Article
Rheumatology
Maja Skov Kragsnaes, Jens Kjeldsen, Hans Christian Horn, Heidi Lausten Munk, Jens Kristian Pedersen, Soren Andreas Just, Palle Ahlquist, Finn Moeller Pedersen, Maarten de Wit, Soren Moller, Vibeke Andersen, Karsten Kristiansen, Dorte Kinggaard Holm, Hanne Marie Holt, Robin Christensen, Torkell Ellingsen
Summary: Although no serious adverse events were observed, the preliminary results of the study indicate that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be inferior to sham treatment in treating psoriatic arthritis, with a higher treatment failure rate and less improvement in joint function observed in the FMT group.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nia Paddison Rees, Walaa Shaheen, Christopher Quince, Chris Tselepis, Richard D. Horniblow, Naveen Sharma, Andrew D. Beggs, Tariq H. Iqbal, Mohammed Nabil Quraishi
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify clinical, microbial, and metabolomic biomarkers in donors and recipients that predict the response to FMT in UC. The results suggest that distinct changes in gut microbiota profiles, along with specific baseline characteristics and microbial and metabolomic alterations, may predispose patients towards a successful therapeutic outcome.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David T. Rubin, Iris Dotan, Aaron DuVall, Yoram Bouhnik, Graham Radford-Smith, Peter D. R. Higgins, Daniel S. Mishkin, Pablo Arrisi, Astrid Scalori, Young S. Oh, Swati Tole, Akiko Chai, Kirsten Chamberlain-James, Stuart Lacey, Jacqueline McBride, Julian Panes
Summary: Etrolizumab showed superiority over placebo in inducing remission in HIBISCUS I, but not in HIBISCUS II. Etrolizumab was well tolerated in both studies.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shuji Ikegami, Masanao Nakamura, Takashi Honda, Takeshi Yamamura, Keiko Maeda, Tsunaki Sawada, Eri Ishikawa, Kenta Yamamoto, Satoshi Furune, Takuya Ishikawa, Kazuhiro Furukawa, Eizaburo Ohno, Masatoshi Ishigami, Fumie Kinoshita, Yoshihiro Kadota, Takumi Tochio, Yoshiharu Shimomura, Yoshiki Hirooka, Hiroki Kawashima
Summary: This pilot trial investigated the efficacy of administering 1-kestose to patients with active ulcerative colitis. The results showed that oral 1-kestose improved clinical symptoms and modulated the gut microbiome.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Craig Haifer, Laurence Don Wai Luu, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Thomas J. Borody, Rupert W. Leong, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
Summary: This study characterized the differences in gut microbiota between two FMT donors and found that donor microbiota stability and species evenness were associated with therapeutic efficacy in UC. These findings have important implications for improving FMT donor selection.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Severine Vermeire, Peter L. Lakatos, Timothy Ritter, Stephen Hanauer, Brian Bressler, Reena Khanna, Kim Isaacs, Saumin Shah, Alysha Kadva, Helen Tyrrell, Young S. Oh, Swati Tole, Akiko Chai, Jennifer Pulley, Christopher Eden, Wenhui Zhang, Brian G. Feagan
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of etrolizumab for maintenance of remission in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. The results showed no significant differences between maintenance etrolizumab and placebo in achieving remission at week 62 among patients with a clinical response at week 10. Etrolizumab was well tolerated in this population, with no new safety signals identified.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Lucrezia Laterza, Valentina Petito, Silvia Pecere, Gianluca Quaranta, Federica Del Chierico, Pierluigi Puca, Elisa Schiavoni, Daniele Napolitano, Andrea Poscia, Gianluca Ianiro, Daniela Pugliese, Lorenza Putignani, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Alessandro Armuzzi, Luca Masucci, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota, Franco Scaldaferri
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy for patients with cervical spondylosis. The results showed that patients who received exercise therapy had significantly better pain levels, functional recovery, and quality of life compared to those who received traditional treatment.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Craig Haifer, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Aiasha Saikal, Simon Ghaly, Tao Yang, Laurence Don Wai Luu, Thomas J. Borody, Rupert W. Leong
Summary: Oral administration of lyophilised FMT may be effective in treating active ulcerative colitis, demonstrating clinical, endoscopic, and histological efficacy with good tolerability during maintenance therapy.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengfan Luo, Qiaoyue Yuan, Mingzhen Liu, Xingye Song, Yingjie Xu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoqun Zeng, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan, Yuxing Guo
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel astaxanthin nanoparticle using gum arabic (GA) and whey protein powder enriched with milk fat globule membranes (MFGM-WPI) as carriers and investigated its effect and alleviation mechanism on colitis in mice. Results showed that MFGM-GA-astaxanthin effectively improved bioaccessibility of astaxanthin, reduced oxidative stress, alleviated colitis symptoms, repaired intestinal barrier function, and restored abnormalities of gut flora. This study provides a promising therapeutic approach for colon diseases using astaxanthin nanoparticles.
