Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
B. Lahart, L. Shalloo, J. Herron, D. O'Brien, R. Fitzgerald, T. M. Boland, F. Buckley
Summary: Breeding for increased Economic Breeding Index (EBI) improves greenhouse gas emissions per unit of product and nitrogen efficiency. Additionally, reducing concentrate supplementation decreases greenhouse gas emissions and increases nitrogen efficiency in pasture-based dairy production.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alison R. Marklein, Deanne Meyer, Marc L. Fischer, Seongeun Jeong, Talha Rafiq, Michelle Carr, Francesca M. Hopkins
Summary: This study developed a spatially explicit database of dairies in California, calculating CH4 emissions based on operating permits and California-specific reports, and estimated the impact of mitigation strategies. The results show that implementing digesters at existing or planned 106 dairies in California will significantly reduce CH4 emissions.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Lily Jaiswal, Mulumebet Worku
Summary: Cow's milk contains potential allergens in the form of proteins, making some infants, children, and adults allergic to cow's milk. Strict exclusion of milk and other dairy products puts children with cow's milk allergy at higher nutritional risk.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alun Scott, Richard Blanchard
Summary: This study reveals that despite significant success in capturing CH4 and carbon dioxide as biogas and preventing N2O emissions, gains made can be lost in a subsequent process, negating some or all of the advantage. Additionally, the process of extracting value from the captured resource is discussed in light of current farm parameters together with indications of other potential revenue streams.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abdulai Guinguina, Maria Hayes, Fredrik Grondahl, Sophie Julie Krizsan
Summary: Researchers have investigated the potential of a red macroalga, B. hamifera, as an alternative to reduce methane emissions from livestock. The results showed that the inclusion of B. hamifera can reduce predicted in vivo methane and total gas productions, and also affect in vitro fermentation characteristics. Moreover, chemical analyses revealed that B. hamifera has moderate concentrations of polyphenols, low iodine content, and no detectable bromoform.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. L. Kerwin, W. S. Burhans, S. Mann, M. Tetreault, D. Nydam, T. R. Overton
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the management and herd characteristics of the transition period on freestall dairy herds in the northeastern United States. The results showed variations in management practices among herds, providing a foundation for future hypothesis-driven studies.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Josef J. Gross
Summary: Milk production in dairy cows has been increasing globally, but there are various physiological and nutritional constraints that can limit milk production. These constraints can vary at different stages of lactation, and can be affected by factors such as feed availability, metabolism, and environmental conditions. Understanding these constraints is important for improving animal health and welfare, and for achieving sustainable milk production.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Taina Silvestre, Marina A. Lima, Gustavo B. dos Santos, Luiz G. R. Pereira, Fernanda S. Machado, Thierry R. Tomich, Mariana M. Campos, Arjan Jonker, Paulo H. M. Rodrigues, Virginia L. N. Brandao, Marcos I. Marcondes
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different feeding levels and breed compositions on prepubertal dairy heifers, showing that breed composition did not influence body weight gain, but Holstein heifers fed at a medium feeding level had higher feed efficiency and reduced methane emissions intensity.
Article
Microbiology
Isabel Krebs, Yanchao Zhang, Nicole Wente, Stefanie Leimbach, Volker Kroemker
Summary: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the occurrence of bacteremia in severe mastitis cases of dairy cows. Milk and corresponding blood samples of 77 cases of severe mastitis were bacteriologically examined. Bacteremia occurred in 15.5% of the cases, with the most frequent isolated bacteria being K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. dysgalactiae, and S. uberis. High pathogen shedding and high humidity were associated with the occurrence of bacteremia in severe mastitis.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alan Rotz, Robert Stout, April Leytem, Gary Feyereisen, Heidi Waldrip, Greg Thoma, Michael Holly, David Bjorneberg, John Baker, Peter Vadas, Peter Kleinman
Summary: Through simulation of dairy farms in different regions, it was found that the dairy industry in the United States has a certain impact on national environmental indicators such as greenhouse gas emissions, fossil energy use, water resources, and nitrogen loss. While the environmental footprint of dairy farms in the U.S. is relatively small in the national context, their contribution to reactive nitrogen losses is significant.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Allison L. Kerwin, Winfield S. Burhans, Daryl V. Nydam, Thomas R. Overton
Summary: Evaluations of transition cow nutrition strategies on health and performance in larger commercial farms are limited. This study found that feeding controlled energy diet prepartum and high-starch fresh diet improved the health and performance of both primiparous and multiparous cows.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Leticia Martini Braz, Josiel Martins Costa, Ana Beatriz Soares Aguiar, Renata Piacentini Rodriguez, Giselle Patricia Sancinetti
Summary: The study evaluated the methanogenic potential of anaerobic sludge in wastewater from the washing of PET bottles for recycling, revealing that high surfactant concentration can inhibit wastewater biodegradation. The results indicate process inhibition under certain conditions.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Seyed Ali Jafari, Shahriar Osfouri, Reza Azin
Summary: The transfer of gaseous substrate is a major issue in biomethanation studies. By developing a mass transfer model and optimizing biokinetic parameters, researchers successfully calculated the active volume and maximized it under different process conditions. The height to width ratio of the bioreactor, pressure and temperature were found to significantly affect the active volume.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Surasit Thiangchanta, Rungnapha Khiewwijit, Yuttana Mona
