Article
Immunology
Chenglin Ye, Sizhe Zhu, Jingping Yuan
Summary: This study analyzed the gene expression profiles of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and identified two gene subtypes: immune and metabolic. The immune subtype was associated with leukocyte migration and cytokine interactions, while the metabolic subtype was associated with metabolic pathways. The combination of interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and Toll-like receptor 4 effectively distinguished between these two gene subtypes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta S. Alexdottir, Arno R. Bourgonje, Morten A. Karsdal, Martin Pehrsson, Roberta Loveikyte, Hendrik M. van Dullemen, Marijn C. Visschedijk, Eleonora A. M. Festen, Rinse K. Weersma, Klaas Nico Faber, Gerard Dijkstra, Joachim H. Mortensen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the role of serological biomarkers in monitoring and predicting treatment response in patients with Crohn's disease undergoing infliximab induction therapy. The results showed that baseline levels of a biomarker for type IV collagen degradation were associated with treatment response, while biomarkers for type III and VI collagen formation could be used to monitor response at the end of treatment. Additionally, biomarker ratios for type IV collagen turnover showed promising results in monitoring treatment response in patients without a surgical history.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiyoung Kwon, Eun-Sil Kim, Yoon-Zi Kim, Yon-Ho Choe, Mi-Jin Kim
Summary: This study aims to measure the concentration of cytokines produced during the inflammation process to investigate if there are any differences in response to treatment of pediatric Crohn's disease and to determine if the initial tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) level affected the trough concentration of infliximab (IFX).
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Haggai Bar-Yoseph, Alexandra Blatt, Shiran Gerassy, Sigal Pressman, Amjad Mousa, Edmond Sabo, Matti Waterman, Bella Ungar, Shomron Ben-Horin, Yehuda Chowers
Summary: Therapeutic drug monitoring is essential when guiding anti-TNF therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. This study found differences in tissue dynamics between infliximab and adalimumab, with SDL correlating with tissue free drug levels. Understanding these interactions could lead to improved therapeutic strategies in the future.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Beatriz Orts, Ana Gutierrez, Lucia Madero, Laura Sempere, Ruben Frances, Pedro Zapater
Summary: There are differences in the immunological profile and clinical evolution of patients with Crohn's disease according to the anti-TNF dose and serum trough levels.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoon-Zi Kim, Ben Kang, Eun-Sil Kim, Yiyoung Kwon, Yon-Ho Choe, Mi-Jin Kim
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and immunogenicity of methotrexate (MTX) and azathioprine (AZA) as concurrent therapies for pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). The results showed that there were no significant differences in remission rates between the two medications, and they both effectively maintained adequate Infliximab (IFX) levels and reduced anti-drug antibody (ADA) production.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Guojun Wu, Hiba R. Tawfeeq, Atreju I. Lackey, Yinxiu Zhou, Zoe Sifnakis, Sophia M. Zacharisen, Heli Xu, Justine M. Doran, Harini Sampath, Liping Zhao, Yan Y. Lam, Judith Storch
Summary: This study investigated the effects of LFABP and IFABP deficiency on the gut microbiota in mice, and found that these changes were associated with phenotypic changes induced by a high-fat diet.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Pekala, Rafal Filip