Review
Ecology
Rachel S. Fitzgerald, Ian R. Sanderson, Marcus J. Claesson
Summary: Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the digestive tract, with increasing global incidence. Genetics, environment, and microbiota are believed to contribute to the development of the disease. Studies have found significant differences in the microbiome of paediatric IBD patients compared to healthy children, with changes in response to treatments and disease severity. Further research into biome differences in paediatric IBD patients may enhance our understanding of the disease's etiology.
Article
Pediatrics
A. Monleon-Getino, G. Pujol-Muncunill, J. Mendez Viera, L. Alvarez Carnero, W. Sanseverino, A. Paytuvi-Gallart, J. Martin de Carpi
Summary: This study aimed to determine the feasibility of metagenomic analysis as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for IBD in pediatric patients. The study found differential microbial biodiversity between IBD patients and the control group and identified potential markers for IBD.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dorte Melgaard, Jeanette Sorensen, Johannes Riis, Tine S. Ovesen, Peter Leutscher, Suzette Sorensen, Julie K. Knudsen, Caspar Bundgaard-Nielsen, Jeanette Ejstrup, Ann-Maria Jensen, Mette Borre, Anne L. Krarup
Summary: This study aimed to test the feasibility of eliminating and subsequently reintroducing FODMAPs in patients with IBS symptoms. Eliminating low FODMAP diet for two weeks resulted in significant decreases in pain and bloating scores, which returned to baseline levels after double-blinded provocations.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chen Sarbagili Shabat, Franco Scaldaferri, Eran Zittan, Ayal Hirsch, Maria Chiara Mentella, Tania Musca, Nathaniel Aviv Cohen, Yulia Ron, Naomi Fliss Isakov, Jorge Pfeffer, Michal Yaakov, Caterina Fanali, Laura Turchini, Luca Masucci, Gianluca Quaranta, Nitzan Kolonimos, Anastasia Godneva, Adina Weinberger, Uri Kopylov, Arie Levine, Nitsan Maharshak
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of novel diets and fecal transplantation on the remission rate of refractory ulcerative colitis. The results suggest that using the UC Exclusion Diet alone may be more effective in achieving clinical remission and mucosal healing compared to single donor FT or no donor diet.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiren Yang, Yuwei Zhang, Jiangping Song, Yaqian Li, Liuyang Zhou, Hongtao Xu, Kaizhang Wu, Jie Gao, Mouming Zhao, Yang Zheng
Summary: This study found that polysaccharides from bergamot (BP) can alleviate colitis symptoms by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism. The results showed that BP can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids and L-phenylalanine, and reduce inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zewen Mei, Xingxi Huang, Heng Zhang, Danyi Cheng, Xin Xu, Mingyue Fang, Jutuan Hu, Yangyang Liu, Yunxiang Liang, Yuxia Mei
Summary: Chitin derivatives have a therapeutic effect in ulcerative colitis mice model by relieving inflammation symptoms, protecting the colon, and increasing the abundance of gut microbiota and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jill Quirt, Christina Belza, Nikhil Pai, Rose-Frances Clause, Filip Markovic, Sylvia Wong-Sterling, Yaron Avitzur, Paul W. Wales
Summary: This retrospective cohort study of 20 pediatric patients with intestinal failure (IF) found that 4% tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution was effective in reducing central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and line occlusions. Data showed no infections in the 12 months post-therapy and a significant decrease in occlusive episodes after starting EDTA therapy. These preliminary findings suggest the efficacy of 4% tetrasodium EDTA in reducing CLABSIs and catheter occlusions in pediatric patients with long-term central-access.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Julie-Anne Lemay, Mai Yamamoto, Zachary Kroezen, Meera Shanmuganathan, Ritchie Ly, Lara Hart, Nikhil Pai, Philip Britz-McKibbin
Summary: In this study, two validated methods were introduced for accurate determination of SCFAs and electrolytes from fecal extracts of pediatric patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Good technical precision and accuracy were demonstrated for SCFAs and electrolytes using low micromolar detection limits with the CE-iUV technique.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
David Avelar Rodriguez, Jelena Popov, Elyanne M. Ratcliffe, Erick Manuel Toro Monjaraz
Summary: Functional constipation is a common condition in childhood that continues to persist in a significant number of children despite conventional management. The refractory and chronic nature of constipation emphasizes the importance of considering various pathophysiological mechanisms, including the potential role of the gut microbiome.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Lee Hill, Jelena Popov, Melanie Figueiredo, Valentina Caputi, Emily Hartung, Michal Moshkovich, Nikhil Pai
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of gut microbiota on childhood neuropathologies, including neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases. Through a comprehensive literature review, the effectiveness of microbiota-based therapies and dietary interventions will be discussed.