Summary: This study aims to explore the environmental impact of biogas production from dairy cow manure. The results show that the diets of dairy cows have an effect on biogas production, CO2 and CH4 contents, and total greenhouse gas emissions. The use of biogas significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to natural gas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fangle Chang, Eileen Fabian-Wheeler, Tom L. Richard, Michael Hile
Summary: The waste management practices of solid dairy manures were experimentally evaluated to investigate gas transport and emission within manure piles. Using different applied stresses and moisture contents, representing various pile depths, the concentrations of greenhouse gases and ammonia were measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy monitor. The results showed that carbon dioxide was the dominant greenhouse gas emission under all tested conditions. The gas diffusion, facilitated by manure with high mechanical strength and permeability, played a crucial role in gas transfer. Moreover, the increase in moisture content significantly reduced the gas emission rates, especially for manure with high water holding capacity.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Frank R. Dunshea, Kehinde Oluboyede, Kristy DiGiacomo, Brian J. Leury, Jeremy J. Cottrell
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiaoyan Hao, Pengju Wang, Youshe Ren, Gentang Liu, Jianxin Zhang, Brian Leury, Chunxiang Zhang
ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Walter, P. Shrestha, R. Fry, B. J. Leury, A. Logan
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
F. Zamuner, K. DiGiacomo, A. W. N. Cameron, B. J. Leury
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
F. Zamuner, K. DiGiacomo, A. W. N. Cameron, B. J. Leury
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
F. Zamuner, K. DiGiacomo, A. W. N. Cameron, B. J. Leury
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
F. Zamuner, A. W. N. Cameron, E. K. Carpenter, B. J. Leury, K. DiGiacomo
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fan Liu, Casie J. Braden, Robert J. Smits, Jessica R. Craig, David J. Henman, Chris J. Brewster, Rebecca S. Morrison, Rebecca Z. Athorn, Brian J. Leury, Weicheng Zhao, Jeremy J. Cottrell, Frank R. Dunshea, Alan W. Bell
Summary: Sows mated in summer produce a higher proportion of born-light piglets, which may be associated with weight loss during the previous summer lactation. Increasing early gestation feed allowance for sows and compensatory feeding during high weight loss in summer can help improve progeny birth weight and reduce the percentage of born-light piglets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pragna Prathap, Surinder S. Chauhan, Brian J. Leury, Jeremy J. Cottrell, Aleena Joy, Minghao Zhang, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a dietary starch and protein binding agent and heat stress on methane emissions and rumen parameters in Merino lambs. The results showed that the treated wheat-based diet had lower methane emissions compared to the untreated wheat-based diet, and the wheat-based diet had lower methane emissions compared to the maize-based diet. Methane emissions were lower during heat stress compared to thermoneutral conditions, with intermediate emissions during cyclic heat stress and high feeding levels. The study concludes that feeding Merino lambs the treated diet can reduce methane emissions without affecting starch digestibility.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Emma M. Ockenden, Victoria M. Russo, Brian J. Leury, Khageswor Giri, William J. Wales
Summary: This experiment studied the long-term effects of different preweaning feeding methods on dairy cattle's immune system. It found that high volume feeding resulted in better immune response during the preweaning phase, and this effect continued even after 9 months of weaning. These results highlight the positive impact of preweaning nutrition on the development of the immune system in dairy cattle.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kristy DiGiacomo, Sarah Simpson, Brian J. Leury, Frank R. Dunshea
Summary: This study investigated the effect of dietary betaine supplementation on physiological responses to heat exposure in sheep. The results showed that betaine supplementation improved insulin signaling and lipid metabolism in sheep. These findings suggest that betaine can potentially mitigate the negative effects of heat exposure on metabolic health.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Bereket Zeleke Tunkala, Kristy DiGiacomo, Pablo S. Alvarez Hess, Frank R. Dunshea, Brian J. Leury
Summary: The first phase of the experiment evaluated the effects of two rumen fluid (RF) storage methods on gas composition and dry matter disappearance (DMD) in wheat grain and lucerne hay under in vitro fermentation. The second phase aimed to quantify the impact of preserving RF for 180 days at -20 degrees C on in vitro fermentation parameters. Storing RF at -20 degrees C showed lower methane composition and higher gas production and DMD compared to storing RF at -80 degrees C, suggesting its preference when fresh RF is limited.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
N. Norbu, P. S. Alvarez-Hess, B. J. Leury, M. L. Douglas, M. M. Wright, S. R. O. Williams, A. L. Thomson, V. M. Russo, M. C. Hannah, W. J. Wales, M. J. Auldist
Summary: Dry matter intake (DMI) is a crucial factor affecting milk production in grazing dairy cows. This study aimed to determine the quantity and mass of swallowed boli in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle fed different forages and to evaluate indirect methods for counting swallows. The results showed that the mass of swallowed boli varied with forage type, and using a microphone attached to the cow's forehead provided an accurate measure of swallows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hieu Huu Le, Weicheng Zhao, John Barton Furness, Majid Shakeri, Kristy Digiacomo, Eugeni Roura, David Renaudeau, Nicolas Kurt Gabler, Brian Joseph Leury, Frank Rowland Dunshea, Gene Wijffels, Jeremy James Cottrell
Summary: Climate change increases the risk of heat stress in pig production, leading to decreased efficiency. This study investigated the effects of recombinant superoxide dismutase (rSOD) on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in heat-stressed pigs. The results suggest that using in-feed SOD enzymes may be a beneficial strategy for preventing oxidative stress in pigs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Richard Osei-Amponsah, Frank R. Dunshea, Brian J. Leury, Archana Abhijith, Surinder S. Chauhan
Summary: Heat waves in Australia are becoming more severe and frequent, causing stress on dairy cattle. A study investigated the relationship between heat-tolerant phenotypes and genomic breeding values for various selection indices. The findings showed positive associations between heat-tolerant phenotypes and breeding values for heat tolerance, fertility, and fat percentage.