期刊
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION A-A JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES
卷 72, 期 7, 页码 677-687出版社
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/zna-2017-0134
关键词
Bose-Einstein Condensation; Collective Oscillations; Quantum Liquids; Quantum Tunnelling; Stability Analysis
资金
- National Research Foundation of South Africa [95965, 98892]
Various kinds of Bose-Einstein condensates are considered, which evolve without any geometric constraints or external trap potentials including gravitational. For studies of their collective oscillations and stability, including the metastability and macroscopic tunneling phenomena, both the variational approach and the Vakhitov-Kolokolov(VK) criterion are employed; calculations are done for condensates of an arbitrary spatial dimension. It is determined that that the trapless condensate described by the logarithmic wave equation is essentially stable, regardless of its dimensionality, while the trapless condensates described by wave equations of a polynomial type with respect to the wavefunction, such as the Gross-Pitaevskii (cubic), cubicquintic, and so on, are at best metastable. This means that trapless polynomial condensates are unstable against spontaneous delocalization caused by fluctuations of their width, density and energy, leading to a finite lifetime.
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