Article
Biology
Irina Ignatova, Roman Frolov, Soile Nymark
Summary: Recent studies have found voltage-activated Na+ channels in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which are important for the phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments and maintaining retinal homeostasis.
Article
Neurosciences
Wei Wu, Hang Yao, Priscilla D. Negraes, Juan Wang, Cleber A. Trujillo, Janaina S. de Souza, Alysson R. Muotri, Gabriel G. Haddad
Summary: This study investigated the cellular electrophysiological basis for hyper-excitability in CDKL5-deficiency disorder (CDD) patients using a brain organoid model. The study found increased intrinsic neuronal excitability and dysfunction of voltage-gated ion channels in CDD neurons, suggesting a critical role of intrinsic neuronal hyperexcitability and ion channel dysfunction in early brain development in CDD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Robert F. Halliwell, Hamed Salmanzadeh, Leanne Coyne, William S. Cao
Summary: Human stem cell-derived neurons, such as the commercial human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-derived neuron line studied in this research, exhibit molecular properties similar to native neurons and show potential value in drug discovery and development. The study also reveals a decrease in spiking activity after the first week of neuron culture, attributed to the maturation of inhibitory GABAergic neuron circuits.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fiona O'Brien, Claire H. Feetham, Caroline A. Staunton, Kathryn Hext, Richard Barrett-Jolley
Summary: The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V Member 4 (Trpv4) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus plays an important role in temperature sensitivity of PVN neurons, affecting their activity frequency. At physiological temperatures, the activity frequency of PVN neurons is primarily regulated by Trpm2 channels, while at room temperature, it is mainly regulated by reduced Trpv4 activity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Bukanova, Elena Solntseva, Rodion Kondratenko, Eva Kudova
Summary: Epi is a positive modulator of GABA-induced chloride current (I-GABA) with an EC50 of 5.7 μM in Purkinje cells and 9.3 μM in hippocampal neurons. The potentiation of I-GABA by Epi is more pronounced at low GABA concentrations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuditta Gambino, Daniele Gallo, Ana Covelo, Giuseppe Ferraro, Pierangelo Sardo, Giuseppe Giglia
Summary: This study investigated the involvement of TRPV1 in nitric oxide-mediated influence on hippocampal processes. The findings suggest that TRPV1 channels can be activated to modulate excitatory neurotransmission in the hippocampus, and this effect is linked to nitric oxide production.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun Ji, Wenjiao Shi, Jie Yang, Bingjie Ma, Tian Jin, Bingbing Cao, Xianguo Liu, Ke Ma
Summary: Increased sympathetic nerve excitability exacerbates chronic pain conditions, with norepinephrine (NE) acting on alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptors in DRG neurons to modulate pain signaling.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
D. Iezzi, L. Curti, G. Ranieri, E. Gerace, A. Costa, A. Ilari, A. La Rocca, C. Luceri, M. D'Ambrosio, L. Silvestri, M. Scardigli, G. Mannaioni, A. Masi
Summary: This study found that the use of mTOR inhibitors can improve social deficits and revert abnormal excitability in an autism spectrum disorder experimental model. However, it cannot repair synaptic transmission and neuronal morphology issues. Prenatal exposure to valproic acid leads to extensive gene deregulation, which can be partially reversed by postnatal rapamycin treatment.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Audrey Franceschi Biagioni, Giada Cellot, Elisa Pati, Neus Lozano, Belen Ballesteros, Raffaele Casani, Norberto Cysne Coimbra, Kostas Kostarelos, Laura Ballerini
Summary: Engineered small graphene oxide (s-GO) sheets have been shown to reversibly down-regulate glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus, indicating their potential to target specific synapses in vivo. Synapses, acting as functional interfaces among neurons in the Central Nervous System (CNS), play a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, which is essential for learning and memory. Dysfunctional synaptic plasticity has been implicated in various brain diseases, such as dementia and anxiety disorders, highlighting the importance of understanding these mechanisms for potential therapeutic interventions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milica Gusic, Klaus Benndorf, Christian Sattler
Summary: Our study reveals that each occupied binding site contributes to channel activation in P2X7 receptors. While the occupation of a single binding site can activate the channels, three bound ligands maximally stabilize the open state, suggesting a stepwise activation process for P2X7 receptors.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Olga A. Sergeeva, Karolina Mazur, David Reiner-Link, Kiril Lutsenko, Helmut L. Haas, Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto, Holger Stark
Summary: Researchers have found that Nα-oleoylhistamine (OLHA) can modulate the activity of histaminergic (HA) neurons in mice. OLHA has different effects on HA neuron firing depending on its concentration. The excitatory and rise in intracellular calcium caused by OLHA are influenced by specific receptors and inhibitors, possibly related to fatty acid metabolism and the PKA pathway. PPAR-alpha and H3 receptors play important roles in this process.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Ian Delgadillo Bonequi, Abraham Stroschein, Lucas J. Koerner
Summary: This article describes a custom and open-source FPGA-based data acquisition system that is used for electrophysiology and closed-loop feedback experiments. The system combines FPGA acquisition and processing with high-speed analog and digital converters to enable real-time feedback. The digital approach simplifies experimental setup and repeatability by allowing for system identification and in situ tuning of filter bandwidths.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Magdalena Sanetra, Katarzyna Palus-Chramiec, Lukasz Chrobok, Marian Henryk Lewandowski
Summary: The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) plays a crucial role in regulating feeding behavior and metabolism, particularly in relation to circadian rhythmicity and energy homeostasis. This study exposed rats to short-term high-fat diet (HFD) and found that it disrupted the firing frequency of DMH cells, leading to abnormal daytime feeding and potentially contributing to the development of obesity. Additionally, the study identified distinct anatomical and functional subpopulations of DMH neurons, providing insight into the complex electrophysiological characteristics of this brain structure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Azat Gainutdinov, Elvira Juzekaeva, Marat Mukhtarov, Roustem Khazipov
