accommodative accuracy were observed during orthokeratology treatment, but began to regress after the cessation of orthokeratology. A significant positive correlation between improved accommodative accuracy and slowed axial elongation was only observed during the first 6 months of treatment.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pauline Kang, Vinod Maseedupally, Paul Gifford, Helen Swarbrick
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the changes in corneal refractive power (CRP) during orthokeratology (OK) along the principal corneal meridians. Results showed significant reductions in CRP at the central 4 mm of the cornea, while an increase in CRP was observed in the paracentral zone. The study suggests that peripheral defocus changes after OK may be greater than central corneal power reduction, and CPC power ratios could be used as an alternative method to estimate peripheral defocus.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Erin S. Tomiyama, David A. Berntsen, Kathryn Richdale
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of toric orthokeratology (TOK) and soft toric multifocal (STM) contact lenses on peripheral refraction in patients with astigmatism and myopia. The results showed that TOK induced greater myopic shift and astigmatism compared to STM, which may impact the efficacy of myopia management.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Kelsea V. Skidmore, Erin S. Tomiyama, Martin E. Rickert, Kathryn Richdale, Pete Kollbaum
Summary: This study evaluated the relative efficacy of peripheral defocus contact lenses (PDCLs) and orthokeratology (OK) in a real-world clinical population and compared the results with previous randomised controlled clinical trials. The study found no difference in annualised axial length growth between PDCL and OK. These results are consistent with those reported in randomised clinical trials. Therefore, further research is needed to understand the safety and efficacy of these myopia control treatments in the broader population.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jian Qin, Huiling Qing, Na Ji, Tianbin Lyu, Hui Ma, Menghai Shi, Shiao Yu, Conghui Ma, Aicun Fu
Summary: Unilateral orthokeratology lenses effectively reduced axial elongation in the more myopic eyes and reduced interocular AL differences in children with myopic anisometropia. The refractive state of the untreated eyes did not affect the axial elongation of the more myopic eye wearing the orthokeratology lens. In the untreated eyes, AL increased faster in the low myopia subgroup than in the emmetropia subgroup.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Li Li, Taichen Lai, Jing Zou, Linling Guo, Zhiming Lin, Jiawen Lin, Ying Xue
Summary: This study investigated the effects of an orthokeratology lens on tear film and tarsal glands, as well as myopia control in children with unilateral myopia, using an intelligent analysis model. The study found that tear film break-up times differed significantly in the treatment group, and there were also significant differences in the deformation coefficients of the meibomian glands. In contrast, the control group showed no significant differences.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jaume Paune, Silvia Fonts, Lina Rodriguez, Antonio Queiros
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of controlling the annual increase in axial length in myopic children based on different parameters, finding that a smaller back optic zone diameter and a smaller plus power ring diameter inside the pupil were more effective in slowing down the elongation of the eye. The results provide new insights for changing myopia treatment methods and designs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Katrina L. Schmid
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sven Jonuscheit, Andrew K. C. Lam, Katrina L. Schmid, John Flanagan, Raul Martin, David Troilo
Summary: The article discusses the challenges faced by optometry schools in early to mid 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights experiences from six universities in five countries on four continents, addressing strategies to minimize virus transmission risks and ensure safe clinical optometric teaching. The paper also looks at opportunities to enhance optometric education moving forward.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2021)
Review
Education & Educational Research
S. Backhouse, N. G. Chiavaroli, K. L. Schmid, T. McKenzie, A. L. Cochrane, G. Phillips, I. Jalbert
Summary: The study evaluated the written components of credentialing assessment for overseas-educated optometrists in Australia and New Zealand and found high reliability in multiple choice questions (MCQ) and short answer questions (SAQ) exams. A competency-based blueprint and standard setting exercise were used to ensure the validity of the exams, with the introduction of item response theory (Rasch) to calibrate exam difficulty resulting in consistently high reliability in the SAQ exam. Data from 12 exam administrations since 2014 showed a pass rate of 68.9% for the written exam, with 47.2% passing both MCQ and SAQ components on the first attempt.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Katrina L. Schmid, Simon Backhouse, Anthea L. Cochrane, Andrew Collins, Paul A. Constable, Isabelle Jalbert, Faran Sabeti
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nanyu Zhou, Katie Edwards, Luisa H. Colorado, Katrina L. Schmid
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical ocular marker most related to meibomian area loss and its associations with confocal microscopy imaging. The lid margin score was found to be most related to meibomian area loss, making it the best predictor of undiagnosed meibomian area loss.
