Article
Thermodynamics
J. Cespiva, J. Skrinsky, J. Veres, M. Wnukowski, J. Serencisova, T. Ochodek
Summary: This study investigates a solid recovered fuel gasification process as a regional, clean energy supply from an affordable source. A unique cross/updraft gasification reactor is utilized, and various equivalence ratios and load regimes are examined. The parameters studied include producer gas quality, conversion efficiency, and char material yield. The findings suggest that low material load improves gas purity and conversion efficiency, and the process shows low tar content and potential for material valorization.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Eric Langner, Jens Kaltenmorgen, Christian Heinze, Jochen Stroehle, Bernd Epple
Summary: In the process of achieving climate-neutrality with low resource consumption, it is important for global economics to find ways to obtain high-quality products from existing material flows. Using waste as a feedstock for gasification allows the production of high-quality syngas, which can be used to create new products for various industries. The study focused on the gasification characteristics of solid recovered fuel (SRF) pellets and found that the quality of the syngas depends on the gasification temperature and the volatile content in the SRF fraction.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fabrice Tanguay-Rioux, Robert Legros, Laurent Spreutels
Summary: Material recovery facilities and mechanical biological treatments are crucial in current municipal solid waste systems, but the composition of their output streams is difficult to predict due to the influence of input stream composition and unit operation sequences. Sorting efficiency and partition coefficients have a significant impact on the recovery potential of these facilities.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Katia Gallucci, Andrea Di Giuliano, Sergio Rapagna
Summary: The study conducted continuous gasification tests on a mixture of lignite and solid recovered fuel, evaluating the effects of different operating conditions on syngas quality, tar reduction effectiveness, and H2/CO molar ratio improvement. Results showed that gasification with a SRF/lignite mixture at 800 degrees C was feasible, with the best outcomes achieved using a SRF/lignite ratio of 0.2 wt/wt.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Octavio Alves, Luis Calado, Roberta M. Panizio, Catarina Nobre, Eliseu Monteiro, Paulo Brito, Margarida Goncalves
Summary: Gasification is a promising thermochemical technology that converts waste materials into energy with low environmental impact. By conducting gasification tests on solid recovered fuels containing different proportions of polymeric wastes, it was found that adding polymeric wastes improves the calorific value and cold-gas efficiency of the gas.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Octavio Alves, Luis Calado, Roberta M. Panizio, Margarida Goncalves, Eliseu Monteiro, Paulo Brito
Summary: Gasification of waste is a promising solution with better environmental impact, but requires techno-economic studies to determine feasibility and optimize costs. A study on a small-scale gasification plant processing solid recovered fuels and sewage sludge found that both electricity production and hydrogen production scenarios were economically viable, with capital expenditures having the most significant influence on economic indicators.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zeeshan Hameed, Muhammad Aslam, Zakir Khan, Khuram Maqsood, A. E. Atabani, Moinuddin Ghauri, Muhammad Shahzad Khurram, Mohammad Rehan, Abdul-Sattar Nizami
Summary: This paper critically reviews the current status of utilizing municipal solid waste and biomass blends for energy and resource recovery, and identifies opportunities for future development. Among various thermochemical conversion techniques, gasification is considered a promising technology for sustainable waste management system, reducing pollution and maximizing energy and materials recovery. The properties of municipal solid waste and biomass differ, but both have the potential to produce value-added products through gasification, leading to reduced toxic elements and harmful gases in the environment.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Laura Santamaria, Marcel Beirow, Felix Mangold, Gartzen Lopez, Martin Olazar, Max Schmid, Zhenshan Li, Gunter Scheffknecht
Summary: Fluidized bed fast pyrolysis of wood pellets and solid recovered fuel pellets was conducted to analyze the influence of reactor temperature and fuel type on product distribution. The study revealed that fuel characteristics significantly affected the composition and yield of gases, char, and tar, providing insights for deriving pyrolysis sub-models for fluidized bed gasification modeling.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jakub Cespiva, Marek Jadlovec, Jan Vytisk, Jana Serencisova, Ochodek Tadeas, Stanislav Honus
