Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fang Wang, Meijin Liu, Cong Liu, Qilong Zhao, Ting Wang, Zuankai Wang, Xuemin Du
Summary: Slippery lubricant-infused porous (SLIPS) and superhydrophobic surfaces have emerged as promising interfacial materials. We developed a class of slippery material that harnesses the dual advantages of both solid and lubricant by constructing a photothermal-responsive composite matrix with real-time light-induced surface charge regeneration capability. The resulting light-induced charged slippery surface (LICS) allows for photocontrol of droplets with fast speed, long distance, antigravity motion, and directionally collective motion. The LICS is further extended to biomedical domains for specific morphological hydrogel bead formation and biological diagnosis and analysis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Esther Nieland, Jona Voss, Andreas Mix, Bernd M. Schmidt
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of visible light to shift dynamic covalent imine assemblies out of equilibrium. A fluorinated azobenzene building block was combined with different amines to create a library of imine macrocycles. The chiral amine provides access to a rich network of macrocycles that undergo isomerisation and interconversion between different species.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vineet Kumar, Aboozar Nasrollahi, Heung-Shik Park, Sung Tae Shin, Myong-Hoon Lee, Shin-Woong Kang
Summary: A high-quality alignment of liquid crystals (LCs) has been achieved through the synthesis of a photoresponsive azo-polyimide with different substitution ratios of azo-dye, in combination with in situ photoalignment and UV polymerization. The results show that the tilt angle of LCs varies with dose of linearly polarized visible light (LPVL) irradiation and concentration of reactive mesogen (RM). Surface investigations reveal contrasting nature between planar and vertically aligned substrates before and after RM stabilization.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhentao Hao, Weihua Li
Summary: The nepenthes-inspired lubricant-infused surface (LIS) is a novel repellent surface with self-healing, self-cleaning, pressure stability, and ultra-slippery properties, and has shown great promise in microfluidics. Recent developments have focused on droplet manipulation on LIS with different mechanisms induced by various external stimuli, such as thermal, light, electric, magnetic, and mechanical force. The properties of the droplet, lubricant, and substrate on LIS determine the droplet condition, and droplet manipulation can be achieved through altering slipperiness, electrostatic force, and wettability. Applications in various fields, including microreactors and microfluidics, have also been discussed.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vivian M. Lechner, Manuel Nappi, Patrick J. Deneny, Sarah Folliet, John C. K. Chu, Matthew J. Gaunt
Summary: Chemically modified biomacromolecules play a crucial role in chemical biology. Visible-light-induced photochemical approaches have emerged as an effective method to modify biomacromolecules, offering mild reaction conditions and precise control. These methods can be used to modify native functional groups as well as non-native, bioorthogonal functional groups, allowing manipulation of biomacromolecule activity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinhong Xiong, Lulu Xue, Li Yang, Shihua Dong, Jiaxi Cui
Summary: A novel magnetoresponsive semi-infused adaptive surface for droplet manipulations is reported, allowing for stimuli-free pinning and on-demand motion of liquid droplets. The surface may have potential applications in the design of smart material interfaces, microfluidic devices, and chemical reactors.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Weishan Yan, Chaopeng Zhao, Wenyao Luo, Wangyang Zhang, Xi Li, Duo Liu
Summary: Controlled droplet manipulation using photothermally induced pyroelectric effects on a super-hydrophobic surface allows for versatile functionalities, including droplet deformation, jetting, splitting, and guided motion by adjusting the laser incident angle. The method offers potential applications in remote droplet control, with capabilities for contactless, electrodeless, and precise spatial and fast temporal control. The distribution of pyroelectric charges plays a crucial role in the process, with evenly distributed charges promoting hydrophobic to hydrophilic transitions and localized charges enabling droplet shape control.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Stanimir Iliev, Nina Pesheva, Pavel Iliev
Summary: We numerically study advancing and receding apparent contact angles for liquid meniscus on random self-affine rough surfaces. The advancing and receding angles depend only on the roughness factor of the self-affine surfaces, and the cosines of these angles are linearly related to the surface roughness factor. We investigate the relations between advancing, receding, and Wenzel equilibrium contact angles, finding that the hysteresis force is the same for different liquids and depends only on the surface roughness factor. A comparison with existing numerical and experimental results is carried out.
