Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas Kohne, Alexander Dahlstrom, Aimo Winkelmann, Peter Hedstrom, Annika Borgenstam
Summary: This study presents a novel approach for correlating the local martensite tetragonality determined by electron backscatter diffraction and carbon distribution determined by atom probe tomography (APT). The approach involves site-specific sample preparation for APT based on the local tetragonality. The investigation focused on the local carbon distribution in high carbon steel with varying local martensite tetragonality. The results showed that regions with low tetragonality exhibited clear agglomeration of carbon, while regions with high tetragonality showed only small elongated agglomerations and no significant clustering. The average bulk carbon content in APT analysis did not show any quantitative difference between regions with low and high tetragonality, indicating the absence of significant long-range diffusion of carbon.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
AmirHossein Foroozan-Ebrahimy, Brian Langelier, Roger Charles Newman
Summary: This study combines atom probe tomography and electrochemical methods to characterize the surface composition of nanoporous gold (NPG) through selective electrosorption of sulfide ions. The sensitivity threshold for detecting adsorbate-Ag interaction on NPG was estimated to be approximately 2% Ag surface coverage. Although no faradaic charge density was detected, this approach provides a new avenue for gaining insight into the monolayer surface coverage of metallic nanoporous materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiang-Jing Wang, Suyang Sun, Lu Lu, Hongchu Du, Chun-Lin Jia, Oana Cojocaru-Miredin, Jian Yang, Guiwu Liu, Chongjian Zhou, Guanjun Qiao, Zhongqi Shi, En Ma, Bangzhi Ge, Yuan Yu, Matthias Wuttig, Wei Zhang
Summary: A design strategy to stabilize the excess zinc ions in β-Zn4Sb3 material and achieve a homogeneous distribution of zinc interstitials has been presented. This design strategy not only improves the carrier mobility and conductivity but also leads to excellent thermoelectric performance of the material.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Li Liu, Jian-Tang Jiang, Xiang-Yuan Cui, Bo Zhang, Liang Zhen, Simon P. Ringer
Summary: The study investigates the correlation between precipitates evolution and mechanical properties of Al-Sc-Zr alloy with Er additions during isothermal ageing. Results show that Er additions significantly improve hardness by increasing the nucleation rate of Al-3(Er,Sc,Zr) precipitates, leading to a higher density of fine nanoparticles. First-principles calculations demonstrate energetically favored solute-solute interactions, rationalizing the observed precipitate structure and formation mechanism.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Arpit Thomas, Ambrish Kumar, Gopinath Perumal, Ram Kumar Sharma, Vignesh Manivasagam, Ketul Popat, Aditya Ayyagari, Anqi Yu, Shalini Tripathi, Edgar Buck, Bharat Gwalani, Meha Bhogra, Harpreet Singh Arora
Summary: This report presents a new approach to overcome the low energy density of supercapacitors by using physical deformation, chemical dealloying, and microstructure engineering to create high-capacity, energy-dense NiMn alloy electrodes.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Hausmann, Andreas Foerner, Martin Proebstle, Daniela Huenert, Peter Felfer, Mathias Goeken, Steffen Neumeier
Summary: The study investigates precipitation behavior in different alloy conditions, revealing that materials with a low volume fraction of η/δ phase and a high proportion of primary γ' precipitates will form γ'' phase due to excess Nb. Spherical γ' precipitates with disc-shaped γ'' precipitates at γ' interfaces were observed. The enrichment of phase forming elements during discontinuous coarsening of η/δ plates leads to heterogeneous nucleation of γ' at the η/γ interface, with thin η plates embedded in δ phase in grain boundary pinning precipitates also confirmed. These results demonstrate the conditions under which certain primary phases form and how the consumption and redistribution of phase promoting elements trigger the formation of secondary phases.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yu Xia, Jiaming Liu, Xingchu Zhang, Renlong Zhou
Summary: Research findings show that laser energy absorption and field evaporation mechanisms can be described by an effective cross section, while the fluctuation of charge state is influenced by collective excitation of electrons. The average charge state is only dependent on the static field strength.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yudai Yamaguchi, Yuya Kanitani, Yoshihiro Kudo, Jun Uzuhashi, Tadakatsu Ohkubo, Kazuhiro Hono, Shigetaka Tomiya
Summary: In this study, the compositional and structural investigations of threading dislocations (TDs) in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells were conducted using correlative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). The results showed that indium atoms diffuse along the TD and their concentration decreases with distance from the InGaN layer. It was directly observed that the indium atoms originating from the InGaN layer diffuse toward the epitaxial GaN surface through the TD, possibly via the pipe diffusion mechanism induced by strain energy relaxation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Daniel S. Mosiman, Yi-Sheng Chen, Limei Yang, Brian Hawkett, Simon P. Ringer, Benito J. Marinas, Julie M. Cairney
