Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Wnukowski, P. Jamoz, L. Niedzwiecki
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of hydrogen on other producer gas compounds during microwave plasma valorization. The results show that the addition of hydrogen improves the conversion of methane and toluene, and changes the distribution of the products. The presence of hydrogen inhibits the conversion of H2S, but does not affect CO and NH3.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Armin Okati, Mohammad Reza Khani, Babak Shokri, Abel Rouboa, Eliseu Monteiro
Summary: The plasma gasification process is an innovative approach for waste management. This study developed a model based on Gibbs free energy minimization to evaluate the impact of various parameters on gas composition and hydrogen production. The results are particularly relevant for countries with coal reserves.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hannah O. Kargbo, Kok Siew Ng, Anh N. Phan
Summary: The two-stage gasification design has advantages in producing high-quality gas, but its economic feasibility still needs to be evaluated. The study found that the economic benefits of the system can be further improved by reducing the cost of feedstock in large-scale production facilities.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Regina Francielle Silva Paulino, Alexei Mikhailovich Essiptchouk, Lucas Pamplona Cardozo Costa, Jose Luz Silveira
Summary: This study investigates the thermodynamic characteristics of biomedical waste generated in Brazil through plasma gasification simulation. It determines the optimal operating point and estimates the required electrical power and the potential for electricity generation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pradip Mondal
Summary: Management of solid waste has always been a challenging task for governing authorities. This study focuses on using gasification to produce hydrogen (H-2) from municipal solid waste (MSW) as a green fuel alternative. A fixed bed gasifier model is developed and optimized to achieve the best output parameters including H-2 yield, lower heating value (LHV) of syngas, and cold gas efficiency (CGE).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ozgun Tezer, Nazlican Karabag, Atakan Ongen, Azize Ayol
Summary: This experimental study presents the results of sewage sludge gasification in two different fixed bed gasifiers and investigates the effects of heating temperature, gasification agents, and flow rates on gasification efficiency. The study identifies key points and contributes to a deeper understanding of the potential for sludge gasification using different gasifier configurations.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ozgun Tezer, Nazlican Karabag, M. Utku Ozturk, Atakan Ongen, Azize Ayol
Summary: This study investigates the gasification potential of municipal green waste using different fixed-bed gasifier configurations. The results show that the updraft reactor system is more suitable for producing high hydrogen content. The findings are important for determining and optimizing gasification process parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rahul Mishra, Ekta Singh, Aman Kumar, Arpita Ghosh, Shang-Lien Lo, Sunil Kumar
Summary: Solid wastes are considered a viable renewable energy source that can be converted into valuable materials and energy through co-gasification. Co-gasification allows for customization of the product gas composition by adjusting the feedstock and mixing ratios. This review discusses the effects of co-gasifying solid waste and their mixtures on energy and material recovery, emphasizing its importance in energy efficiency and technical feasibility.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianjun Cai, Ronghua Zeng, Wenheng Zheng, Shubin Wang, Jie Han, Kaiqiang Li, Ming Luo, Xingying Tang
Summary: The co-gasification of RDF and biomass is an efficient technology for MSW utilization, with higher temperature and ER values promoting syngas yield. Co-gasification demonstrated synergistic enhancements in carbon conversion efficiency, gas yield, and cold gas efficiency. Positive synergy effects were observed at lower ER and higher temperatures, while negative synergy effects tended to appear at higher ER values.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrius Tamosiunas, Dovile Gimzauskaite, Mindaugas Aikas, Rolandas Uscila, Kestutis Zakarauskas
Summary: In this experimental study, waste glycerol from industrial bio-diesel production was converted to syngas using water vapor DC thermal arc plasma. Pure water vapor was used as a gasifying agent to avoid unwanted byproducts and obtain higher concentrations of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The study found that the highest process efficiency and lower specific energy requirement were achieved at the H2O/C3H8O3 ratio of 1.9.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yan Yang, Rock Keey Liew, Arularasu Muthaliar Tamothran, Shin Ying Foong, Peter Nai Yuh Yek, Poh Wai Chia, Thuan Van Tran, Wanxi Peng, Su Shiung Lam