Article
Polymer Science
Shaodong Sun, Chenrui Yuan, Zhulu Xie, Wen-Cong Xu, Qijin Zhang, Si Wu
Summary: This study reports the self-assembly properties and photoresponsive behaviors of an azobenzene-containing block copolymer, and demonstrates that under UV irradiation, the copolymer can generate different nanostructures.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yubo Wang, Yongyang Sun, Yiqing Xue, Fangxin Wang, Wenyan Liang, Yanhua Wang, Dongyu Zhu, Huanyu Zhao
Summary: Preparation techniques of functional surfaces by studying the correlations between the macroscopic properties and microscopic morphologies of biological surfaces have been widely discussed. In this study, laser etching techniques are used to construct micropillar arrays on a photothermally responsive shape memory polymer (SMP) surface. The reversible conversion of surface microstructure morphology is achieved with near-infrared (NIR) light and external forces, enabling surface wettability conversion. These functionalized surfaces with NIR light-controlled reversible wettability may allow new possibilities for droplet selection and transfer processes, chemical microreactions, and anti-icing/de-icing applications.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Dagui Wang, Jinglong Yang, Junchang Guo, Zhijuan Duan, Deihui Wang, Fan Xia, Fei Deng, Xu Deng
Summary: Liquid-like polymer lubricating surfaces (LPLSs) are solid substrates with highly flexible polymer chains grafted via covalent bonds, which enables them to have ultralow contact-angle hysteresis, repellency of various liquids and bulk ice, and stability. LPLSs have potential applications in liquid motion, biological detection, and environmental protection.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Xu, Yuxing Yao, Weichen Deng, Jen-Chun Fang, Robert L. Dupont, Meng Zhang, Simon Copar, Uros Tkalec, Xiaoguang Wang
Summary: The effect of magnetic field on the wettability and mobility of droplets on structured fluids is not well understood. This study manipulates the behaviors of water droplets on a film of thermotropic liquid crystals and finds that the static wetting behavior and static friction depend on the liquid crystal mesophases, while a magnetic field has no measurable effect on these properties. However, the droplet dynamics can be affected by a magnetic field on a particular liquid crystal film and this is dependent on the direction and strength of the magnetic field. The study also proposes a scaling argument using the magnetic coherence length to interpret the results.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Keyu Han, Zubin Wang, Liping Heng, Lei Jiang
Summary: Intelligent responsive slippery surfaces with adjustable wettability play a crucial role in various research and applications, yet designing surfaces with configurable wettability patterns and spatial response to remote stimuli remains a significant challenge.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenrui Li, Beomsu Kim, Jonghun Yoon, Soumyadip Sett, Junho Oh
Summary: This comprehensive review summarizes previous research and emphasizes the structures and working principles of directional wetting surfaces. Researchers have employed different strategies to manipulate the wetting behavior of liquids through both passive and active control mechanisms. Passive directional transport surfaces enable large-scale and continuous fluid control, while active directional wetting surfaces offer flexibility and precise control of liquid movement.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Pooja M. Khanzode, Devidas I. Halge, Vijaykiran N. Narwade, Jagdish W. Dadge, Kashinath A. Bogle
Summary: In this study, a highly efficient visible light photodetector was demonstrated using spray coated nano lead sulfide (PbS) thin film on 300 GSM paper with pencil drawn electrodes. The effect of channel length variations on the photoconducting properties of the nano PbS thin films was investigated, with results showing that the device with 1 mm channel length exhibited better photosensitive and responsive properties.
Article
Mechanics
Sami Yamani, Gareth H. McKinley
Summary: The FENE-P dumbbell constitutive equation is commonly used for simulating viscoelastic shear flows and predicting macroscopic properties of dilute polymer solutions. By evaluating steady material functions, universal master curves for these functions, as well as the corresponding stress ratio, can be constructed, which helps in understanding the effects of finite extensibility of polymer chains.
JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Joshua David John Rathinaraj, Gareth H. McKinley
Summary: Oscillatory rheometric techniques are widely used to characterize the viscoelastic properties of complex fluids. However, conventional Fourier transforms for analyzing oscillatory data are limited in studying shear-induced microstructural changes in time-evolving materials. In this study, the Gabor transform is explored as a more advanced signal processing technique to extract time-resolved frequency information from oscillatory data. The Gabor transform enables accurate measurement of rapid changes in storage and loss modulus, extraction of characteristic thixotropic/aging time scale, and extraction of useful viscoelastic data from initial transient response. The resulting test protocol, Gaborheometry, reduces the number of required experiments and data postprocessing time significantly.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Esteban F. Medina-Banuelos, Benjamin M. Marin-Santibanez, Emad Chaparian, Crystal E. Owens, Gareth H. McKinley, Jose Perez-Gonzalez
Summary: It has been discovered that the steady fractal vane-in-cup (fVIC) flow of complex fluids using vanes with fractal cross sections can produce an almost axisymmetric flow field and rotation rate-independent effective radius, making it a reliable measurement tool for complex fluids. However, axial shearing/compression during the insertion of the rheometric tool in the sample also accelerates syneresis, leading to shear banding for Couette and fVIC flows.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yassine Slimani, Munirah A. Almessiere, Mohamed J. S. Mohamed, Essia Hannachi, Serkan Caliskan, Sultan Akhtar, Abdulhadi Baykal, Mohammed A. Gondal
Summary: One of the major concerns globally is the presence of organic pollutants in wastewater and water resources, specifically Rhodamine B, which is highly persistent and toxic. Metal oxide semiconducting materials, such as TiO2, have been studied for their ability to remove organic pollutants. In this study, a series of Ce-Sm co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared and their photocatalytic activity was evaluated. It was found that all co-doped nanoparticles showed better photocatalytic activity than pristine TiO2, with the x = 0.50% sample demonstrating the highest degradation efficiency.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sami Yamani, Yashasvi Raj, Tamer A. Zaki, Gareth H. McKinley, Irmgard Bischofberger
Summary: The interplay between viscoelasticity and inertia in dilute polymer solutions can lead to inertioelastic instabilities, resulting in elastoinertial turbulence (EIT) with distinct spatiotemporal features compared to Newtonian turbulence. Our study on a submerged planar jet of a dilute polymer solution in a quiescent water tank reveals that fluid elasticity has a nonmonotonic effect on the jet stability, creating two different regimes. At low levels of elasticity, an inertioelastic shear-layer instability emerges, destabilizing the flow and causing a turbulence transition closer to the nozzle. Increasing fluid elasticity merges the shear-layer instability into a bulk instability, partially stabilizing the flow and retarding the transition to turbulence. The fully turbulent state exhibits unique spatiotemporal features associated with EIT, characterized by self-similar evolution of jet spreading angle, entrainment, and coherent structures elongated in the streamwise direction. LDV measurements show a frequency spectrum with a -3 power-law exponent, different from Newtonian turbulence's well-known -5/3 exponent.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aziz Ahmad, Mohammed Ashraf Gondal, Muhammad Hassan, Rashid Iqbal, Sami Ullah, Atif Saeed Alzahrani, Waqar Ali Memon, Fazal Mabood, Saad Melhi
Summary: Biomass-derived physically activated carbon was obtained from date seed biomass as symmetric electrodes for all-solid-state supercapacitors (SCs). PVA/KOH gel polymer electrolyte was used in the SCs. The C-850 electrode showed the best electrochemical performances, with a specific capacitance of 138.12 F g(-1) at 5 mV s(-1) and an energy density of 9.6 Wh kg(-1).