Summary: Two techniques were developed to encapsulate and prepare HAP NPs into APT tips for characterization, revealing significant tradeoffs between encapsulant methods/materials for HAP characterization and the need for further technique development to select a more robust approach. This work serves as an essential starting point for advancing knowledge about the nanoscale spatiochemistry of HAP NPs.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chaitanya Mahajan, Vahid Hasannaeimi, Mayur Pole, Elizabeth Kautz, Bharat Gwalani, Sundeep Mukherjee
Summary: The effect of chemistry change on corrosion mechanisms and passive film characteristics of model Ni-P and Co-P metallic glass coatings on mild steel was investigated. Increasing phosphorus content enhanced corrosion resistance, with the presence of hypophosphite and phosphate anions observed on the corroded surfaces. Enrichment of phosphorus in the passive layer facilitated the restoration of the protective hypophosphite anion layer during dissolution. A correlation between electronic structure and corrosion resistance was established, as the relative work function increased with higher phosphorus content.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiping Xiong, Ilana Timokhina, Elena Pereloma
Summary: Continuous innovations in design of advanced structural steels play a crucial role in the future progress of manufacturing, automotive and construction industries. Events at nano and atomic scales are essential in controlling steel strength, with strengths of 1-1.5 GPa realized in nano-scale precipitation strengthened steels. Modern characterization techniques allow for insight into mechanisms of solute atoms clustering, nano-precipitate formation, and interactions with dislocations contributing to strength.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chenglong Luan, Manuel Corva, Ulrich Hagemann, Hongcai Wang, Markus Heidelmann, Kristina Tschulik, Tong Li
Summary: Co-based electrocatalysts undergo dynamic surface changes during oxygen evolution reaction, which affects their performance. A multimodal characterization approach is used to study the structural and compositional evolution of the CoOOH layer and its impact on OER activity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. J. Egan, F. Xue, Y. Rao, G. Sparks, E. Marquis, M. Ghazisaeidi, S. Tin, M. J. Mills
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Nb content on local phase transformation strengthening during high temperature creep in two similar polycrystalline alloys. The results show that the alloy with higher Nb content exhibits superior creep strength. Characterization of the deformation microstructures and density functional theory calculations reveal that a novel local phase transformation along microtwin interfaces plays a key role in enhancing the creep strength.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hannes Zschiesche, Claude Alfonso, Ahmed Charai, Dominique Mangelinck
Summary: Diffusion barriers, such as Ti interlayers, play a crucial role in controlling the kinetics of phase formation processes, as observed in the CoSi growth process. The diffusion of Co through the Ti interlayer controls the growth of CoSi, while Si diffusion through the Ti interlayer to the Co layer is also evidenced at higher annealing temperatures. Additionally, Ti diffusion to the CoSi/Si interface may affect diffusion processes and phase formation reactions.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Olivia G. Licata, Jith Sarker, Mukesh Bachhav, Pinku Roy, Xiucheng Wei, Zihao Yang, Nag Patibandla, Hao Zeng, Mingwei Zhu, Quanxi Jia, Baishakhi Mazumder
Summary: This study investigates the effect of nanoscale chemistry and interfacial abruptness on the superconducting properties of NbN films. The results provide insights for optimizing material design and growth of superconducting NbN films.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Annalisa Vacca, Laura Mais, Michele Mascia, Elisabetta Maria Usai, Simonetta Palmas
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kevin Schweinar, Baptiste Gault, Isabelle Mouton, Olga Kasian
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jesus Rodriguez, Laura Mais, Roberto Campana, Lorenza Piroddi, Michele Mascia, Jonas Gurauskis, Annalisa Vacca, Simonetta Palmas
Summary: This study reports a new procedure for low-cost Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) manufacture based on the optimization of the most expensive MFC components: separator and cathode. The new tubular MFC clay separators achieve the lowest thickness and cost to date, while the novel CuO cathode shows a high power density and remains stable during long-term operation. The economic analysis indicates a low cost for the proposed cell compared to other Ceramic-MFCs (C-MFCs) reported in the literature.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Angelica Simbula, Riccardo Pau, Qingqian Wang, Fang Liu, Valerio Sarritzu, Stefano Lai, Matteo Lodde, Francesco Mattana, Guido Mula, Alessandra Geddo Lehmann, Ioannis D. Spanopoulos, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, Daniela Marongiu, Francesco Quochi, Michele Saba, Andrea Mura, Giovanni Bongiovanni
Summary: Rapid advancements in perovskite photovoltaics have led to the production of efficient solar cells with improved stability and duration, primarily due to changes in materials composition and photophysics. The presence of unbound charge carrier plasmas, even in 2D perovskites at cryogenic temperatures, suggests potential novel mechanisms for LEDs and lasers, as well as highlighting the significant role of 2D perovskites in photovoltaics.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shyam Katnagallu, Felipe F. Morgado, Isabelle Mouton, Baptiste Gault, Leigh T. Stephenson