Summary: The scope of this paper is to investigate the utilization of gasification char (GC) as a sorbent material for capturing mercury from coal combustion flue gas. The aim of the study is to determine the absorption capacities of GC produced from softwood pellets (SWP) and solid recovered fuel (SRF), and evaluate the influence of particle size and hot steam activation. Promising results were obtained with 0.5-2 mm particle size and hot-steam activation, reaching mercury removal efficiencies of 76.5% for SWP GC and 62.3% for SRF GC. This study suggests a promising approach for waste utilization in the energy sector, contributing to the sustainability of the circular economy and addressing environmental concerns.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tao Hai, Masood Ashraf Ali, As'ad Alizadeh, Jincheng Zhou, Hayder A. Dhahad, Pradeep Kumar Singh, Sattam Fahad Almojil, Abdulaziz Ibrahim Almohana, Abdulrhman Fahmi Alali, Mohamed Shamseldin
Summary: The current research focuses on modeling solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power plants. Three integrated processes are presented to achieve the most optimal system from the perspective of energy and economics. The results show that the presented system has an energy efficiency of 39.6% and an economic cost of 10.30 dollars per hour, producing 191 kW of output power and 23 kg/s of hydrogen fuel at its working point with a cost of nearly 11 dollars/hour.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Agnieszka Drobniak, Zbigniew Jelonek, Maria Mastalerz, Iwona Jelonek
Summary: With interest rising in biomass use, biomass gasification has the potential to become an imperative mechanism to deliver clean conversion of various types of solid biomass to gas. Our study investigated the relationship between the composition of solid biomass fuels and their gasification emissions, and found that the amount and type of emissions are strongly influenced by the feed. Quality testing of biomass fuels is critical for ensuring high quality and predicting avoidable air pollution. Small-scale gasification in a residential setting is generally safe, as potential hazards can be eliminated by using certified fuels and ensuring appropriate distance from the emissions source.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ying-Chu Chen, Hsing-Chou Lin, Li-Yun Chen
Summary: In this study, solid-recovered fuel was prepared from municipal solid waste, and the dechlorination process was evaluated using calcium hydroxide as a detergent. The results showed that calcium hydroxide effectively removed chlorine content and increased the high heating value of the solid-recovered fuel. The dechlorination technologies investigated in this study provide guidance for producing high-standard solid-recovered fuel at a lower cost and with less chlorine pollution.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
S. Ali Saadabadi, Niels van Linden, Abel Heinsbroek, P. V. Aravind
Summary: This study examines the potential of generating electricity in a solid oxide fuel cell using methane recovered from groundwater as the fuel. By processing the gas and utilizing specific technologies, the electrical efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell can be increased up to 60%.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Liping Tan, Lei Cai, Yidan Fu, Zining Zhou, Yanwen Guan
Summary: This study proposes a biomass gasification integrated natural gas combined cycle for carbon emission reduction. By adjusting the flow rate of CO2 and H2O in gasifying agents, the biomass mixing ratio and energy efficiency can be improved.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Angela Rolfe, Ye Huang, Neil Hewitt
Summary: The main purpose of this work is to examine the techno-economics and environmental assessment of the Solid Recovered Fuel and Lignite to methanol pathway. The results show that increased Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) in the feedstock mix has favourable economics due to the negative SRF charges resulting in a lower break-even selling price (BESP) than feedstock mixes with higher ratios of Lignite. Increasing the SRF in the feedstock mix decreases the Global Warming impact of the methanol production compared to higher proportions of Lignite.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giulia Moretto, Filomena Ardolino, Alberto Piasentin, Luca Girotto, Franco Cecchi
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Thermodynamics
F. Parrillo, G. Ruoppolo, U. Arena
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Filomena Ardolino, Carmine Boccia, Umberto Arena
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Filomena Ardolino, Giuseppina Colaleo, Umberto Arena
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
T. H. Christensen, A. Damgaard, J. Levis, Y. Zhao, A. Bjorklund, U. Arena, M. A. Barlaz, V Starostina, A. Boldrin, T. F. Astrup, V Bisinella
Article
Thermodynamics
Francesco Parrillo, Filomena Ardolino, Gabriele Cali, Davide Marotto, Alberto Pettinau, Umberto Arena
Summary: Air gasification tests were conducted in a pilot scale bubbling fluidized bed gasifier, confirming the technical feasibility of biomass gasification within a range of equivalence ratio and generating high quality syngas. Results support the implementation of reliable numerical models for fluidized bed gasifiers and optimization of design/operating criteria.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