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nikhil Pai, Jelena Popov, Lee Hill, Emily Hartung, Kelly Grzywacz, Paul Moayyedi
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mai Yamamoto, Meera Shanmuganathan, Lara Hart, Nikhil Pai, Philip Britz-McKibbin
Summary: Rates of pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are increasing globally. Differentiation based on urinary metabolic signatures can effectively distinguish between CD and UC, which is important for the diagnosis and early management of IBD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jelena Popov, Valentina Caputi, Nandini Nandeesha, David Avelar Rodriguez, Nikhil Pai
Summary: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the colonic mucosa. Its etiology remains unclear, but a combination of genetic and environmental factors is suspected. Research has focused on the role of intestinal dysbiosis in UC pathogenesis, and the potential for modulating intestinal inflammation through microbial-targeted therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maribeth R. Nicholson, Erin Alexander, Sonia Ballal, Zev Davidovics, Michael Docktor, Michael Dole, Jonathan M. Gisser, Alka Goyal, Suchitra K. Hourigan, M. Kyle Jensen, Jess L. Kaplan, Richard Kellermayer, Judith R. Kelsen, Melissa A. Kennedy, Sahil Khanna, Elizabeth D. Knackstedt, Jennifer Lentine, Jeffery D. Lewis, Sonia Michail, Paul D. Mitchell, Maria Oliva-Hemker, Tiffany Patton, Karen Queliza, Sarah Sidhu, Aliza B. Solomon, David L. Suskind, Madison Weatherly, Steven Werlin, Edwin F. de Zoeten, Stacy A. Kahn
Summary: The efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) does not differ in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Key factors for a successful outcome include receiving FMT with fresh stool, absence of diarrhea prior to FMT, and a shorter time from rCDI diagnosis to FMT. Children with a failed FMT are more likely to have clinically active IBD and require hospitalization.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lara Hart, Charlotte M. Verburgt, Eytan Wine, Mary Zachos, Alisha Poppen, Mallory Chavannes, Johan Van Limbergen, Nikhil Pai
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Nutritional therapy plays an important role in the treatment of IBD due to its influence on the gut microbiome and its safety profile. The increasing incidence of IBD worldwide may be attributed to changes in dietary patterns.
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Lee Hill, Ruchika Sharma, Lara Hart, Jelena Popov, Michal Moshkovich, Nikhil Pai
Summary: The neonatal microbiome provides a valuable model for studying the origins of human health and disease, with advances in metagenomics enhancing our understanding of early life influences. This review discusses common techniques for defining and measuring the microbiome, as well as factors influencing its development. Additionally, it summarizes current evidence linking early life microbial impacts to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, obesity, and atopy.
JOURNAL OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
James M. Collins, Valentina Caputi, Sarmauli Manurung, Gabriele Gross, Patrick Fitzgerald, Anna V. Golubeva, Jelena Popov, Clara Deady, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan, Siobhim M. O'Mahony
Summary: The study found that dietary supplementation with MFGM from birth can alleviate visceral hypersensitivity caused by maternal separation, highlighting its potential therapeutic value in visceral pain-associated disorders. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanistic role of this supplementation in MS-induced visceral pain.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Timothy Sentongo, Desiree Sierra Velez, Phuong Huynh, Ruba Abdelhadi, Alvin Chan, Praveen Goday, Sara Karjoo, Sivan Kinberg, Russell Merritt, Nikhil Pai, Ruben E. Quiros-Tejeira, Debora Duro
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nikhil Pai, Jelena Popov, Emily Hartung, Lee Hill, Lehana Thabane, Christine Lee, Michael Surette, David Godin, Sainte Justine Grzywacz, Paul Moayyedi
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jelena Popov, Yasamin Farbod, Usha Chauhan, Mona Kalantar, Lee Hill, David Armstrong, Smita Halder, John K. Marshall, Paul Moayyedi, Sharon Kaasalainen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a significant impact on patients' quality of life and imposes burdens in psychological, social, and financial aspects. Improved communication between patients and healthcare providers, family-based education approaches, individualized psychotherapy, awareness programs for stakeholders, and patient involvement in community support groups may enhance overall care for IBD patients.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)