Article
Infectious Diseases
Rita Domingues, Ana Barbosa, Silvio B. Santos, Diana Priscila Pires, Jonathan Save, Gregory Resch, Joana Azeredo, Hugo Oliveira
Summary: A novel phage targeting different capsule types of Acinetobacter was isolated, utilizing a depolymerase activity in its tailspike to recognize and degrade specific capsules. The K38 depolymerase also increased bacterial susceptibility to host serum complement.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Matias Aguilera, Eduardo Tobar-Calfucoy, Victoria Rojas-Martinez, Rodrigo Norambuena, Maria Jesus Serrano, Onix Cifuentes, Maria Sofia Zamudio, Daniel San Martin, Pabla Lara, Andrea Sabag, Marcela Zabner, Daniel Tichy, Pamela Camejo, Luis Leon, Michael Pino, Soledad Ulloa, Felipe Rojas, Christian Pieringer, Cecilia Muster, Daniel Castillo, Nicolas Ferreira, Camilo Avendano, Mauro Canaval, Hans Pieringer, Pablo Cifuentes, Nicolas Cifuentes Munoz
Summary: In this study, we isolated and characterized 47 bacteriophages that showed variable degrees of lytic activity against 258 Salmonella isolates from a commercial broiler company in Brazil. Three of these bacteriophages were selected to assemble a cocktail, which was found to be highly effective against multiple serovars of Salmonella in vitro, including under conditions that resemble the chicken gut. The cocktail also showed limited or no cross-resistance, highlighting its potential for in vivo application in commercial broiler farms.
Article
Microbiology
Jialiang Xu, Jia Li, Yi Yan, Pengjun Han, Yigang Tong, Xu Li
Summary: A lytic phage SW16-7 was isolated from medical sewage, showing high infectivity against Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden and other strains. In vitro inhibition assays demonstrated its effective antibacterial effect for up to 12 h. The phage's genome lacks virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes, suggesting its potential as a biocontrol agent against S. Weltevreden.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chuan-Wei Tung, Zabdiel Alvarado-Martinez, Zajeba Tabashsum, Arpita Aditya, Debabrata Biswas
Summary: Salmonella enterica is the most common foodborne pathogen worldwide, and controlling its multiple serovars is necessary due to antibiotic resistance. In this study, a novel bacteriophage-1252 was isolated and found to have high lytic activity against multiple serovars of S. enterica. It belongs to the Myoviridae family and has stable activity within a certain temperature range. These findings suggest that phage-1252 is a promising candidate for controlling S. enterica serovars in food production.
Article
Microbiology
Sebastian Braetz, Peter Schwerk, Nara Figueroa-Bossi, Karsten Tedin, Marcus Fulde
Summary: Our study demonstrates that prophages significantly reduce persister cell formation in lysogenic cells exposed to DNA-gyrase-targeting drugs, and also impact the initial drug susceptibility.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tengteng Li, Hong Chen, Jiayi Zhao, Zhenxiang Tao, Weiqing Lan, Yong Zhao, Xiaohong Sun
Summary: In this study, a novel Salmonella phage vB_SalM_SPJ41 was isolated from poultry farms in Shanghai, China. It was found that this phage could lyse multiple serotypes of antibiotic-resistant S. enterica and effectively inhibit the biofilm produced by antibiotic-resistant S. enterica. Additionally, the phage showed promising results in reducing the levels of S. Enteritidis and S. Derby in lettuce and salmon at low temperatures. Genomic analysis revealed the absence of virulence factor genes or antibiotic resistance genes in the phage.