F. Ardolino, G. F. Cardamone, F. Parrillo, U. Arena
Summary: The study reviews and compares various techniques for upgrading biogas into high quality biomethane, with membrane separation showing the best performance. The performances of the techniques are dependent on site-specific conditions and commercial strategies for the market of interest.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Giovanni Francesco Cardamone, Filomena Ardolino, Umberto Arena
Summary: The huge increase of WEEE waste poses environmental concerns, particularly in the treatment and recycling of plastics. Compliance with European Directives is essential for reducing negative impacts, especially in the face of substandard treatment methods and exported waste.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Carmine Boccia, Francesco Parrillo, Giovanna Ruoppolo, Mario Commodo, Franco Berruti, Umberto Arena
Summary: Activated carbons are recognized as inexpensive and efficient catalysts for tar cracking reactions at high temperatures, but their use in hot syngas cleaning is limited by rapid deactivation. This study investigates how temperature and steam concentration can affect the efficiency of water-gas and reforming reactions, shedding light on possible solutions for deactivation issues.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Filomena Ardolino, Giovanni Francesco Cardamone, Umberto Arena
Summary: The proposed new management scheme for plastics from waste of electrical and electronic equipment greatly enhances environmental sustainability by increasing polymer recycling, decreasing residues for combustion, and reducing potential impacts. However, the advantages substantially diminish if the improper treatments applied to exported wastes are taken into account.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Francesco Parrillo, Carmine Boccia, Giovanna Ruoppolo, Mario Commodo, Franco Berruti, Umberto Arena
Summary: This study investigates the effect of temperature and steam concentration on water-gas and reforming reactions for tar cleaning in syngas production. Two catalysts were used and the Fe/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst showed better performance. The nature of coke layers deposited on the catalyst surface was examined using microscopy and spectroscopy techniques.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Umberto Arena, Filomena Ardolino
Summary: The recovery of resources from streams of mixed plastics waste is a technological and economic challenge, but some innovative treatments show promising performances and potential environmental advantages.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojian Liu, Bei Wang, Yayun Ma, Xiangyang Zhou, Juan Yang, Yuehui He, Jingjing Tang, Fanyun Su, Wan Yang
Summary: This study proposes a combined process of reduction roasting of herb-medicine residue and oxalic acid leaching to improve the recovery efficiency of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries. By utilizing the reducing gas produced from the pyrolysis of herb-medicine residue, the layered structure of the cathode powder is destroyed and converted into Li2CO3, Ni, Co, and MnO. Additionally, selective extraction of lithium is achieved using oxalic acid, and the efficiency and kinetics of lithium extraction are improved under the combined action of herb-medicine residue and oxalic acid.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muxina Konarova, Nuno Batalha, Gabriel Fraga, Mohamed H. M. Ahmed, Steven Pratt, Bronwyn Laycock
Summary: This study presents a proof of concept for a technology that integrates PET recovery from mixed plastic waste and plastic pyrolysis. By depolymerizing PET into TPA using a low volatility oil as medium, it achieves low-pressure operation and a selective separation and recovery of TPA from the product mix. Full PET conversion and high TPA recovery were achieved, making it an effective solution for processing mixed waste streams and improving the yield and quality of liquid product from thermal pyrolysis compared to untreated feedstock.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhenhua Sun, Jing Li, Xuejiang Wang, Siqing Xia, Jianfu Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the influence of in-situ formed MgFe2O4 on the hydrothermal treatment of swine manure. The results showed that the in-situ formation of MgFe2O4 improved the dehydration and decarboxylation of organic components in swine manure, thereby improving its carbonization degree. Furthermore, it enhanced the stabilization of heavy metals and the retention of phosphorus. MgFe2O4 modified hydrochars exhibited remarkable adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cu(II) without any leaching of heavy metals.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yijing Jiang, Boyang Leng, Jingxin Xi