Article
Ophthalmology
David A. Atchison, Thien Nguyen, Katrina L. Schmid, Archayeeta Rakshit, Alex S. Baldwin, Robert F. Hess
Summary: The purpose of this study was to simulate lens-induced and screen-induced aniseikonia and evaluate their effects on stereopsis. The results showed that the screen-based method was not always successful in simulating the effects of lens-induced aniseikonia on stereopsis. However, the computer-based method was reasonably successful in neutralizing refractive aniseikonia, especially for overall and x180 meridional aniseikonia.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Katrina L. Schmid, Kate L. Gifford, David A. Atchison
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of multifocal soft contact lenses on visual quality, accommodation, and vergence in young adult myopes. The results showed that the two aspheric designs had a greater impact on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and accommodation response compared to the concentric design.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Pradipta Bhattacharya, Katie Edwards, Katrina L. Schmid
Summary: This study aimed to develop automated cell identification and segmentation methods for morphometry of corneal epithelial cells using ImageJ software. Manual thresholding technique was reliable for identifying and segmenting intermediate cells, but less reliable for basal cells.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Dinesh Kaphle, Saulius R. Varnas, Katrina L. Schmid, Marwan Suheimat, Alexander Leube, David A. Atchison
Summary: This study aimed to compare the accommodative errors between emmetropes and myopes and investigate the effect of using different instruments and metrics. It was found that emmetropes had smaller lags of accommodation compared to myopes. There were significant differences between methods and instruments.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Sukanya Jaiswal, Isabelle Jalbert, Katrina Schmid, Natasha Tein, Sarah Wang, Blanka Golebiowski
Summary: This study describes the detrimental effects of wildfire smoke and air pollution on the ocular surface and proposes a mechanism for the pathophysiology of ocular surface damage. Current strategies to reduce human exposure to air pollutants and specific possible approaches to protect the ocular surface are discussed. Further research is suggested to understand the short and long-term implications of acute and chronic air pollution exposure on the ocular surface.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Dinesh Kaphle, Katrina L. Schmid, Marwan Suheimat, Scott A. Read, David A. Atchison
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral choroid thickness and eye length changes during accommodation. The results showed that eye length increased with accommodation, while the choroid thinned. The thinning of the choroid accounted for approximately 60% of the eye length increase.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Saulius R. Varnas, Dinesh Kaphle, Katrina L. Schmid, Marwan Suheimat, David A. Atchison
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of multifocal spectacle lenses on accommodative errors and whether this impact changes over time. The results showed that progressive addition lenses (PALs) can reduce accommodative lag, but the addition power needs to be tailored to the typical working distances of individuals. Furthermore, after one year of wear, the addition power needs to be increased by at least 0.50 D to maintain efficacy.
Article
Ophthalmology
Mark A. Bullimore, Samantha Sze -Yee Lee, Katrina L. Schmid, Jos J. Rozema, Nicolas Leveziel, Edward A. H. Mallen, Nina Jacobsen, Rafael Iribarren, Pavan K. Verkicharla, Jan Roelof Polling, Paul Chamberlain
Summary: Myopia can start and progress during childhood as well as during adulthood. This review aims to summarize the published data on myopia onset and progression in young adults aged 18 to 40, to characterize myopia in this age group, and to identify gaps in the current understanding.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jacqueline Ramke, Jennifer R. Evans, Esmael Habtamu, Nyawira Mwangi, Juan Carlos Silva, Bonnielin K. Swenor, Nathan Congdon, Hannah B. Faal, Allen Foster, David S. Friedman, Stephen Gichuhi, Jost B. Jonas, Peng T. Khaw, Fatima Kyari, Gudlavalleti V. S. Murthy, Ningli Wang, Tien Y. Wong, Richard Wormald, Mayinuer Yusufu, Hugh Taylor, Serge Resnikoff, Sheila K. West, Matthew J. Burton
Summary: Through the Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health exercise, key issues in improving eye health have been identified and specific challenges have been prioritised. This list can guide funders in investing in research and innovation in the field of eye health, and encourages collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to address these challenges.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Dinesh Kaphle, Katrina L. Schmid, Leon N. Davies, Marwan Suheimat, David A. Atchison
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether accommodation-induced changes in ciliary muscle dimensions differ between emmetropes and myopes, and to explore the effect of the image analysis method. The findings showed that myopes had longer and thicker ciliary muscles than emmetropes, and exhibited different patterns of changes during accommodation.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