Article
Microbiology
Catherine W. Y. Wong, Siyun Wang
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of two bacteriophage cocktails against four Salmonella enterica strains on germinating alfalfa sprout seeds. The results showed that repeated daily bacteriophage applications can reduce S. enterica populations, but the extent of reduction depends on the strain.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Haejoon Park, Jinshil Kim, Hyeongsoon Kim, Eunshin Cho, Hyeeun Park, Byeonghwa Jeon, Sangryeol Ryu
Summary: The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella is a serious public health threat, and intervention strategies mostly target Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis. In this study, phages targeting MDR S. Thompson were isolated and characterized. The MSP1 phage showed strong antimicrobial activity against S. Thompson and other serovars, and it was capable of inhibiting biofilm formation and reducing the level of MDR S. Thompson in food samples.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Cedric Woudstra, Sophie A. Granier
Summary: This study investigates the anti-phage defenses in Salmonella Typhimurium using bioinformatics and identifies nucleic acid degradation and abortive infection mechanisms. Mobile genetic elements containing anti-phage systems were also found in Salmonella and the Enterobacteriaceae family. This research provides insights for designing preventive measures against the spread of phage resistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sander Witte, Lea V. Zinsli, Rafael Gonzalez-Serrano, Cassandra I. Matter, Martin J. Loessner, Joel T. van Mierlo, Matthew Dunne
Summary: Bacteriophages are widely used as biocontrol agents in food production and surface treatment. Their infectivity is determined by the receptor binding proteins on the tail fibers, which also dictate their suitability as antibacterial agents. Phages EP75 and EP335 exhibit broad infectivity towards certain strains of bacteria.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yan Lin, Yankun Liu, Yuyu Zhang, Wenyuan Yuan, Dongyang Wang, Weiyun Zhu
Summary: A virulent bacteriophage, S19cd, was isolated from pig gut and can infect both non-pathogenic Escherichia coli and pathogenic Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis. S19cd exhibits strong lytic ability and can inhibit the growth of these bacteria. Mice pre-treated with S19cd showed protection against the pathogenic strain. S19cd has heat resistance and pH tolerance, and belongs to the Felixounavirus genus without virulence or drug-resistance-related genes. Metagenomic analysis suggests that S19cd-like phages are widespread in Chinese pig gut.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jose Gil, John Paulson, Matthew Brown, Henriett Zahn, Minh M. Nguyen, Marcia Eisenberg, Stephen Erickson
Summary: Host range is crucial for the industrial utility of bacteriophages. Manipulating receptor-binding proteins can improve host range and detection specificity for Salmonella.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Miriam Cordovana, Norman Mauder, Olivier Join-Lambert, Francois Gravey, Simon LeHello, Michel Auzou, Monica Pitti, Simona Zoppi, Michael Buhl, Joerg Steinmann, Hagen Frickmann, Denise Dekker, Yumiko Funashima, Zenzo Nagasawa, Jozsef Soki, Laszlo Oroszi, Alida C. Velooj, Ulrik S. Justesen, Hanne M. Holt, Andrea Liberatore, Simone Ambretti, Stefano Pongolini, Laura Soliani, Andreas Wille, Sandra Rojak, Ralf Matthias Hagen, Juergen May, A. B. Pranada, Markus Kostrzewa
Summary: This study aimed to address the challenge of subtyping Salmonella enterica at O-serogroup level by using FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that the IRBT system has high accuracy and reliability in typing Salmonella enterica at serogroup level, while also being user-friendly and cost-effective.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sophia Inbaraj, Ravi Kant Agrawal, Prasad Thomas, Pallab Chaudhuri, V. K. Chaturvedi
Summary: This study aimed to isolate and characterize a bacteriophage against Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and evaluate its effectiveness in decontaminating chicken skin. The bacteriophage belonged to the genus chivirus and exhibited high susceptibility against multidrug-resistant S. enterica isolates. The results revealed that high multiplicity of infection is required for significant reduction of bacterial concentration.
FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Somaieh Sabzali, Majid Bouzari
Summary: Salmonellosis is a significant global foodborne disease, with multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. becoming a worldwide problem. This study isolated and characterized bacteriophages specific to Salmonella Paratyphi B and S. Typhimurium, with a focus on antibiotic resistance and ESBL gene prevalence. The isolated phages show potential for controlling food contamination and phage therapy for infected animals.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.