Summary: Dwindling fossil fuels and improper waste management are major challenges due to increasing population and industrialization. Refuse-derived fuel gasification is a key technology that can help reduce CO2 emissions and decrease the amount of solid waste being sent to landfills. Co-gasification using two feedstocks shows potential benefits over conventional gasification, with lower tar formation and improved process efficiency.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alan Maslani, Michal Hlina, Milan Hrabovsky, Petr Krenek, Vineet Singh Sikarwar, Jafar Fathi, Sumathy Raman, Siarhei Skoblia, Ondrej Jankovsky, Adela Jierickova, Shelja Sharma, Tomas Mates, Radek Musalek, Frantisek Lukac, Michal Jeremias
Summary: The pyrolysis of simulated natural gas (NG) was studied experimentally, and it was found that the composition of NG affects the effectiveness and energy requirement of the pyrolysis process.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ouissal Bourguig, Ana Ramos, Khalid Bouziane, Mohamed Asbik, Eliseu Monteiro, Abel Rouboa
Summary: This article discusses the current situation of municipal solid waste generation and management in Morocco, and presents a model for hydrogen production from municipal solid waste and biomass using co-gasification technology. The research findings indicate that increasing gasification temperature and steam to feedstock ratio can enhance hydrogen production.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Yinhe Liu, Yu Guan, Xiaolong Lin, Bo Wang, Qiang Lyu
Summary: Chemical looping (CL) is a promising technology with CO2 capture capabilities in industrial applications. Iron based (Fe-based) materials are the most likely candidates for oxygen carriers due to their economic and eco-friendly characteristics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of Fe-based oxygen carriers, including their preparation methods, characteristics, and reaction mechanisms. The application of Fe-based oxygen carriers in chemical looping processes and the recent progress in reaction mechanism studies are also discussed. The challenges and prospects of Fe-based oxygen carriers are presented along with effective strategies. This review aims to provide insights into the practical application of Fe-based oxygen carriers in chemical looping.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Muhammad Sajid, Abdul Raheem, Naeem Ullah, Muhammad Asim, Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman, Nisar Ali
Summary: Sustainable waste management is a crucial issue in modern societies, and scientific research aims to develop effective waste management strategies to address health and environmental concerns. Thermal treatments, particularly gasification, offer viable solutions for municipal waste management. This review critically examines different gasification technologies, feed alternatives, catalysts, and technology adoption. Mixed feedstock management, such as combining municipal solid waste with agricultural waste, can be a practical solution, although economic considerations and waste disposal regulations play important roles in design strategy and implementation.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojian Liu, Bei Wang, Yayun Ma, Xiangyang Zhou, Juan Yang, Yuehui He, Jingjing Tang, Fanyun Su, Wan Yang
Summary: This study proposes a combined process of reduction roasting of herb-medicine residue and oxalic acid leaching to improve the recovery efficiency of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries. By utilizing the reducing gas produced from the pyrolysis of herb-medicine residue, the layered structure of the cathode powder is destroyed and converted into Li2CO3, Ni, Co, and MnO. Additionally, selective extraction of lithium is achieved using oxalic acid, and the efficiency and kinetics of lithium extraction are improved under the combined action of herb-medicine residue and oxalic acid.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muxina Konarova, Nuno Batalha, Gabriel Fraga, Mohamed H. M. Ahmed, Steven Pratt, Bronwyn Laycock
Summary: This study presents a proof of concept for a technology that integrates PET recovery from mixed plastic waste and plastic pyrolysis. By depolymerizing PET into TPA using a low volatility oil as medium, it achieves low-pressure operation and a selective separation and recovery of TPA from the product mix. Full PET conversion and high TPA recovery were achieved, making it an effective solution for processing mixed waste streams and improving the yield and quality of liquid product from thermal pyrolysis compared to untreated feedstock.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhenhua Sun, Jing Li, Xuejiang Wang, Siqing Xia, Jianfu Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the influence of in-situ formed MgFe2O4 on the hydrothermal treatment of swine manure. The results showed that the in-situ formation of MgFe2O4 improved the dehydration and decarboxylation of organic components in swine manure, thereby improving its carbonization degree. Furthermore, it enhanced the stabilization of heavy metals and the retention of phosphorus. MgFe2O4 modified hydrochars exhibited remarkable adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cu(II) without any leaching of heavy metals.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yijing Jiang, Boyang Leng, Jingxin Xi