Summary: This study found that the overall response rate to CT-P13 treatment in CD and UC patients exceeded 80%, with a significant percentage of patients primarily responding to treatment after the induction phase despite sub-therapeutic drug levels. Measurement of drug levels at weeks 10 and 12 did not capture any pronounced decrease in infliximab concentrations below therapeutic levels, suggesting limited clinical usefulness.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gilles Boschetti, Maria Nachury, David Laharie, Xavier Roblin, Cyrielle Gilletta, Alexandre Aubourg, Arnaud Bourreille, Camille Zallot, Xavier Hebuterne, Anthony Buisson, Jean-Charles Grimaud, Yoram Bouhnik, Matthieu Allez, Romain Altwegg, Stephanie Viennot, Lucine Vuitton, Franck Carbonnel, Stephane Paul, Kristell Desseaux, Jerome Lambert, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) reintroduction in Crohn's disease (CD) after discontinuation due to loss of response or intolerance. The results showed that IFX retreatment was effective and safe in approximately one-third of patients with CD, regardless of the reason for prior discontinuation. Early detection of anti-drug antibodies could predict subsequent failure of IFX reintroduction and infusion reactions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xi Huang, Youci Zhou, Yunwei Sun, Qijun Wang
Summary: Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) play a crucial role in lipid transport, with intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) specifically expressed in the small intestine. FABP2 has a pivotal role in intestinal lipid metabolism and holds clinical research potential.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ziheng Peng, Duo Xu, Yong Li, Xiaowei Liu, Fujun Li, Yu Peng
Summary: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) can predict the effectiveness of infliximab (IFX) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Low PNI is an independent risk factor for poor IFX effectiveness in CD patients. Attention should be paid to assessing immune and nutritional statuses in CD patients.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cong He, Huan Wang, Chen Yu, Chao Peng, Xu Shu, Wangdi Liao, Zhenhua Zhu
Summary: Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn's disease (CD) have distinct gut microbiota profiles, with ITB showing a dominance of Proteobacteria and reduction of Firmicutes, as well as altered functional modules associated with inflammation. In contrast, CD is characterized by lower alpha diversity and increased abundance of specific bacteria, allowing for clear differentiation from ITB.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Weiwei Wen, Yihan Xu, Wenwei Qian, Liangyu Huang, Jianfeng Gong, Yi Li, Weiming Zhu, Zhen Guo
Summary: A combination of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation can increase lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), leading to the induction and exacerbation of intestinal inflammation.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi Yin, Ying Xie, Wei Ge, Yi Li
Summary: Creeping fat, also known as fat wrapping, is a significant characteristic of Crohn's disease. It impairs intestinal integrity and promotes bacteria translocation, aggravating immune response. Creeping fat can be a potential therapeutic target for Crohn's disease treatment and a promising biomarker for predicting response to drug therapy.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julian Schwaerzler, Lisa Mayr, Arnau Vich Vila, Felix Grabherr, Lukas Niederreiter, Maureen Philipp, Christoph Grander, Moritz Meyer, Almina Jukic, Simone Troeger, Barbara Enrich, Nicole Przysiecki, Markus Tschurtschenthaler, Felix Sommer, Irmgard Kronberger, Jakob Koch, Richard Hilbe, Michael W. Hess, Georg Oberhuber, Susanne Sprung, Qitao Ran, Robert Koch, Maria Effenberger, Nicole C. Kaneider, Verena Wieser, Markus A. Keller, Rinse K. Weersma, Konrad Aden, Philip Rosenstiel, Richard S. Blumberg, Arthur Kaser, Herbert Tilg, Timon E. Adolph
Summary: This study provides evidence that excessive intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in a Western diet can induce gut inflammation and worsen the course of Crohn's disease (CD). The findings suggest a potential role for targeted nutritional therapy.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elise Nordin, Carl Brunius, Rikard Landberg, Per M. Hellstrom
Summary: This study found that a diet rich in FODMAPs had a modest effect on IBS symptoms, while gluten had no effect on IBS symptoms. The study also revealed significant individual differences in response to different interventions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nora Joseph, Ida Lindblad, Sara Zaker, Sharareh Elfversson, Maria Albinzon, Oyvind Odegard, Li Hantler, Per M. Hellstrom
Summary: This study evaluated the validity of data extracted by the Customized eXtraction Program (CXP) and found that CXP is an effective tool for extracting and structuring electronic medical record (EMR) data. It accurately identifies patients with specific criteria and can facilitate research studies and clinical trials by providing relevant databases.
