Article
Infectious Diseases
Bela Kocsis, Daniel Gulyas, Dora Szabo
Summary: Novel antimicrobial agents such as delafloxacin, finafloxacin, and zabofloxacin have been recently approved for clinical use, showing broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against various infections. Despite their efficacy, reports of delafloxacin resistance emphasize the importance of cautious antibiotic use.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Hisham Momattin, Anfal Y. Al-Ali, Khalid Eljaaly, Raghavendra Tirupathi, Mohamed Bilal Haradwala, Swetha Areti, Saad Alhumaid, Ali A. Rabaan, Abbas Al Mutair, Patricia Schlagenhauf
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging global threat, and healthcare professionals can counter it by promoting antibiotic stewardship and facilitating new drug development. There is a limited number of antibiotics against high priority organisms, prompting an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents directed against these organisms.
Review
Immunology
Sebastien Reig, Audrey Le Gouellec, Sophie Bleves
Summary: The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), poses a significant threat to global morbidity and mortality. Despite ongoing research, there is currently no validated efficacy of a new treatment. However, there are potential new solutions for P. aeruginosa infections that are actively being tested in humans and may be approved for use in the coming years.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zichen Wang, Manqi Xiang, Bingjie Huo, Jingxue Wang, Lina Yang, Wei Ma, Jianguang Qi, Yinglong Wang, Zhaoyou Zhu, Fanqing Meng
Summary: Using clean and natural energy from the environment for organic pollutant treatment is a sustainable solution. A novel ZnO/CQDs/PVDF pipe system with excellent piezoelectric properties was developed for efficient tetracycline (TC) degradation. The system achieved a removal rate of 95.17% of TC within 70 min and had low energy consumption compared to an ultrasonic system. LC-MS results and DFT calculations successfully predicted the degradation mechanisms of tetracycline molecules.
Review
Microbiology
Neha K. Prasad, Ian B. Seiple, Ryan T. Cirz, Oren S. Rosenberg
Summary: The World Health Organization warns that our current arsenal of antibiotics is not innovative enough to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. The lack of new antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action against these bacteria is concerning, with the last FDA-approved drug discovered nearly 60 years ago. A significant portion of antibiotic candidates initiated in the 2000s were discontinued, indicating a failure to translate scientific innovations into clinically beneficial treatments. This review aims to analyze the reasons for failure in clinical development of Gram-negative antibiotics to guide more successful future strategies.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Laura M. Hamill, Julia Bonnett, Megan F. Baxter, Melina Kreutz, Kerina J. Denny, Gerben Keijzers
Summary: Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in the emergency department can lead to poor outcomes. This study aimed to describe decision-making, confidence, and appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing in the ED. Results showed that over one-third of prescribing was guided by senior clinicians, with prescribers having high confidence regardless of seniority.
News Item
Medicine, General & Internal
Melissa Suran
Summary: This article discusses the recent WHO guideline which advises against using nonsugar sweeteners for weight loss or reducing the risk of noncommunicable diseases.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tat Ming Ng, Sean W. X. Ong, Audrey Y. X. Loo, Sock Hoon Tan, Hui Lin Tay, Min Yi Yap, David C. Lye, Tau Hong Lee, Barnaby E. Young
Summary: Antibiotic therapy did not improve clinical outcomes for COVID-19 pneumonia patients and more research is needed to diagnose bacterial co-infections in these patients, as indicated by an observational cohort study in Singapore hospitals from January to April 2020.
Review
Biology
Christine Esposito, Martin Kamper, Jessica Trentacoste, Susan Galvin, Halie Pfister, Janice Wang
Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that primarily affects the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, and currently has no cure. This review discusses the mainstay treatments and anticipated therapeutics under development for cystic fibrosis, including mucociliary clearance, anti-inflammatory and anti-infective therapies, and genetic therapies.
Article
Biology
Andre Frainer, Raul Primicerio, Andrey Dolgov, Maria Fossheim, Edda Johannesen, Sigrid Lind, Michaela Aschan
Summary: With rising temperatures, motile species are redistributing to more suitable areas, increasing species richness in the Arctic. However, this trend may threaten Arctic species in the long run.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Lianting Hu, Huiying Liang, Long Lu
Summary: Splicing Learning proposes a method for completing few-shot learning tasks without the need for large homogeneous-annotated datasets, achieving good results in experiments by increasing sample size without false information in the spliced images.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Haoda Lu, Min Zang, Gabriel Pik Liang Marini, Xiangxue Wang, Yiping Jiao, Nianfei Ao, Kokhaur Ong, Xinmi Huo, Longjie Li, Eugene Yujun Xu, Wilson Wen Bin Goh, Weimiao Yu, Jun Xu
Summary: A novel pipeline for computerized spermatogenesis staging (CSS) is proposed to differentiate stages of mouse seminiferous epithelial cycle. The pipeline includes multiple models and features that can effectively distinguish different spermatogenic stages. It is significant for histologists' research and analysis of sperm development.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Klaudia Sapko, Anna Jamroz-Wisniewska, Konrad Rejdak
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of progressive MS (PMS) is complex and causes therapeutic difficulties. The efficacy of currently available anti-inflammatory drugs for PMS is limited in time. In search of innovative solutions, several research studies have evaluated the effectiveness of drugs with neuroprotective or remyelinating effects in PMS. This review discusses the compounds that have entered the clinical assessment phase and explores future prospects for successful PMS treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Md Ariful Islam, Zubair Akhtar, Md Zakiul Hassan, Sukanta Chowdhury, Md Mahbubur Rashid, Mohammad Abdul Aleem, Probir Kumar Ghosh, Syeda Mah-E-Muneer, Shahana Parveen, Md Kaousar Ahmmed, Md Shakil Ahmed, Ahamed Khairul Basher, Anik Palit, Md Abdullah Al Jubayer Biswas, Zobaid Khan, Khaleda Islam, Nitish Debnath, Mahmudur Rahman, Fahmida Chowdhury
Summary: The pattern of antibiotic dispensing in pharmacies in Bangladesh according to the WHO AWaRe classification needs strict regulation to mitigate antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Robotics
Weikun Guo, Wei Li, Ziye Hu, Zhongxue Gan
Summary: This work presents an instance grasping meta-learning framework (IGML) that can quickly teach robots to identify and grasp previously unseen objects. The experimental results show that IGML achieves high success rates in cluttered environments, surpassing state-of-the-art methods. The deployed IGML on a UR5 robot arm achieved a high precision rate and recall rate in pick-and-place scenarios.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2022)