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jake Song, Sungjin Kim, Olivia Saouaf, Crystal Owens, Gareth H. McKinley, Niels Holten-Andersen
Summary: This study presents a novel design strategy for the synthesis of high-concentration soft magnetic hydrogels by in situ mineralization of iron oxide nanoparticles within polymer hydrogels. The resulting hydrogels exhibit softness, viscoelasticity, and strong magnetic actuation, making them suitable for biomedical applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Simon J. Haward, Stylianos Varchanis, Gareth H. McKinley, Manuel A. Alves, Amy Q. Shen
Summary: Part I presents a microfluidic device for generating near-homogeneous uniaxial and biaxial elongational flows. In Part II, this device is used to examine the extensional rheology of dilute polymer solutions compared to measurements made under planar extension. The extension rate and tensile stress difference generated in the fluid are measured using micro-particle image velocimetry and excess pressure drop measurements. The results show that at higher polymer concentrations, the experimental measurements deviate from the model predictions due to intermolecular interactions as the polymer chains unravel in the extensional flows.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Luqman E. Oloore, Mohammed A. Gondal, Idris K. Popoola, AbdulJelili Popoola
Summary: Pseudocapacitive materials usually have low capacitance and conductivity, but the designed perovskite electrode architecture in this study improves ion accessibility and provides high gravimetric and area normalized capacitance.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabiha Sultana, Mohammed A. Gondal, Amir Naveed, Imran Rehan, Kamran Rehan, Noor Ul Amin, Luqman Ali Shah, Shah Khalid, Bassam El Ali, M. A. Almessiere
Summary: This paper presents the synthesis, physical characterization, and antibacterial properties of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) incorporated in activated PVA/PMMA/montmorillonite (MMT) polymeric clay composites. The CuNPs were prepared using an eco-friendly solvent evaporation technique. The UV-Vis spectral analysis showed that the optical band gap energy of the composites could be adjusted by controlling the CuNPs loading, making them suitable for optoelectronic applications. XRD analysis confirmed a strong interaction between CuNPs and the polymeric clay composite. The composites exhibited improved hydrophobicity and excellent bactericidal activity, suggesting their potential use in the food packaging industry.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rishabh V. More, Reid Patterson, Eugene Pashkovski, Gareth H. McKinley
Summary: By studying the rod-climbing effect, we can measure the elasticity of complex fluids, including factors such as rotation rate, fluid elasticity, surface tension, and inertia. Our results show that by combining small amplitude oscillatory shear flow measurements and commercial rheometer measurements, we can accurately measure the normal stress differences of complex fluids.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Joshua David John Rathinaraj, Kyle R. Lennon, Miguel Gonzalez, Ashok Santra, James W. Swan, Gareth H. McKinley
Summary: Clay slurries are widely used in the oil exploration industry as drilling fluids. However, modeling the rheological behavior of these suspensions is challenging due to their thermal-driven evolution and non-linear viscoelastic properties. This study presents a new approach for modeling the linear viscoelastic response of aging bentonite suspensions, which effectively solves the problem by transforming the time domain and material domain. Experimental measurements support the validity of this model.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jake Song, Niels Holten-Andersen, Gareth H. Mckinley
Summary: This study introduces the non-Maxwellian linear stress relaxation observed in soft matter systems and discusses its physical origins. Suitable mathematical models are proposed to describe this phenomenon. The research is important for understanding and modeling the mechanical relaxation of soft materials.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Imran Rehan, Saranjam Khan, M. A. Gondal, Qamar Abbas, Rahat Ullah
Summary: This study uses SVM algorithm and LIBS technology to identify diabetes mellitus in human urine. By collecting pathological urine samples from diabetic patients and control samples from non-diabetic individuals, LIBS spectra of both groups were obtained and analyzed using PCA and support vector classifier. SVM models with various kernel functions were developed and evaluated using k-fold cross-validation, and the radial basis function (RBF) kernel demonstrated the highest performance efficiency. The results highlight the potential of LIBS approach for real-time assessment of diabetes mellitus in clinical trials.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabiha Sultana, Mohammed A. Gondal, Muhammad Haris, Imran Rehan, Kamran Rehan, Saqib Khan, Muhammad Saleem
Summary: In this study, silica powder was successfully prepared from raw rice husk and silver nanoparticles were synthesized using natural neem leaves. Biodegradable nanocomposites were fabricated by blending polylactic acid, silver nanoparticles, montmorillonite MMT and silica with filler contents. The incorporation of silica improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the nanocomposites, and inhibited bacterial growth.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