Summary: The study demonstrates the use of two commercially available atom probe instruments to acquire time-of-flight mass spectrometry data concomitant with a field ion microscopy experiment. By utilizing temporal and spatial correlations to discriminate signals, an efficient data mining strategy is showcased. The discussion pertains to the remaining experimental challenges and the unique nature of the new analytical field ion microscopy approach.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
Martin Jacob, Loubna El Gueddari, Jyh-Miin Lin, Gabriele Navarro, Audrey Jannaud, Guido Mula, Pascale Bayle-Guillemaud, Philippe Ciuciu, Zineb Saghi
Summary: Electron tomography is widely used for analyzing 3D morphology at nanoscale, with increasing interest in analytical electron tomography for its ability to provide 3D information on elemental composition, chemical bonding, and optical/electronic properties. Advanced reconstruction algorithms are required for AET due to limited projections in datasets. The study compares higher-order TV and wavelet-based approaches for AET applications, with HOTV3 and Bior4.4 wavelet showing better performance than classical TV minimization and Haar wavelet.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Annalisa Vacca
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Laura Mais, Simonetta Palmas, Michele Mascia, Annalisa Vacca
Summary: This study investigated the effects of applied potential and chloride ions in the solution on the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of diethyl phthalate (DEP) using TiO2 nanotubular anodes. The presence of chloride ions was found to negatively impact the degradation rate of DEP.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Q. Barres, O. Tissot, E. Meslin, I. Mouton, B. Arnal, M. Loyer-Prost, C. Pareige
Summary: Investigated the effect of grain boundary variations on radiation-induced segregation in Ferritic Martensitic and ODS steels. Quantified the structural characteristics and chemical composition of grain boundaries using multiple techniques. Results showed W-shaped profiles of Cr across grain boundaries and heterogeneous precipitation of Cr-C rich particles on grain boundary planes.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joel Ribis, Isabelle Mouton, Cedric Baumier, Aurelie Gentils, Marie Loyer-Prost, Laurence Luneville, David Simeone
Summary: Oxide dispersion-strengthened materials are reinforced by (Y, Ti, O) nano-oxide dispersion and exhibit different behaviors of nano-oxides at different temperatures. Maintaining the nano-oxide dispersion under irradiation is crucial for preserving the excellent creep properties of the alloy in a nuclear power plant.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel Spartacus, Joel Malaplate, Frederic De Geuser, Isabelle Mouton, Denis Sornin, Michel Perez, Raphaelle Guillou, Benoit Arnal, Elodie Rouesne, Alexis Deschamps
Summary: The evolution of nano-oxides in ODS steels plays a crucial role in their strength and stability, including the transformation process between Y2Ti2O7 and Y2TiO5.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel Spartacus, Joel Malaplate, Frederic De Geuser, Denis Sornin, Isabelle Mouton, Raphaelle Guillou, Alexis Deschamps
Summary: Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steels, processed by powder metallurgy, are studied for their application in nuclear power plants. The temperature increase during outgassing and hot consolidation triggers the formation of nano-oxides. Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) and Atom Probe Tomography (APT) were used to assess the size, chemical and structural properties of nano-oxides during a thermal treatment at 700 degrees C. The results show that the size and number density of nano-oxides remain close to those without the 700 degrees C treatment, but their growth rate is higher at 700 degrees C than 1100 degrees C. A small quantity of aluminum remains in the precipitates during this isothermal treatment.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicola Melis, Francesca Mocci, Annalisa Vacca, Luca Pilia
Summary: The cobalt complex with cyclopentadienyl and 2-aminothiophenolate ligands is studied as a homogeneous catalyst for electrochemical CO2 reduction. The presence of sulfur atom as a substituent leads to a positive shift in reduction potential, higher stability, and enhanced catalytic activity. DFT calculations and electrochemical measurements confirm the effect of sulfur on the lowering of energy of the frontier orbitals of the complex.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laura Mais, Nicola Melis, Annalisa Vacca, Michele Mascia
Summary: The presence of microplastics in ecosystems is a major global problem, and effective strategies to prevent their release have not yet been established. In this study, an electrochemical process using mixed metal oxide anodes was proposed to remove polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate microplastics from wastewater. The study assessed the weight loss of microplastics, generation of by-products, and surface transformation induced by the treatment. The use of active chlorine species electrogenerated during the process was also investigated.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Isabelle Mouton, Yanhong Chang, Poulami Chakraborty, Siyang Wang, Leigh T. Stephenson, T. Ben Britton, Baptiste Gault
Summary: This study investigates the microstructural features of zirconium alloys before and after electrochemical charging with hydrogen/deuterium, followed by low temperature treatment. The research shows that the growth of hydrides modifies the composition and structure of the alloy, with significant deuterium remaining in the matrix. The segregation of tin at the hydride/matrix interface is proposed to facilitate further growth of the hydride.
