Article
Immunology
Sheng-hong Du, Yu-jiao Xiang, Lu Liu, Mu Nie, Yu Hou, Ling Wang, Ban-ban Li, Miao Xu, Qing-liang Teng, Jun Peng, Ming Hou, Yan Shi
Summary: The immunoproteasome, particularly the upregulation of LMP2, may play a role in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Specific inhibition of LMP2 had no significant impact on platelet count in ITP mice, while a dual LMP2 and LMP7 inhibitor increased platelet number. These findings suggest that immunoproteasome inhibition could be a potential therapeutic approach for ITP patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Immunology
Leon Caly, Ashleigh F. Porter, Joanna Chua, James P. Collet, Julian D. Druce, Michael G. Catton, Sebastian Duchene
Summary: During a mouse plague in early 2021, a farmer from New South Wales, Australia, was diagnosed with locally acquired lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a divergent and geographically distinct strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus compared to other published sequences.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Benedikt Thelen, Vincent Schipperges, Paulina Knoerlein, Jonas F. Hummel, Frederic Arnold, Laurence Kupferschmid, Christoph S. N. Klose, Sebastian J. Arnold, Melanie Boerries, Yakup Tanriver
Summary: T-bet and Eomesodermin are T-box transcription factors that regulate type 1 immune responses in innate and adaptive lymphocytes. T-bet is the lineage-specifying transcription factor of Th1 CD4(+) T cells and controls the expression of IFN-gamma, while Eomes is less abundantly expressed and is found in CD4(+) T cells exposed to chronic antigen stimulation. A new genetic approach showed that Eomes drives a distinct transcriptional program in CD4(+) T cells that only partially overlaps with T-bet. Eomes(+) CD4(+) T cells induce the expression of IL-10 and promote a cytotoxic effector profile, suggesting that they are a unique CD4(+) T cell subset that limits inflammation and eliminates antigen-presenting and malignant cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark J. G. Bakkers, Alex Moon-Walker, Rasmus Herlo, Vesna Brusic, Sarah Hulsey Stubbs, Kathryn M. Hastie, Erica Ollmann Saphire, Tomas L. Kirchhausen, Sean P. J. Whelan
Summary: LCMV is a virus that enters cells by binding to different receptors and causes severe health problems. This study found that LCMV first binds to CD164 before entering cells, providing new targets for therapeutic interventions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jun Li, Shaobo Hu, Henry W. B. Johnson, Christopher J. Kirk, Peng Xian, Yanping Song, Yuan Li, Nan Liu, Marcus Groettrup, Michael Basler
Summary: This study demonstrates that co-inhibition of LMP7 and LMP2 effectively suppresses immune-mediated vascular allograft rejection and transplant arteriosclerosis. Inhibition of LMP7 and LMP2 reduces T-cell activation and function, decreases the number of immunoglobulin G-secreting cells and plasma cells, and decreases apoptosis of vascular wall cells. Thus, co-inhibition of LMP7 and LMP2 could be a promising therapeutic approach to suppress TA and allograft rejection.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Virology
Daniel Grupel, Yaniv Lustig, Tal Brosh-Nissimov
Summary: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is an often-overlooked virus that can have severe consequences. We present the first documented infection by LCMV in Israel, and the epidemiology of LCMV is evolving with the potential for a worldwide endemicity, highlighting the need for increased awareness and testing.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jamin Liu, Kristeene A. Knopp, Elze Rackaityte, Chung Yu Wang, Matthew T. Laurie, Sara Sunshine, Andreas S. Puschnik, Joseph L. DeRisi
Summary: This study identifies novel host factors associated with Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of human tissues, highlighting the importance of CD164 in viral entry and suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for congenital infection.