UPSALA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jorik M. van Rijn, Jens Eriksson, Jana Gruttner, Magnus Sundbom, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Staffan G. Svard, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: Understanding the dynamic interactions between individual microbes and host cells is crucial for infectious disease research. A new method for live-cell imaging of microbial infection dynamics on human intestinal epithelial cell layers has been developed, providing insights into the behavior of Salmonella and Giardia pathogens.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aya A. Touny, Enda Kenny, Maria Mansson, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom
Summary: ROSE-010 showed promising effects in reducing pain and providing relief for patients with IBS, with females having a better response. The drug was most effective for IBS-C and IBS-M subtypes.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Niclas Rydell, Helena Ekoff, Per M. Hellstrom, Robert Moverare
Summary: This study found that IgG anti-integrin alpha v beta 6 autoantibodies (IgG anti-alpha v beta 6) are associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) in Swedish inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and that the levels of the autoantibodies reflect disease severity. The study suggests that IgG anti-alpha v beta 6 could be an attractive complement to faecal calprotectin in the diagnostic work up of IBD patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Moeen Ud-Din, Bassam Karout, Wiktoria M. Torbe, Johan Lunding, Anne-Marie Wegeberg, Asbjorn M. Drewes, Christina Brock, Per M. Hellstrom
Summary: The study aims to develop a clinical decision-support tool to differentiate the underlying disease in gastrointestinal symptoms of diabetes patients. By collecting basic characteristics and patient reported outcomes, using statistical analysis and machine learning techniques, and searching for biomarkers for autonomic neuropathy, the study hopes to provide better healthcare for diabetes patients.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lars H. Lund, Camilla Hage, Gianluigi Pironti, Tonje Thorvaldsen, Ulrika Ljung-Faxen, Stanislava Zabarovskaja, Kambiz Shahgaldi, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Daniel C. Andersson, Marcus Stahlberg
Summary: In this study, the effects of activated ghrelin on patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and ex vivo mouse cardiomyocytes were evaluated. The results showed that ghrelin increased cardiac output, improved contractility of the heart, and had no adverse effects on blood pressure, heart rate, arrhythmias, or myocardial ischemia. Therefore, further research on the therapeutic effects of ghrelin should be explored.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jana Gruttner, Jorik M. van Rijn, Petra Geiser, Alexandra Florbrant, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Magnus Sundbom, Mikael E. Sellin, Staffan G. Svard
Summary: Giardia intestinalis is a parasite that infects the upper small intestine of mammals. It can cause diarrhoeal disease in humans, but many infections do not cause symptoms. The molecular mechanisms behind these different outcomes are still unclear.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Christoffer S. Graven-Nielsen, Cecilie S. Knoph, Tina Okdahl, Katrine L. Hoyer, Klaus Krogh, Per M. Hellstroem, Asbjorn M. Drewes
Summary: In patients with chronic idiopathic diarrhea resistant to standard treatment, opioids are often used as rescue therapy. This systematic review investigated the effects of opioid agonists on gut function in chronic diarrhea. The review found that opioid receptor agonists such as loperamide, asimadoline, casokefamide, and codeine reduced stool frequency and increased transit time compared with placebo, while loperamide and diphenoxylate significantly improved stool consistency. However, the evidence from clinical trials is limited and more research is needed to establish standardized endpoints and larger prospective studies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel Seifu, Kristofer F. Nilsson, Rajinder Chawla, Solomon Genet, Mikael Holst, Asfaw Debella, Per M. Hellstrom
Summary: The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bioactive principle from Taverniera abyssinica root and investigate its effects on isolated smooth muscle tissues. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and HPLC purification, the bioactive fractions were identified as isoflavones. These compounds showed about 80% inhibition of contractions in isolated smooth muscle strips.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elise Nordin, Per M. Hellstrom, Johan Dicksved, Erik Pelve, Rikard Landberg, Carl Brunius
Summary: This study investigated the effects of FODMAPs and gluten on gut microbiota and circulating metabolite profiles, as well as the potential links between microbiota, metabolites, and IBS symptoms. The results showed that FODMAPs altered microbiota composition and were correlated with phenolic-derived metabolites and 3-indolepropionate, which are associated with positive health factors. However, the associations between molecular data and IBS symptoms were weak.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yichen Li, Qian Zhang, Mandi Wu, Peidong Zhang, Liang Huang, Xiaolin Ai, Zhengnan Yang, Qiuhong Shen, Yiran Wang, Ping Wang, Shengtao Zhou, Ming-Liang He
Summary: A study has found that a LncRNA associated with ovarian cancer metastasis, LncOVM, is highly correlated with poor prognosis and survival. LncOVM interacts with and stabilizes PPIP5K2, promoting the secretion of complement C5 from ovarian cancer cells, which then attracts myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to facilitate metastasis. Targeting the LncOVM-PPIP5K2-complement axis can inhibit MDSC infiltration and restore the suppression of tumorigenesis and metastasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yiran Wang, Mandi Wu, Yichen Li, Ho Him Yuen, Ming-Liang He
Summary: This review updates the current knowledge on how SARS-CoV-2 modulates the host innate immune response for its evasion from host defense and its corresponding pathogenesis caused by cytokine storm. It emphasizes the Type I interferon response and the strategies used by SARS-CoV-2 to evade innate immune defense. The review extensively discusses the cells and their function involved in the innate immune response and inflammatory response, as well as the promises and challenges of drugs targeting excessive inflammation for antiviral treatment. It provides insights into the current challenges and future directions for studying the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on innate immunity.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)