Summary: Anoxic spreading depolarization (aSD) is a characteristic of cerebral cortex ischemic injury. In immature neurons, the behavior during aSD is complex, with initial moderate depolarization, transient repolarization, and terminal depolarization. Neurons mildly depolarized during aSD can still fire action potentials, and most immature neurons regain their functions during post-aSD transient repolarization. The developmental changes in neuronal function during aSD may contribute to lower susceptibility to ischemia in immature neurons.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juliane Obst, Hazel L. Hall-Roberts, Thomas B. Smith, Mira Kreuzer, Lorenza Magno, Elena Di Daniel, John B. Davis, Emma Mead
Summary: Human genetic studies have linked rare coding variants in microglial genes such as TREM2 and PLCG2 to Alzheimer's disease pathology. The role of PLC gamma 2 in regulating immune cell function, particularly in calcium release downstream of TREM2, was investigated using human iPSC-derived macrophages. Loss of PLC gamma 2 in these cells resulted in changes in macrophage surface markers and phenotype, reduced phagocytic activity and survival, as well as deficits in cellular adhesion and migration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Victoria Linehan, Todd M. Rowe, Michiru Hirasawa
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Chantalle Briggs, Sherri C. Bowes, Kazue Semba, Michiru Hirasawa
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
V. Linehan, J. Ramlackhansingh, A. Hartery, R. Gullipalli
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jessica L. Dobson, Andrew Fenwick, Victoria Linehan, Angus Hartery
Summary: The study analyzed feedback from preclinical medical students attending Radiology Interest Group (RIG) events, with 75% to 78% of students reporting positive experiences and 31% to 42% indicating increased interest and influence on career choice. Qualitative analysis revealed that interactive events, contribution to professional development, and mentorship were valued elements of a successful RIG. The organizing committee's careful planning, innovative events, and consistent debriefing embody these aspects and serve as a practical model for similar organizations.
CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF RADIOLOGISTS JOURNAL-JOURNAL DE L ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DES RADIOLOGISTES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Victoria Linehan, Maria Doyle, Brendan Barrett, Ravindra Gullipalli
VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Victoria Linehan, Lisa Z. Fang, Matthew P. Parsons, Michiru Hirasawa
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2020)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Victoria Linehan, Prayash Katlariwala, Baljot S. Chahal, Aline D. Khatchikian, Alanna Supersad, Jessica L. Dobson
Summary: A study conducted an online series for medical students to learn about Canadian radiology residency programs, with 15 out of 16 programs participating. The survey showed that 77% of students believed the series helped them prepare for CaRMS and ranking programs, with a significant increase in students considering radiology as a specialty.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Victoria Linehan, Jessica L. Dobson, Andrew Dalton, Nanette Hache, Ravindra Gullipalli
Summary: This case report demonstrates that prophylactic endovascular treatment can safely prevent rupture of unruptured RAA during pregnancy without disrupting the pregnancy.
ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Victoria Linehan, Maria Doyle, Brendan Barrett, Ravindra Gullipalli
Summary: This retrospective study compared the efficacy of drug coated balloons (DCBs) and bare metal stents (BMSs) in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions. The results showed no significant difference in the rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) between DCBs and BMSs. However, DCBs were more suitable for complicated lesions involving the popliteal arteries and may allow for easier endovascular reintervention.
JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Marshall Dunn, Victoria Linehan, Sharon E. Clarke, Valerie Keough, Ralph Nelson, Andreu F. Costa
Summary: This study provides external validation of the ccLS, finding overall high measures of diagnostic performance and interreader agreement, demonstrating its standardized approach to the noninvasive diagnosis of ccRCC by MRI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Richard J. Smith, Thurairajah Vijayaharan, Victoria Linehan, Zhuolu Sun, Jean Hai Ein Yong, Scott Harris, Hensley H. Mariathas, Rick Bhatia
Summary: Commonly used lung cancer screening risk thresholds (>= 1.51% and >= 2.00%) are more sensitive than the CTFPHC's 30-pack-years criterion for detecting lung cancer. A lower risk threshold would have a larger population impact in lung cancer screening but would require more resources. Patients with limited or no smoking history, young patients, and patients with no history of COPD may be missed regardless of the chosen model.
CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF RADIOLOGISTS JOURNAL-JOURNAL DE L ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DES RADIOLOGISTES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Victoria Linehan, Michiru Hirasawa
Summary: Orexin and MCH neurons display different activation patterns during fasting, with orexin neurons primarily functioning in the later stage of fasting to promote arousal and foraging behaviors, while MCH neurons are preferentially activated in the early stage of fasting to protect against weight loss. This alternating activation of these neuron groups may optimize energy balance during ongoing fasting.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
C. Woodworth, V Linehan, N. Hache, R. Bhatia, P. Bartlett
Summary: This article reflects on the challenges and lessons learned in implementing a new neurointerventional radiology programme in a small tertiary care center, focusing on resource advocacy, early involvement of key stakeholders, and timely programme introduction.
HONG KONG JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisa Z. Fang, Victoria Linehan, Maria Licursi, Christian O. Alberto, Jacob L. Power, Matthew P. Parsons, Michiru Hirasawa
Summary: Hypothalamic inflammation can exacerbate obesity and fatty liver by stimulating appetite-promoting neurons.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Victoria Linehan, Scott Harris, Rick Bhatia
Summary: There is a lack of organized lung cancer screening programs in Canada, with only a small percentage of eligible individuals being screened. Patients who undergo screening have better prognoses and are more likely to have cancer detected at an earlier stage compared to those who are not screened.
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY CARE AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)