Summary: The increased generation of municipal solid waste has had a significant impact on the economy, environment, and public health. The current waste treatment process has limitations. By developing a comprehensive social costing model, this study assesses the impacts of municipal solid waste management throughout its life cycle and provides policymakers with best practices and feasibility information.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marina Hernandes de Paula e Silva, Ricardo Coser Mergulha, Jose Geraldo Vidal Vieira, Andrea Brasco Pampanelli, Rodrigo Salvador, Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva
Summary: This study developed and implemented a self-assessment tool to assist companies in decision-making processes for establishing circular flows based on Lean Manufacturing and Circular Economy principles. The tool utilized a maturity model and was applied to nine companies of varying characteristics. The findings revealed that certain companies showed higher maturity in water-waste and chemical-emissions management, with larger enterprises focusing on these strategies. However, many companies lacked sufficient training and employee awareness prior to seeking cleaner alternatives, and comprehensive actions to manage the product lifecycle were lacking. To address these gaps, the tool provided tailored recommendations for each company to improve their processes, products, and value chain.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Gamze Dogdu, Turgay Pekdemir, Sanaz Lakestani, Seyda Karabork, Osman Cavus
Summary: This paper presents data on food waste associated with mini size food packaging services, highlighting the difficulties in emptying the food and consumer wastefulness as the main causes. These findings have significant implications for the sustainability of food and relevant packaging.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qingxia Li, Xin Kong, Yuxin Chen, Jianan Niu, Jia Jing, Jin Yuan, Yifeng Zhang
Summary: This study investigates how to enhance methane production from food waste after hydrothermal pretreatment. The results demonstrate a significant increase in methane yield when zero-valent iron and magnetite are used together, and high organic loading is favorable for methane production. Microbial diversity analysis further reveals the dominant pathways and metabolic processes involved in methane generation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
D. H. H. Sim, I. A. W. Tan, L. L. P. Lim, E. T. Lau, B. H. Hameed
Summary: The development of controlled-release fertilizer formulation is important for preventing environmental pollution caused by nutrient leaching and volatilization. This study combined biochar-based fertilizer with encapsulation technology to improve the nutrient release mechanism. Optimal conditions for synthesizing urea-impregnated biochar (UIB) were determined using central composite design, and the release of nitrogen was described by mathematical models. Results showed that encapsulated UIB (EUIB) achieved complete release of nitrogen in water and exhibited improved water retention in sandy-textural soil. Therefore, EUIB derived from peppercorn waste has the potential to be used as a sustainable controlled-release fertilizer for agriculture.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuchuan Wang, Neslihan Akdeniz
Summary: Incorporating biochar into composting systems can increase compost temperatures. This study developed a heat transfer model for a biochar-amended co-composting system and found that biochar increased thermal conductive losses but also enhanced microbial activity, resulting in an overall increase in total heat unit. When biochar was applied on the surface, it mainly functioned as an insulator.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
George Tsalis, Birger Boutrup Jensen, Jessica Aschemann-Witzel
Summary: This paper empirically explores the relationship between retail price promotions and household food waste. The results show that households with a higher proportion of discount food purchases and environmental awareness tend to waste less food, while larger households and those lacking food handling skills tend to waste more food.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lukas Friederici, Arne Koch, Patrick Martens, Jana Pantzke, Sebastiano Di Bucchianico, Thorsten Streibel, Christopher P. Rueger, Ralf Zimmermann
Summary: The increasing demand for lightweight materials has led to a rise in fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) production. However, the properties and compositional range of FRPs pose challenges to recycling strategies. Pyrolysis has emerged as a promising method for separating the fibers from the polymer matrix. This study investigated the pyrolysis process using thermal analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and also assessed the toxicity of the recovered fibers using an in vitro model.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Devika Kannan, Shakiba Khademolqorani, Nassibeh Janatyan, Somaieh Alavi
Summary: This paper introduces Smart Waste Management (SWM) that applies Industry 4.0 technologies in waste management. A framework called SWM4.0 is developed, which highlights the importance of smart people, smart cities, smart enterprises, and smart factories in achieving successful waste management. The paper also suggests future research directions and managerial implications.