Article
Immunology
Shun Tanemoto, Tomohisa Sujino, Kentaro Miyamoto, Jonathan Moody, Yusuke Yoshimatsu, Yoshinari Ando, Ikuko Koya, Yosuke Harada, Anna Okuzawa Tojo, Keiko Ono, Yukie Hayashi, Kaoru Takabayashi, Koji Okabayashi, Toshiaki Teratani, Yohei Mikami, Nobuhiro Nakamoto, Naoki Hosoe, Haruhiko Ogata, Chung-Chau Hon, Jay W. Shin, Takanori Kanai
Summary: This study identified the presence of cytotoxic CD4(+)CD8(+) T cells in the human intestine, with a significantly reduced percentage in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jonathan Dyal, Shiv Gandhi, Caitlin M. Cossaboom, Austin Leach, Ketan Patel, Marjorie Golden, Joseph Canterino, Marie-Louise Landry, Debi Cannon, Mary Choi, Inna Krapiunaya, John D. Klena, Trevor Shoemaker
Summary: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is an underreported cause of miscarriage and neurologic disease. Surveillance remains challenging due to nonspecific symptomatology, inconsistent case reporting, and difficulties with diagnostic testing.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Marco Kunzli, Peter Reuther, Daniel D. Pinschewer, Carolyn G. King
Summary: The strength of TCR signal has different effects on the balance of Th1 and Tfh cells during acute versus persistent infection. Strong TCR signal favors Th1 generation during acute infection but hinders it during chronic infection. Weakly activated T cells show resistance to functional inactivation and display lower levels of markers associated with chronic T cell stimulation.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yuri Ushijima, Haruka Abe, Takehiro Ozeki, Georgelin N. Ondo, Marien J. V. M. Mbadinga, Rodrigue Bikangui, Chimene Nze-Nkogue, Etienne F. Akomo-Okoue, Ghislain W. E. Ella, Lilian B. M. Koumba, Branly C. B. B. Nso, Rodrigue Mintsa-Nguema, Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Boris K. Makanga, Fred L. M. Nguelet, Vahid R. Zadeh, Shuzo Urata, Armel V. N. Mbouna, Marguerite Massinga-Loembe, Selidji T. Agnandji, Bertrand Lell, Jiro Yasuda
Summary: The study revealed a seroprevalence of 21.5% for LCMV in Gabon, with higher rates in males and adults. Local rodents, shrews, and porcupines around semi-urban areas posed an infection risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tassnim Abdelwahab, David Stadler, Konrad Knoepper, Panagiota Arampatzi, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Wolfgang Kastenmueller, Rudolf Martini, Janos Groh
Summary: Myelin defects are a common cause of neurological dysfunction in various diseases and aging. Chronic neuroinflammation is often associated with axon-myelin damage, which can be caused by abnormal myelinating glia. In this study, the authors analyzed CD8+ T cells in myelin mutants and identified population heterogeneity and disease-associated changes using single-cell transcriptomics. They found that modulation of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor can attenuate T cell recruitment and neural damage, but targeting CNS-associated T cell populations later in the disease is inefficient. The study also provides evidence that axonal damage is driven by cytotoxic, antigen-specific CD8+ T cells targeting mutant myelinating oligodendrocytes.
Article
Immunology
Michael Basler, Marleen Christ, Heike Goebel, Marcus Groettrup
Summary: The study found that during LCMV infection, IP was upregulated in the liver but not in the spleen in mice lacking the IP subunit LMP7; however, the total proteasome content remained unchanged. Additionally, the expression of standard proteasome subunits was not induced in LMP7-deficient mice during viral infection.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth G. Phimister, Eric J. Rubin
Summary: This article explains the components and concepts of a study on therapeutic targeting of pancreatic cancer using engineered autologous T cells with specific targeting ability for cancer cells.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Peter Pankovics, Arnold Nagy, Zoltan Nyul, Annamaria Juhasz, Karoly Takats, Akos Boros, Gabor Reuter
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to detect lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) RNA in cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with unknown central nervous system infections in Hungary. Two LCMV cases were identified, belonging to different genetic lineages. This is the first publication of confirmed human LCMV infections in Hungary using molecular methods.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Steven T. Proulx, Britta Engelhardt
Summary: The central nervous system maintains a unique relationship with the immune system through brain barriers, allowing for immune surveillance and protection of neural tissue without activating immune responses unless direct injury occurs.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Florian Ingelfinger, Colin Sparano, David Bamert, David Reyes-Leiva, Aakriti Sethi, Lukas Rindlisbacher, Pascale Zwicky, Stefanie Kreutmair, Corinne C. Widmer, Sarah Mundt, Elena Cortes-Vicente, Sonia Tugues, Burkhard Becher, Bettina Schreiner
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the risks and immune dysfunction associated with azathioprine therapy. Using single-cell mass and spectral flow cytometry, the specific effects of azathioprine on the systemic immune signature were analyzed. Clinical features associated with therapy were analyzed in two independent cohorts of myasthenia gravis patients. The study highlights the risk of adverse events during azathioprine therapy and suggests that monitoring natural killer cells could be valuable in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jun Li, Nan Liu, Hong Zhou, Peng Xian, Yanping Song, Xianli Tang, Yuan Li, Michael Basler