Article
Microscopy
C. Gao, C. Hofer, T. J. Pennycook
Summary: Ptychography provides high dose efficiency images that can reveal light elements next to heavy atoms. However, contrast reversals can occur when the projected potential becomes strong. Recent research has shown that these reversals can be counteracted by adapting the focus. This study explains why the best contrast is often found with the probe focused to the middle of the sample and highlights the importance of convergence angle in thin samples to remove contrast reversals.
Article
Microscopy
J. Lindner, U. Ross, T. Meyer, V. Boureau, M. Seibt, Ch. Jooss
Summary: Phase-shifting electron holography is an excellent method with high phase sensitivity to reveal electron wave phase information. An advanced drift correction scheme is proposed in this study, which exploits the interface of the TEM specimen and the vacuum area in the hologram. This method allows for obtaining reliable phase information.
Article
Microscopy
Ali Jaberi, Nicolas Brodusch, Jun Song, Raynald Gauvin
Summary: This study investigates knock-on damage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by computing threshold displacement energies (TDEs) and performing Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that Li is most sensitive to knock-on damage at moderate electron energies, and TDE is the principal parameter for assessing Li sensitivity to knock-on damage across similar structures.
Article
Microscopy
Alexander Schroeder, Christopher Rathje, Leon van Velzen, Maurits Kelder, Sascha Schaefer
Summary: This study utilizes novel event-based electron detector platforms to extend the temporal resolution of electron microscopy. By training a neural network to predict electron arrival time, the researchers were able to improve the timing accuracy and achieve a promising solution for enhancing electron timing precision in various electron microscopy applications.
Article
Microscopy
Avi Auslender, Nivedita Pandey, Amit Kohn, Oswaldo Dieguez
Summary: This article describes a faster implementation based on DFT for computing the mean inner potential of crystals, providing quantum-mechanical calculations beyond the independent-atom approximation. The study also reveals the dependence of the mean inner potential on sample boundary conditions, mass density, and magnetic susceptibility, highlighting its correlation with various material properties.
Article
Microscopy
Zhidong Yang, Dawei Zang, Hongjia Li, Zhao Zhang, Fa Zhang, Renmin Han
Summary: In this work, we propose a self-supervised deep learning model for cryo-ET volumetric image denoising based on noise modeling and sparsity guidance. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve reliable denoising by training on single noisy volume and outperform existing methods.
Article
Microscopy
J. Kuttruff, J. Holder, Y. Meng, P. Baum
Summary: In this study, a robust clustering algorithm is proposed that can find clusters in a continuous stream of raw data in real time. This algorithm converts pixel hits measured by hybrid pixel detectors to real single-electron events. By continuously comparing with previous hits, the algorithm efficiently identifies the merging of new and old events.
Article
Microscopy
D. G. Senturk, C. P. Yu, A. De Backer, S. Van Aert
Summary: This article presents a statistics-based method for accurately counting the number of atoms in nanostructures, especially for images acquired with low electron doses and multiple element structures.
Article
Microscopy
Mauricio J. Prieto, Lucas de Souza Caldas, Liviu C. Tanase, Thomas Schmidt, Oscar Rodriguez de la Fuente
Summary: This study presents a synchrotron-based investigation of the synthesis process of a magnetite/hematite bilayer. Ion bombardment gradually transforms hematite into magnetite, and the growth of magnetite leads to the formation of stable boundaries. These findings are significant for understanding novel oxide heterostructures.
Article
Microscopy
Emre Yoruk, Holger Klein, Stephanie Kodjikian
Summary: Beam sensitive nanomaterials pose challenges for crystallographic structure determination. A dose symmetric electron diffraction tomography (DS-EDT) method is developed to reduce beam damage and obtain complete data sets by merging individual datasets from multiple crystals.
Article
Microscopy
A. Pofelski, Y. Zhu, G. A. Botton
Summary: The precision and sensitivity of the GPA method for strain characterization is a widely discussed topic. This study introduces the concept of phase noise and analyzes the parameter of sampling to improve the precision of GPA. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that using a larger pixel spacing in STEM can enhance the precision and sensitivity of the GPA method.
Article
Microscopy
Sangjun Kang, Di Wang, Christian Kuebel, Xiaoke Mu
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable tool for assessing strain fields within materials. However, using thin specimens in TEM analysis can affect atomic configuration and deformation structure.