Summary: The increased generation of municipal solid waste has had a significant impact on the economy, environment, and public health. The current waste treatment process has limitations. By developing a comprehensive social costing model, this study assesses the impacts of municipal solid waste management throughout its life cycle and provides policymakers with best practices and feasibility information.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marina Hernandes de Paula e Silva, Ricardo Coser Mergulha, Jose Geraldo Vidal Vieira, Andrea Brasco Pampanelli, Rodrigo Salvador, Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva
Summary: This study developed and implemented a self-assessment tool to assist companies in decision-making processes for establishing circular flows based on Lean Manufacturing and Circular Economy principles. The tool utilized a maturity model and was applied to nine companies of varying characteristics. The findings revealed that certain companies showed higher maturity in water-waste and chemical-emissions management, with larger enterprises focusing on these strategies. However, many companies lacked sufficient training and employee awareness prior to seeking cleaner alternatives, and comprehensive actions to manage the product lifecycle were lacking. To address these gaps, the tool provided tailored recommendations for each company to improve their processes, products, and value chain.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Gamze Dogdu, Turgay Pekdemir, Sanaz Lakestani, Seyda Karabork, Osman Cavus
Summary: This paper presents data on food waste associated with mini size food packaging services, highlighting the difficulties in emptying the food and consumer wastefulness as the main causes. These findings have significant implications for the sustainability of food and relevant packaging.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qingxia Li, Xin Kong, Yuxin Chen, Jianan Niu, Jia Jing, Jin Yuan, Yifeng Zhang
Summary: This study investigates how to enhance methane production from food waste after hydrothermal pretreatment. The results demonstrate a significant increase in methane yield when zero-valent iron and magnetite are used together, and high organic loading is favorable for methane production. Microbial diversity analysis further reveals the dominant pathways and metabolic processes involved in methane generation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
D. H. H. Sim, I. A. W. Tan, L. L. P. Lim, E. T. Lau, B. H. Hameed
Summary: The development of controlled-release fertilizer formulation is important for preventing environmental pollution caused by nutrient leaching and volatilization. This study combined biochar-based fertilizer with encapsulation technology to improve the nutrient release mechanism. Optimal conditions for synthesizing urea-impregnated biochar (UIB) were determined using central composite design, and the release of nitrogen was described by mathematical models. Results showed that encapsulated UIB (EUIB) achieved complete release of nitrogen in water and exhibited improved water retention in sandy-textural soil. Therefore, EUIB derived from peppercorn waste has the potential to be used as a sustainable controlled-release fertilizer for agriculture.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuchuan Wang, Neslihan Akdeniz
Summary: Incorporating biochar into composting systems can increase compost temperatures. This study developed a heat transfer model for a biochar-amended co-composting system and found that biochar increased thermal conductive losses but also enhanced microbial activity, resulting in an overall increase in total heat unit. When biochar was applied on the surface, it mainly functioned as an insulator.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
George Tsalis, Birger Boutrup Jensen, Jessica Aschemann-Witzel
Summary: This paper empirically explores the relationship between retail price promotions and household food waste. The results show that households with a higher proportion of discount food purchases and environmental awareness tend to waste less food, while larger households and those lacking food handling skills tend to waste more food.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lukas Friederici, Arne Koch, Patrick Martens, Jana Pantzke, Sebastiano Di Bucchianico, Thorsten Streibel, Christopher P. Rueger, Ralf Zimmermann
Summary: The increasing demand for lightweight materials has led to a rise in fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) production. However, the properties and compositional range of FRPs pose challenges to recycling strategies. Pyrolysis has emerged as a promising method for separating the fibers from the polymer matrix. This study investigated the pyrolysis process using thermal analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and also assessed the toxicity of the recovered fibers using an in vitro model.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Devika Kannan, Shakiba Khademolqorani, Nassibeh Janatyan, Somaieh Alavi
Summary: This paper introduces Smart Waste Management (SWM) that applies Industry 4.0 technologies in waste management. A framework called SWM4.0 is developed, which highlights the importance of smart people, smart cities, smart enterprises, and smart factories in achieving successful waste management. The paper also suggests future research directions and managerial implications.