Summary: This study found that immunoproteasome inhibition has a significant effect on suppressing the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The results showed that immunoproteasome inhibition prevents CRPC progression by suppressing inflammation and inducing apoptosis of CRPC cells through activating the unfolded protein response.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jun Li, Shaobo Hu, Henry W. B. Johnson, Christopher J. Kirk, Peng Xian, Yanping Song, Yuan Li, Nan Liu, Marcus Groettrup, Michael Basler
Summary: This study demonstrates that co-inhibition of LMP7 and LMP2 effectively suppresses immune-mediated vascular allograft rejection and transplant arteriosclerosis. Inhibition of LMP7 and LMP2 reduces T-cell activation and function, decreases the number of immunoglobulin G-secreting cells and plasma cells, and decreases apoptosis of vascular wall cells. Thus, co-inhibition of LMP7 and LMP2 could be a promising therapeutic approach to suppress TA and allograft rejection.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Vincent Baribeau, Christopher Kirk, Danny Q. Le, Arjun Bose, Ariel Mueller, Duncan French, Todd Sarge, Carl Langan-Evans, Reid Reale, Kadhiresan R. Murugappan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of rapid weight loss and gain on the success of combat-sport athletes. The results show that the amount of weight gained and the weight differential between opponents can influence the outcomes of matches, with a greater weight gain associated with a higher likelihood of victory.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Julia Koerner, Dennis Horvath, Franziska Oliveri, Jun Li, Michael Basler
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of immunoproteasome inhibition as a therapeutic option for hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma (PC). The results show that the immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX 0914 can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in PC, and reduce the immunosuppressive inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dennis Horvath, Michael Basler
Summary: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles are widely used and extensively studied drug delivery system with favorable properties such as good bioavailability, controlled release, and biodegradability. Loading immunomodulating drugs into PLGA particles can protect the compounds, direct the delivery, and ensure sustained and controlled release, making them an ideal platform for immunotherapy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Florian Ingelfinger, Michael Kramer, Mirjam Lutz, Corinne C. Widmer, Luca Piccoli, Stefanie Kreutmair, Tobias Wertheimer, Mark Woodhall, Patrick Waters, Federica Sallusto, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Sarah Mundt, Burkhard Becher, Bettina Schreiner
Summary: This study suggests that myasthenia gravis (MG) may be associated with hematologic malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is unclear whether the leukemic B cells are directly responsible for the autoimmune response in patients with MG and CLL. However, treatment with the anti-CD20 therapy obinutuzumab has shown potential in effectively treating AChR(+) MG.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Franziska Oliveri, Steffen Johannes Keller, Heike Goebel, Gerardo Omar Alvarez Salinas, Michael Basler
Summary: Ubiquitin-independent protein degradation via the 20S proteasome without the 19S regulatory particle has gained increasing attention. This study investigated the degradation of FAT10 by the 20S proteasome. It was found that FAT10 was rapidly degraded by purified 20S proteasomes in vitro due to its weak folding and N-terminally disordered tail. In cellulo experiments confirmed that the degradation of FAT10 strongly depended on functional 26S proteasome. Therefore, cautious interpretation is required when studying 20S proteasome function in vitro.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Myrto Andreadou, Florian Ingelfinger, Donatella De Feo, Teresa L. M. Cramer, Selma Tuzlak, Ekaterina Friebel, Bettina Schreiner, Pascale Eede, Shirin Schneeberger, Maria Geesdorf, Frederike Ridder, Christina A. Welsh, Laura Power, Daniel Kirschenbaum, Shiva K. Tyagarajan, Melanie Greter, Frank L. Heppner, Sarah Mundt, Burkhard Becher
Summary: This study reveals that IL-12-induced neuroprotective tissue adaptation in autoimmune conditions of the central nervous system is mediated by IL-12-sensing neurons. The research provides experimental evidence from mice and human brain tissue and uncovers the mechanisms underlying IL-12's neuroprotective effects, which prevent neurodegeneration and maintain CNS integrity.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel Barquin, Ian U. Kouzel, Beat Ehrmann, Michael Basler, Andreas J. Gruber
Summary: This study presents a single cell-based Terminal Exon Annotation database (scTEA-db), which provides yet unannotated terminal exons and associated transcript isoforms for studying their biological role in cell identity and function.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Christopher Kirk
Summary: Athlete stature and armspan do not provide an advantage in mixed martial arts (MMA). Younger athletes tend to win more in divisions with diverse skill requirements.
RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Cristina Delgado-Martin, Neel Anand, Janet Anderl, Chengguo Dong, Andrea Fan, Ying Fang, Christopher Kirk, Tony Muchamuel, Yu Qian, Jinhai Wang, Jennifer Whang, Patricia Zuno-Mitchell
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Jennifer A. Whang, Andrea Fan, Jing Jiang, Christopher J. Kirk, Tony Muchamuel